Formas de presentación de la histoplasmosis en pacientes con SIDA

Introduction: histoplasmosis, is a systemic fungal infection endemic in our country, caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It is the second systemic fungal infection in AIDS patients. It is most often disseminated with fever, loss weight, hepatosplenomegaly with involvement of multiple organs, with lives compromising in the most serious cases. The 90% occur in patients with CD4 <100 cells/mm3. It may be located in different organs. Objective: To characterize the various presentations of histoplasmosis in AIDS patients admitted in the IMT. Design: descriptive, observational, retrospective cross-sectional. Materials and Methods: We studied 28 patients with AIDS and histoplasmosis, during 01/2007 to 06/2009. The variables estudied was: age, sex, origin, presence and evolution of fever and CD4 count, diagnosis methods. The data were loaded into a spreadsheet in Excel (R), and analyzed by Epi Info version 3.5.1 system (R). Results: Of the 28 patients, 19 (67.9%) were males, mean age 29.5 years (22-44). They come from Asunción and Central 14 (50%). The CD4 count was performed in 25 (89.28%) of these 20 ptes 80%) with less than 50, 2 (8%) between 50 and 100, and 2 (8%) between 100 and 150. With fever 21 (75%) (15 (71.42%), prolonged fever). Skin lesions were found in 17 (60.7%) (5 involving oral mucosa and 1 nodal); mucosal lesion 1, mucosal lesion and nodal 1, lymph node 6 (21.42%) (1 Aspirates from Bone Marrow [ABMP] and 1 biopsy [Bx] transbronchial positive) without skin lesions, mucosal or lymph node 3 (10.34%) (2 ABMP and 1 Bx positive duodenal). Of the 15 patients with prolonged fever: 9 (60%) do not presented skin lesion or mucosal (all with pulmonary infiltrates, 4 with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and 1 with ABMP 3 with positive). 7 (25%) die, all with systemic disease and prolonged fever. The Dx was performed by scarification of skin and/or mucosa, Bx (nodal, duodenal and transbronchial) and ABMP culture-positive (1 with positive blood culture).

Resumen Introducción: La histoplasmosis, micosis sistémica endémica en nuestro país, producida por Histoplasma capsulatum. Es la segunda micosis sistémica en pacientes con SIDA. Es más frecuentemente diseminada con fiebre, pérdida de peso, hepatoesplenomegalia con compromiso de múltiples órganos, comprometiendo la vida de los casos más graves. El 90% se presenta en pacientes con CD4<100 cel/mm3. Puede ser localizada en diferentes órganos. Objetivo: Caracterizar las diferentes formas de presentación de la histoplasmosis en pacientes con SIDA, internados en el IMT. Diseño: descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. Materiales y métodos: se han estudiado 28 historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnostico (Dx) de SIDA e histoplasmosis, internados de 01/2007 a 06/2009. Las variables: edad, sexo, procedencia, presencia y evolución de la fiebre y recuento de CD4, métodos Dxs. Los datos fueron cargados en una planilla de Excel 2003, y analizados por el Sistema Epi Info version 3.5.1. Resultados: de los 28 pacientes, 19 (67,9%) del sexo masculino, la media de edad 29,5 años (22-44). Proceden de Asunción y Central 14 (50%). El recuento de CD4 se realizó en 25 (89,28%), de estos 20 pctes (80%) con menos de 50, 2 (8%) entre 50 y 100, y 2 (8%) entre 100 y 150. Con fiebre 21(75%) (15(71,42%) fiebre prolongada). Se encontró lesiones en piel en 17(60,7%) (5 de con participación de mucosa oral y 1 ganglionar); lesión mucosa 1; lesión mucosa y ganglionar 1; afectación ganglionar 6 (21,42%) (1 Punción aspirativa de Médula ósea [ABMP] y 1 Biopsia [Bx] transbronquial positivas); sin lesiones en piel, mucosa ni ganglionar 3 (10,34%) (2 ABMP y 1 Bx duodenal positivas). De los 15 pacientes con fiebre prolongado: no presentaron lesión de piel ni mucosa 9 (60%) (todos con infiltrado pulmonar, 4 con esplenomegalia, 1 con hepatomegalia y 3 con ABMP positiva). Óbitos 7(25%) todos con afectación sistémica y fiebre prolongado. El Dx se realizó por escarificación de piel y/o mucosa, Bx (ganglionar, duodenal y transbronquial) y ABMP con cultivo positivo (1 con hemocultivo positivo). Conclusión: En este grupo existe un franco predominio de la histoplasmosis con lesiones cutánea, siendo la forma sistémica menos de la mitad, teniendo como principal manifestación la fiebre prolongada con una alta mortalidad.

Evaluation of various cephalometric measurements to predict the prognosis of early Class III malocclusion treatment / 대한치과교정학회지

The aims of this study were to investigate the differences in the early craniofacial morphology of Class III malocclusions with good, fair and poor occlusal stability and to elucidate a key determinant for distinguishing the cases. Lateral cephalograms of 30 subjects with Class III malocclusion in the mixed dentition were analyzed at the start of treatment (mean age of 8.58+/-1.47). All subjects were re-evaluated after a mean period of 7.50+/-1.94 years comprising active treatment and retention. At this time, the samples were divided into three groups: good (10 subjects), fair (10 subjects) and poor (10 subjects) occlusal stability groups. According to the results of ANOVA, there were significant morphological differences in the early stage among the good, fair and poor occlusal stability groups, especially in variables that represented the vertical skeletal relationships. As well, there were already more dental compensations in the poor occlusal stability group. Stepwise discriminant analysis on the measurements at the time of first observation identified only one predictive variable: AB to mandibular plane angle (AB-MP). With this discriminant function, 83.3% of the original grouped cases were correctly classified and the canonical correlation coefficient was 0.857. In conclusion, AB-MP can be a possible predictor for the eventual prognosis of early Class III treatment. If it is below 60, the prognosis of early Class III treatment is expected to be poor, while if it is above 65, a good prognosis is expected.

Clinical effects of combination anorganic bovine-derived hydroxyapatite matrix(ABM)/cell binding peptide (P-15) in periodontal intrabony defects / 대한치주과학회지

The ultimate goal of periodontal theraphy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue which has been lost due to destructive periodontal disease. To achieve periodontal regeneration, various kinds of methods have been investigated and developed, including guided tissue regeneration and bone graft. Bone graft can be catagorized into autografts, allografts, xenografts, bone substitutes. And materials of all types have different biological activity and the capacity for periodontal regeneration, but ideal graft material has not been developed that fits all the requirement of ideal bone graft material. Intensive research is underway to identity, purify, synthesize a variety biologic modulators that may enhance wound healing and regeneration of lost tissues in periodontal therapy. The present study evaluates the effects of ABM/P-15 on the periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects of human. We used thirty four 2-wall or 3-wall osseous defects in premolars and molars of chronic periodontitis patient that have more than 5mm pockets and more than 3mm in intrabony defect. 12 negative control group underwent flap procedure only, 11 positive control group received DFDBA graft with flap procedure, and 11 experimental group received ABM/P-15 graft with flap procedure. The changes of probing pocket depth, loss of attachment and bone probing depth following 6months after treatment revealed the following results: 1. The changes of probing pocket depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in negative control(2.0+/-0.9mm), positive control(3.0+/-0.9mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.5mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in experimental group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 2. The changes of loss of attachment showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.0+/-0.6mm), and experimental group (2.2+/-1.0mm) except negative control group(0.1+/-0.7mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 3. The changes of bone probing depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.7+/-1.0mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.3mm) except negative control(0.1+/-0.9mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that the use of ABM/P-15 in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects can reduce loss of attachment and bone probing depth more than flap operation only. It suggests that ABM/P-15 may be an effective bone graft material for the regeneration of periodontal tissue in intrabony defects.