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Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is described by the clustering of several risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and high fasting plasma glucose. The prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide and previous studies have shown that MS and CVD are more common in women above 55 years of age in the post menopausal phase. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and adiposity indices as predictors and the related risk factors among Bangladeshi women. Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and was conducted in the Outpatient departments of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from May, 2022 to October, 2022. There was total 300 women (150 Premenopausal & 150 Postmenopausal) in our study. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure and relevant adiposity indices (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR &VAI) were determined using standard protocols. To analyze the correlation of WC,WHR, WHtR, BMI and VAI with MS Spearmann test was used. Results: Metabolic syndrome was presented in 61.58% respondents and it was more prevalent among postmenopausal (69.09 %) as compared to premenopausal (51.25 %) women. Prevalence of high blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, and high triglyceride were significantly higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. However, prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Conclusion: In our study we found a high prevalence of MS in post-menopausal women which was significantly higher than pre-menopausal women. Low HDL cholesterol, elevated fasting blood glucose, and high blood pressures were the most frequent features in comparison to the others.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the association between lifestyle-related behavior patterns and weight status indicators in schoolchildren. METHODS: Cross-sectional study includes nationally representative sample of Portuguese school children (69yearsold;n= 10,258). Weight status was assessed using the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Principal component analysis was used to identify lifestyle-related behavior patterns. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the association between behavior patterns, BMI, and WC.RESULTS: Six lifestyle-related behavior patterns were identified: pattern 1: consuming iced tea and soft drinks≥2 times/week, having a television (TV) in the bedroom, watching TV≥2 h/day, and consuming <2 portions of fruits/day; pattern 2: parents and children remaining physically inactive during leisure time; pattern 3: consuming≤1 portion of vegetables and milk/day; pattern 4: having parents with excess weight; pattern 5: consuming≤3daily meals and skipping breakfast; and pattern 6: not participating in physical education classes. After the adjustment, all of the patterns were associated with increased BMIz-score (P≤0.02) and WC (P≤0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle-related behavior patterns were associated with an increased risk of excess weight and the central distribution of body fat. Taking a public health perspective toward preventing childhood obesity, special attention should be given to identify subgroups with simultaneous occurrence of multiple risk behaviors, which is useful for planning prevention programs.