In vitro evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitor and antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus isolates and their antidiabetic potential

Aims@#This study aimed to evaluate antidiabetic potential of indigenous Lactobacillus isolates by measuring the ability of α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) and antioxidant activity. The mechanism of probiotics as antidiabetic can occur through the AGI and antioxidant activity of LAB, which is able to suppress oxidative stress that causes chronic inflammation and pancreatic β cell apoptosis, and then through the ability to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) and short chain fatty acids (SCFA).@*Methodology and results@#MRS broth enriched with 10% glucose was selected as the growth medium for Lactobacillus. The growth medium was then centrifuged to obtain CFS and CFE was produced by extracting the medium with 96% ethanol as a solvent. The results showed that Lactobacillus pentosus MK42 had the highest AGI activity of 80.32 ± 2.20%. Antioxidant activity was not significantly different (P>0.05) among the tested Lactobacillus isolates. Lactobacillus paracasei RK41 produced the highest EPS (360.13 ± 50.01 mg/L), which was not significantly different (P>0.05) from Lactobacillus plantarum1 RB210. All Lactobacillus isolates were able to produce acetic acid, but not all were able to produce propionic and butyric acid. The highest propionic acid was produced by L. plantarum1 RB210 at 0.40 ± 0.31 mmol/L and the highest butyric acid was produced by L. plantarum1 MK2 at 0.22 ± 0.08 mmol/L.@*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#The results show definitively that indigenous Lactobacillus isolates have considerable α-glucosidase inhibitor, antioxidant activity and the ability to produce of EPS and SCFA. This preliminary study suggests the use of indigenous Lactobacillus isolates which have the potential as antidiabetic agent, although the responsible compounds are unknown.

Incidence and classification of AGI in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its effect on prognosis / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#To explore the incidence and grade of acute gastrointestinal injury（AGI）in patients with acute stroke，and the influence of gastrointestinal disorders on the mortality of stroke. Methods A total of 103 patients were recruited. According to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）scores，they were divided into two groups：severe stroke patients（n=52）and mild to moderate stroke patients（n=51）.The incidence of gastrointestinal complications in the two groups are calculated. AGI classification was performed according to gastrointestinal symptoms. Binary logistic analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of gastrointestinal failure in stroke patients，and KM curve was used to evaluate the effect of AGI classification on 28-day mortality in stroke patients. Results The incidence of gastrointestinal complications was 91.3%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of gastrointestinal disorders in the mild to moderate stroke and severe stroke groups（74.5% vs 75.0%，P>0.05）；The severe stroke group showed a higher incidence of gastrointestinal failure（7.8% vs 25.0%，P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed：elevated NIHSS score was a risk factor for gastrointestinal failure after stroke（P<0.05）.Combining gastrointestinal failure significantly increased the 28-day mortality of stroke patients（χ2=53.08，P<0.001）. Conclusion Gastrointestinal complications are common in patients with acute stroke. NIHSS score is positively correlated with gastrointestinal failure. And patients with gastrointestinal failure have a worse prognosis.

Anogenital index and bone mineral density associations after natural and surgical menopause: a preliminary study

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate postmenopausal women to determine whether an anogenital index (AGI) is associated with bone mineral density (BMD) based on the hypothesis that the effects of menopause are similar for both. METHODS: A total of 338 generally healthy postmenopausal women who were referred for a routine annual check and 140 women who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Based on the menopausal status, the women were classified into natural menopause and surgical menopause. AGI was calculated by dividing anogenital distance by body mass index. The BMD of the femoral neck, body of the femur, and lumbar spine (L1 and L2) was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant and same-directional correlation between age and AGI for all cases (r=0.234 and p=0.005). The AGI level decreased as the parity increased (r=-0.582 and p<0.001). The AGI level decreased significantly as the menopause duration was prolonged (r=0.288 and p<0.001). While there was no statistically significant correlation between L2-L4 BMD and AGI (p=0.128), as the femur and femoral neck BMD levels increased, the AGI level increased statistically significantly (r=0.330 and p<0.001, r=0.292 and p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The AGI levels in healthy postmenopausal women give preliminary information about their BMD status. A decrease in AGI levels may predict lower BMD in postmenopausal women. Further larger and well-controlled studies may be required to determine the relationship between AGI and BMD in the future.

Study on Anti-inflammatory Effects and Its Mechanism of Water Extract from Inner Mongolia Medicine Agi / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the anti-inflammatory effects of water extract from Inner Mongolia medicine Agi （i. e. the aerial part of Artemisia frigida ），and to preliminarily explore its mechanism. METHODS ：Totally 60 mice were randomly divided into model control group （water），aspirin group （positive control ，0.4 g/kg），Agi water extract high-dose ，medium-dose and low-dose groups （60.0，30.0，15.0 g/kg，by crude medicine ），with 12 mice in each group. After intragastric administration for consecutive 5 d，the ear swelling of mice was induced by 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene. Another 60 mice were grouped and admini- stered by the same way ，and the foot swelling of mice was induced by carrageenan. The ear swelling degree and inhibitory rate ， paw swelling rate were calculated to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Agi water extract. The contents of TNF-α，IL-1β and PGE2 in plantar inflammatory tissue induced by carrageenan in mice were determined by ELISA. The content of MDA was determined by thiobarbituric acid trace method and NO by nitrate reductase method. RESULTS ：Compared with model control group，the degrees of ear swelling of mice were decreased significantly in aspirin group and Agi water extract high-dose ， medium-dose，low-dose groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），and the inhibitory rates of ear swelling were 72.3％，71.1％，52.6％， 36.8％，respectively；the paw swelling rates of mice in aspirin group and Agi high-dose，medium-dose groups were decreased significantly，while those were decreased significantly in Agi water extract low-dose group 0.5 h and 4.0 h after inducing inflammation（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the contents of TNF-α，IL-1β，PGE2，NO and MDA in plantar inflammatory tissue of mice in aspirin group and Agi water extract high-dose ，medium-dose groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：Inner Mongolia medicine Agi water extract has obvious anti-inflammatory effects on ear swelling induced by 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene and paw swelling induced by carrageenan ，and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TNF-α， IL-1β and PGE2 generation，the reduction of NO and MDA excessive release in inflammatory tissues.

O fantasma atuado em narrativas de assassinatos cruéis: uma leitura psicanalítica / The acting out in narratives of heinous crimes of murder: a psychoanalytic reading / El fantasma actuado en narrativas de asesinatos crueles: una lectura psicoanalítica / Le fantasme agi dans les récits de meurtres cruels: une lecture psychanalytique

Este artigo apresenta a proposta de pensar psicanaliticamente a experiência de um suposto leitor frente a algumas narrativas de crimes de assassinatos cruéis contidas no livro Serial Killer: Louco ou Cruel? Trata-se de resultado parcial da dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, sob o título "A narrativa de crimes de assassinatos cruéis: um estudo psicanalítico", que se propôs a investigar as possíveis manifestações inconscientes que podem estar presentes durante a leitura de livros que narram crimes de assassinatos cruéis e expõem diversos casos, dos quais, para o presente artigo, foram escolhidos "O casal letal" e "Theodore Robert Bundy". Inspirando-se, essencialmente, nas ideias de André Green sobre o desligamento e em textos de Freud, lançaram-se duas hipóteses básicas, a saber: (1) a existência de um núcleo comum a esse gênero de narrativas e (2) a presença de um convite à perversão feito pelo escritor ao leitor a partir da escrita dessas narrativas. Concluiu-se que esse núcleo comum de fato existe e que está relacionado não só à "realização" de desejo, o que é quase óbvio, mas também a manifestações inconscientes, tais como a cena originária, a fantasia de espancamento e, finalmente, o complexo da mãe morta.

This article presents the proposal of thinking psychoanalytically the experience of a supposititious reader forward the reading of the book Serial Killer: Louco ou Cruel? that contains some narratives of heinous crimes of murder. This study is the partial result of master's dissertation presented to the Post-graduation program in psychology of Universidade Federal de Maringá with the title "A narrativa de crimes de assassinatos cruéis: um estudo psicanalítico", which aims to investigate the possible unconsciousness manifestations that may be present during the reading of books which tell about heinous crimes of murder and expose many cases, among which, to this article were chosen "O casal letal" and "Theodore Robert Bundy." It was essentially inspired by the André Green's studies presented in "O deslisgamento" and by Freud's texts; this study launches two basic hypotheses: (1) the existence of a common nucleus to this narrative and (2) the presence of an invitation to the perversion done by the writer to the reader from the writing of such narratives. As a conclusion, it is know that there is a common nucleus which is related not only with the wish fulfillment, which is fairly obvious, but also with the unconsciousness manifestations, such as the originary scene, the beating fantasy, and finally, the dead mother complex.

Este artículo presenta la propuesta de pensar psicoanalíticamente la experiencia de un supuesto lector frente a algunas narrativas de crímenes de asesinatos crueles del libro Serial Killer: Loco o Cruel?. Se trata del resultado parcial de la disertación de maestría presentada al programa de posgrado en Psicología de la Universidad Estadual de Maringá con el título: "La narrativa de crímenes de asesinatos crueles: un estudio psicoanalítico", que se propuso investigar las posibles manifestaciones inconscientes que pueden estar presentes en la lectura de libros que narran crímenes de asesinatos crueles y que expone diversos casos de los cuales, para el presente artículo, fueron elegidos "La pareja letal" y "Theodore Robert Bundy". Inspirándose esencialmente en las ideas de André Green sobre el distanciamiento y en textos de Freud, se lanzaron dos hipótesis básicas, a saber: (1) la existencia de un núcleo común a ese género de narrativas y (2) la presencia de una invitación a la perversión hecha del escritor al lector a partir de la escritura de esas narrativas. Se concluyó que ese núcleo común existe de hecho y que está relacionado no solamente con la "realización" del deseo, lo que es casi obvio, sino también con las manifestaciones inconscientes, tales como la escena originaria, la fantasía de paliza, y, finalmente, al complejo de la madre muerta.

Cette étude propose l'analyse psychanalytique d'un lecteur présumé de certains récits de crimes de meurtres horribles, contenue dans le livre Serial Killer: Louco ou cruel? C'est le résultat partiel de la thèse présentée au programme de post-graduation en psychologie de l'Université d' État de Maringá sous le titre A narrativa de crimes de assassinatos cruéis: une étude psychanalytique, qui a le but d'étudier les possibles manifestations inconscientes qui peuvent être présentes lors de la lecture des livres qui raccontent et exposent plusieurs cas des meurtres cruels. Pour examiner dans cet article, on a choisi deux histoires : "O casal letal" et "Theodore Robert Bundy". Pour cela on est inspiré essentiellement par les idées d'André Green à propos de la détachement et par les écrits de Freud. Ainsi, il est lancé deux hypothèses de base, à savoir: (1) l'existence d'un noyau commun à ce genre de récits et (2) la présence d'une invitation à la perversion fait par l'écrivain au lecteur à prtir de l'écriture de ces récits. Donc, on conclut que ce noyau commun existe en fait et qu'il est liée, non seulement à la « réalisation ¼ du désir, ce qui est presque évident, mais aussi aux manifestations inconscientes, comme la scène originaire, le fantasme de fessée et, enfin, le complexe de la mère morte.

Effect of different sampling solutions on viability of bacteriophages / 军事医学科学院院刊

Objective To investigate the endurance or resistance of different bacteriophages to bubbling stress in different sampling solutions,to select the optimum sampling solution from three different ones and to select relatively stress-resistant bacteriophages from five different ones.Methods AGI-10(all glass impinger)was used as the representative for all the impingers that would bubble during operation to fulfill the bubbling experiment.Three different sampling solutions used,such as distilled water(DW),phosphatic buffer solution(PBS),and suspension medium(SM),were divided into two groups by adding olive oil(50 μl) or otherwise(0 μl).The impingers were operated 30 min at a flow rate of 7.0 L/min.The titers of bacteriophages and the volume of final sampling solutions were determined before the corrected survival probability was used to evaluate the stress resistance of several different bacteriophages.Results It was found that the survival probability of the same bacteriophage bubbling with different sampling solutions was different except for bacteriophage F2.The use of SM as the collection fluid was related to a high survival probability which remained unchanged between 50 μl and 0 μl olive oil.The corrected survival probability was 79%,77%,86%,50% and 71% for phage SM701,SM702,PhiX174,EcP1 and F2 respectively after 60 minutes of impingement at a flow rate of 7.0 L/min.Conclusion The endurance or resistance of different kinds of bacteriophages in the same sampling solution is different.SM might be an optimum sampling solution for phages.Bacteriophage SM701,SM702 and PhiX174 are more resistant to bubbling stress than EcP1 and F2.

A Case of Eccrine Chromhidrosis Caused by Silver lodide / 대한피부과학회지

Eccrine chromhidrosis(colored sweating), resulting from the contamination of the sweat by dyes, pigment from microorganisms such as those of Piedraia or Corynebacterium, or other chernicals, is a very rare disease. We report a case of eccrine chromhidrosis which revealed dark-brown colored pigmented spots analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray microassay and scanning electron microscopy, which were thought to be composed of silver iodide(AgI) formed by the conjugation of silver components from outside and iodide components of eccrine sweat, on the face, postauricular area, legs, and finger tips.