RESUMEN
Background: Worldwide cervical cancer comprises approximately 12% of all cancers in women with 122,844 new casesreported annually in India. Cervical cancer progresses slowly for a decade as it is preceded by intraepithelial histologicalchanges, visual inspection aided by acetic acid test (VIA), Pap smear, and colposcopy can be utilized as a tool for cytologicalanalysis of cervix, early identification of risk factors and preinvasive lesions of cervix and hence early diagnosis and treatmentof cervical cancer even in rural areas.Objectives: The objectives are as follows: (1) To compare VIA with Pap smear in detecting premalignant lesions of cervix,(2) to correlate VIA and Pap smear findings with colposcopic findings, and (3) to localize the lesion by colposcopy and obtainbiopsy wherever necessary.Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 200 women attending the Gynecology Outpatient Department at BLDE (deemedto be university) Shri B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Vijayapura, between October 2016 and August2018 was included in the study.Results: The incidence of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix was 7%. Cervical cytology was normal in 16%,inflammatory in 77.5%, ASCUS in 4%, LSIL in 1.5%, HSIL in 0.5%, and squamous cell carcinoma in 0.5%. XII Maximum numberof patients with ASCUS and LSIL was in the age group of 35–39 years and 40–44 years and HSIL and squamous cell carcinomaoccurred in the age group of 25–29 years and 30–34 years, respectively. ASCUS, LSIL, and HSIL were seen in parity 3–5 andmalignancy in parity >3 observed mostly in low socioeconomic status. All abnormal Pap smears mainly presented with whitedischarge PV, pain abdomen and with irregular PV bleeding as the second most common and erosion and cervicitis as themost common clinical picture. Cervical biopsy confirmed HSIL and invasive carcinoma cytology.Conclusion: In India, cytology, a low cost and easily accessible test, is the most logical screening modality although it has verylow sensitivity, detection rates could be further improved using liquid-based cytology and the use of endocervical cytobrush.
RESUMEN
Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl is a species of the family Meniespermaceae known as Milona, which extracts showed low toxicity and several pharmacological activities as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic or anti-depressive. In the present study two classic analgesia models in mice were used to evaluate the hydroalcoholic extract of C. sympodialis leaves (HAECs) at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p. In the test of writhing by acetic acid HAECs- treatment induced a significant reduction in the number of abdominal contortions in a dose-dependent manner (p <0,05). In the formalin test, HAECs-200 mg/kg induced a significant inhibition of the second phase (15-30 minutes) (p <0,05). Results suggest that the HAECs presented outlying antinociceptive peripheral activity probably related with the alleged anti-inflammatory proprieties of extracts of this plant.
Existen varios estudios que evidencian que la Cissampelos sympodialis posee atividad anti-inflamatoria, antialérgica, antidepresiva y de baja toxicidad. Este estudio evaluó los efectos de la administración intraperitoneal, del extracto hidroalcohólico de hojas de cissampelos sympodialis (EHACS), en las dosis de 50, 100 y 200 mg/Kg, en modelos de analgesia en camumdongos. En el modelo de las contracciones inducidas por el ácido acético (0,85 por ciento) fue encontrada una reducción en el número de contracciones proporcional a las dosis usadas (p<0,05). En el test de la reacción al formaldeído las dosis utilizadas no presentaron efecto significante en la primera fase del test (0-5 minutos). Sin embargo, la dosis de 200mg/Kg presentó una significante inhibición en la segunda fase (15 30 minutos) del test (p<0,05). Los resultados mostraron que el EHACS presentó una actividad antinociceptiva periférica probablemente relacionada con la alegada actividad anti-inflamatoria.