Recreio e adolescências: as práticas de lazer na escola / Recess and adolescences: leisure practices in school / Recreo y adolescencias: prácticas de ocio en la escuela

A presente pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, tem como objetivo investigar as experiências de adolescentes no recreio de uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental, para compreender as condições, as relações sociais, as necessidades, os desejos e os sentidos atribuídos a esse tempo pelos sujeitos. A pesquisa envolveu um questionário e uma entrevista semiestruturada, e desvelou uma proposta da escola limitada a restrições de atividades e espaços, questionada e ressignificada pelos adolescentes, que reivindicam mudanças. Os achados, em diálogo com a literatura acadêmica, questionam o processo de constituição, planejamento e mediação do recreio escolar e o seu sentido na formação humana dos sujeitos (AU).

The present qualitative research aimed to investigate the experiences of adolescents during the recess time in a Brazilian public school, to understand the conditions, social relations, needs, desires and meanings attributed to that time by the subjects. The research involved an online questionnaire and a semi-structured interview and revealed a school proposal limited to restrictions on activities and spaces, which is questioned and re-signified by the adolescents, who demand changes. The findings, in dialogue with the academic literature, question the process of constitution, planning and mediation of school recess and its meaning in the education of the subjects (AU)

La presente investigación, de naturaleza cualitativa, tuvo como objetivo investigar las experiencias de adolescentes en el recreo de una escuela pública para comprender las condiciones, las relaciones sociales, las necesidades, los deseos y los significados atribuidos a ese momento por los sujetos. La investigación involucró un cuestionario y una entrevista semiestructurada, y reveló una propuesta escolar limitada a restricciones de actividades y espacios, que es cuestionada y resignificada por los adolescentes, que exigen cambios. Los hallazgos, en diálogo con la literatura académica, cuestionan el proceso de constitución, planificación y mediación del recreo escolar y su significado en la formación humana de los sujeto (AU).

Recreio e adolescências: as práticas de lazer na escola / Recess and adolescences: leisure practices in school / Recreo y adolescencias: prácticas de ocio en la escuela

A presente pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, tem como objetivo investigar as experiências de adolescentes no recreio de uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental, para compreender as condições, as relações sociais, as necessidades, os desejos e os sentidos atribuídos a esse tempo pelos sujeitos. A pesquisa envolveu um questionário e uma entrevista semiestruturada, e desvelou uma proposta da escola limitada a restrições de atividades e espaços, questionada e ressignificada pelos adolescentes, que reivindicam mudanças. Os achados, em diálogo com a literatura acadêmica, questionam o processo de constituição, planejamento e mediação do recreio escolar e o seu sentido na formação humana dos sujeitos.

The present qualitative research aimed to investigate the experiences of adolescents during the recess time in a Brazilian public school, to understand the conditions, social relations, needs, desires and meanings attributed to that time by the subjects. The research involved an online questionnaire and a semi-structured interview and revealed a school proposal limited to restrictions on activities and spaces, which is questioned and re-signified by the adolescents, who demand changes. The findings, in dialogue with the academic literature, question the process of constitution, planning and mediation of school recess and its meaning in the education of the subjects.

La presente investigación, de naturaleza cualitativa, tuvo como objetivo investigar las experiencias de adolescentes en el recreo de una escuela pública para comprender las condiciones, las relaciones sociales, las necesidades, los deseos y los significados atribuidos a ese momento por los sujetos. La investigación involucró un cuestionario y una entrevista semiestructurada, y reveló una propuesta escolar limitada a restricciones de actividades y espacios, que es cuestionada y resignificada por los adolescentes, que exigen cambios. Los hallazgos, en diálogo con la literatura académica, cuestionan el proceso de constitución, planificación y mediación del recreo escolar y su significado en la formación humana de los sujetos.

Trajetórias e narrativas de adolescentes envolvidos com a criminalidade: os objetos e suas formas de aproximação em transdisciplinaridade / Trajectories and narratives from adolescents involved in criminality: objects and approaching procedures in transdisciplinarity / Trayectorias y narrativas de adolescentes involucrados con la criminalidad: los objetos y sus formas de aproximación en transdisciplinariedad

Este trabalho tem por objetivo mapear alguns dos conceitos que servem de fundamentação teórica para a pesquisa Curso de vida e trajetória delinquencial: um estudo exploratório dos eventos e narrativas de jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade (IEAT/UFMG). Partimos de uma breve conceituação dos objetos da pesquisa, a saber, adolescências, violência e criminalidade, para então chegarmos às formas de apreensão escolhidas, tendo como referência os campos da psicanálise, a partir da noção de narrativas, e o da sociologia, a partir da trajetória. Por fim, realizamos uma breve consideração acerca do desafio epistemológico de se construir tais conceitos em uma abordagem transdisciplinar.

This work aims to explore some of the concepts that establish the theoretical foundation for the research "Life course and criminal trajectory: an exploratory study of events and narratives of socially vulnerable adolescents" (IEAT/UFMG). We start from a short description of our research objects, namely, adolescence, violence and criminality so as to reach the chosen approaching methods (narrative and trajectory) having as reference the field of psychoanalysis, based on the idea of narratives and sociology, based on the idea of trajectory. At last, we state brief comments on the epistemological challenge of developing these concepts through a transdisciplinary perspective.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mapear algunos de los conceptos que sirven de fundamentación teórica para la investigación "Curso de vida y trayectoria delincuencial: un estudio exploratorio de los eventos y narrativas de jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad" (IEAT/UFMG). Partimos de la breve conceptualización de los objetos de la investigación, a saber, adolescencias, violencia y criminalidad, para entonces llegar a las respectivas formas de aprehensión escogidas, teniendo como referencia los campos del psicoanálisis, a partir de la noción de narrativas, y el de la sociología a partir de la trayectoria. Por último, realizamos una breve consideración acerca del desafío epistemológico de construir tales conceptos en un enfoque transdisciplinario.

Disease burden on falls among 0-19 years old population in China, in 1990 and 2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To analyze and compare the disease burden of falls in Chinese population aged 0-19, in 1990 and 2017.@*Methods@#Indicators including number of deaths, mortality rates, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted of life years (DALY), on falls, were gathered from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 and used to describe the disease burden and corresponding parameters on falls, between 1990 and 2017, in China.@*Results@#In 2017, number of death, YLLs, YLDs, DALYs caused by falls were 5 321, 0.43 million person years, 0.14 million person years and 0.57 million person years respectively, among aged 0-19 group. Rates on standardized mortality, YLLs, YLDs and DALYs on falls were 1.76/100 000, 141.49/100 000, 46.99/100 000, and 188.48/100 000, respectively. The burden of falls decreased with the increase of age. Compared with 1990, disease burden of falls decreased in all age groups, both in male and female, with more seen in the lower age groups. Compared with 1990, the number of deaths, rates on YLLs, YLDs and DALYs caused by falls decreased by 65.08%, 46.63%, 47.38% and 36.33% respectively, in 2017. However, the YLDs rate increased by 73.31% between 1990 and 2017. The ratio of YLLs to DALYs decreased from 90.84% in 1990 to 75.07% in 2017, with a proportion as 17.36%.@*Conclusion@#Compared with 1990, although the disease burden of falls among aged 0-19 group showed a decreasing trend, falls still caused serious disease burden for the aged 0-19 group. Research that targeting prevention on falls, should be continued.

Serviço de Acolhimento Institucional para Crianças e Adolescentes: feedback effects, inflexões e desafios atuais / Servicio de Acogimiento Institucional para Niños y Adolescentes: efectos de retroalimentación, inflexiones y retos actuales / Home services for children and adolescents: feedback effects, reflections, and current challenges

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é investigar, da perspectiva do institucionalismo histórico, a evolução histórica e a configuração atual do Serviço de Acolhimento Institucional para Crianças e Adolescentes em situação de risco. Argumenta-se que decisões prévias, por favorecerem o desenvolvimento de certas capacidades estatais em detrimento de outras, influenciam decisões correntes, explicando a dificuldade de mudança no curso das políticas. A análise mostra que escolhas feitas na Era Vargas prejudicaram a implementação de inovações do Código de Menores de 1979 e do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), de 1990, até meados da década de 2000, quando a burocracia estatal na área da assistência foi fortalecida. A empiria utilizada são os dados do Censo Suas 2014 e as normativas que têm estruturado, desde o início do século XX, as políticas de assistência social e de atenção à criança e ao adolescente.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio es investigar, de la perspectiva del institucionalismo histórico, el desarrollo histórico y la configuración actual del Servicio de Acogimiento Institucional para los Niños y Adolescentes en situación de riesgo. Se argumenta que, al favorecer el desarrollo de ciertas habilidades a expensas de la otra, las decisiones anteriores influyen en las decisiones actuales, lo que explica la dificultad de cambio en el curso de la política. El análisis muestra que las decisiones tomadas en el estado Vargas minaron la aplicación de las innovaciones establecidas por el Código de Menores de 1979 y el Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), de 1990, hasta mediados de 2000, cuando se fortalece la burocracia estatal de asistencia social. El empírica utilizada son los registros del Censo Suas 2014 y las normas que se estructuran a partir de principios del siglo XX, las políticas de asistencia social y la atención a los niños y adolescentes.

Abstract The objective of the study is to investigate, through a historical and institutional perspective, the historical development and current configuration of the Institutional Care Service for Children and Adolescents at risk. It is argued that, by favoring the development of certain skills at the expense of others, previous decisions have influenced current decisions, explaining the difficulty of changing the course of policy. The analysis shows that choices made in the Vargas Era undermined the implementation of innovations established by the Código de 1979 and the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) (1990) up until the mid-2000s when the bureaucracy of state social assistance was strengthened. The empirical data used are found in the Censo Suas 2014 and the regulations that, from the early twentieth century, have been structured in child and adolescent social assistance policies.

Como se define a autonomia? O perfil discriminante em adolescentes gaúchos / How you define autonomy? A discriminant profile in gaucho (brazilian) teenagers / ¿Como se define la autonomía? El perfil discriminante en adolescentes gaúchos

A autonomia é uma habilidade relacional que se desenvolve durante toda a vida. Mas é na adolescência que essa capacidade é vista como uma tarefa desenvolvimental e socialmente esperada para a transição para vida adulta. Estudos demonstram que a autonomia adolescente é influenciada por variáveis individuais, contextuais e familiares. Mas como essas variáveis diferenciam maiores e menores níveis de autonomia em jovens? Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi o de construiu um perfil discriminante para compreender Altos e Baixos níveis de autonomia em 375 adolescentes gaúchos. Foram incluídas variáveis contextuais, valores parentais, estilos educativos e a legitimidade da autoridade parental. A amostra era composta, em sua maioria, de meninas (66%), alunas de escolas públicas (51%), de 14 a 18 anos, moradoras da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre (78%), vindas de famílias intactas (73%). Obteve-se uma função discriminante entre altos e baixos níveis de autonomia, agrupando significativamente a idade, variáveis indicadoras de um bom relacionamento parental, o valor "autonomia" e o selfrelacional na família a favor do grupo de maior autonomia. Maior obediência e o valor "família" foram agrupados em favor do grupo de menor autonomia. Os resultados corroboram a multifluência desse construto e a relevância do relacionamento parental para seu desenvolvimento. Reflexões sobre o papel da família no desenvolvimento saudável da autonomia foram discutidas...

Autonomy is a relational skill that is developed throughout life. But it's during adolescence that this ability is seen as a developmental task as well as socially expected as part of the transition to adulthood. Studies show that adolescent's autonomy is influenced by individual, contextual and family variables. But how these variables differ higher and lower levels of autonomy in youth? The objective of this study was to build a discriminant profile to understand High and Low levels of autonomy in 375 teenagers from Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. Contextual variables, parental values, parenting styles and the legitimacy of parental authority were included. The sample was mostly composed by girls (66%), students from public schools (51%), from 14 to 18 years old, residents of Porto Alegre's metropolitan region (78%), and from intact families (73%). A discriminant function was obtained between higher and lower levels of autonomy, significantly grouping age, variables indicating a good parental relationship, the value "autonomy" and the relational self in the family in favor of the group with higher levels of autonomy. Higher levels of obedience and the value "family" were grouped to distinguish the group with lower levels of autonomy. The results corroborate the multinfluence of this construct and the relevance of the parental relationship for its development. Reflections on the role of the family on the healthy development of autonomy were discussed...

La autonomía es una habilidad relacional que se desarrolla durante toda la vida. Sin embargo, es durante la adolescencia que esta capacidad se ve como una tarea de desarrollo y socialmente esperado para la transición a la edad adulta. Los estudios demuestran que la autonomía de los adolescentes está influenciada por características individuales, además de las variables familiares y contextuales. Pero, ¿el cuánto tales variables son responsables por diferenciar los niveles más altos y más bajos de la autonomía en los jóvenes? El objetivo de este estudio fue describir perfiles que discriminan altos y bajos niveles de autonomía de 375 adolescentes gauchos. Se incluyeron las variables contextuales, los valores paternos, estilos educativos y la legitimidad de la autoridad parental. La muestra se compone sobre todo de las niñas (66%), estudiantes de escuelas públicas (51%), entre 14 e 18 años, que viven en la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre (78%), de familias intactas (73%). Se obtuvo una función discriminante entre los niveles altos y bajos de la autonomía. El perfil de más alto nivel de autonomía se ha discriminado significativamente a partir de las variables edad, las que indicaban buena relación con los padres, el valor familiar de "autonomía" y el self relacional. Valores de "obediencia" y "familia" se agruparon en favor del grupo de menos autonomía. Los resultados corroboran la multinfluencia del constructo y la importancia de la relación con los padres para su desarrollo. Se discutieron reflexiones sobre el papel de la familia en el desarrollo de la autonomía...

Etat limite, adolescence, cannabis et cocaïne / State limits, adolescence, cannabis and cocaine

Les adolescents ont une appétence marquée pour les substances psychoactives. Certains, selon leur personnalité, vont aux limites de leur structure psychique. Dans la clinique, nous voyons bien souvent des états limites se révéler, bien distincts des usuelles adolescences problématiques. Les substances stupéfiantes, utilisées dans un premier temps comme anxiolytiques, deviennent vite source d'angoisse, et parfois mettant à jour des sujets en état limite.

Borderline, teenagers, cannabis and cocaine. Teenagers are fond of psychoactive products. Somme of them, according to their personality, go to the limits of their psychic structure. In the practical field, we can often observe the revealing of borderline states, very different from the usual problematic teenagers. Psychoactive substances, used for the first time as anxiolytics, become quickly a cause of anxiety, therefore revealing the subjects in borderline states.

A Study on the Children's Eating Habits and Food Preference according to Their Parents' Economic Status (II): Seoul & Gyeonggi (Incheon) Area

This study was conducted to investigate the main and side dish preference of food with 681 children (145 of kindergarten, 300 of children, 236 of adolescences) in Seoul and Gyeonggi area using questionnaires. Regarding preference of the staple foods, it was shown that all group had the highest preferences for boiled rice, The kindergarten period prefer Jajangmyen the most, children and adolescences like spaghetti (p < 0.05). For breads, the kindergarten preferred cakes the most, the middle years and the adolescences preferred pizza. Regarding preference of soups, it represents the kindergarten liked seaweed soup, the children and adolescences liked sollongt'ang (p < 0.05). For pot stew, the kindergarten preferred bean-paste pot stew the most, the children with parents' income level less than 4 million won preferred Kim-chi stew, the middle years with parents' income level equal or greater than 4 million won preferred beanpaste pot stew and all adolescences preferred Kim-chi pot stew (p < 0.05). Stewed beef with soy sauce was preferred the most by all ages. For pan-fried foods, the kindergarten with parents' income level less than 4 million won preferred pan-fried spicy port the most, the kindergarten with parents' income level equal or greater than 4 million won preferred pan-fried anchovy the middle years preferred pan-fried spicy pork, the adolescences with parents' income level less than 4 million won preferred pan fried Kim-chi the most (p < 0.05). And for vegetable dish, all age groups preferred seasoned bean sprouts and Chinese cabbage Kim-chi the most which they can easily see on their tables.

Infâncias, adolescências e AIDS / Childhood, adolescence and AIDS

A epidemia da AIDS atinge crianças e adolescentes, demandando da sociedade a busca de respostas para seu cuidado, educação e saúde. Inúmeras ações, instituições e discursos começaram a emergir em nossa cultura, produzindo "verdades" sobre essa população. Utilizando o referencial teórico de Michael Foucault e dos estudos culturais, realizei um estudo com o objetivo de problematizar discursos sobre infância, adolescência e AIDS. Os resultados indicam que, nas práticas discursivas e não discursivas relativas às casas de apoio, sexualidade e revelação do diagnóstico, emergem modos de conceber a infância, a adolescência e a AIDS que vão "inventando" as crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS. E que estes passam a narrar-se, a construir uma experiência de si mesmos através desses dispositivos que produzem subjetividades e que funcionam como uma tecnologia do eu. As discussões deste trabalho sinalizam para a necessidade de reflexão e revisão das práticas nessa área.

The AIDS epidemic reaches children and adolescents, demanding from the society the search for answers to their care, education and health. Innumerable actions, institutions and discourses had started to emerge in our culture, producing "truths" about this population. Using the theoretical referential of Michael Foucault and the cultural studies I carried through a study with the objective of debate the discourses about childhood, adolescence and AIDS. The results indicate that, from the discourse practices and other ones related to support homes, sexuality and diagnosis' revelation, ways to conceive childhood, adolescence and AIDS emerge, "inventing" the children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. Also, these children and adolescents start to narrate themselves, and construct an experience of themselves through these devices that produce subjectivities, which function as a technology of the self. The discussions in this work point to the necessity of reflection and a review of the practices in this area.

Design and Evaluation of the Program on the Internet for Sexuality Education of Adolescences / 여성건강간호학회지

Sexuality education in the period of adolescents need much care and attention. The programs of sexual education through the Internet are excellent resources for adolescents to gain the information related to their sexual health. And systematic program which is necessary for adolescents to manage their sexual health has been rarely found in Korea. The purpose of this study was to offer valuable database for program design and evaluation on sexual education of middle school students through the Internet. Needs assessment for the information of sexual education on the internet among middle school students were carried out. A questionnaire survey was conducted with respondents of 602 middle school students from January to March in 2002. In the sexual counseling center for middle school students, counseling cases through internet were analyzed and evaluated from October, 2001 to September, 2002, We have selected 16 Sexual educational websites in Seoul confirmed Korean Educational Human Resource. Contents which was illustrated in 16 sexual educational websites were analyzed and evaluated by 12 sexual counselors. Design and evaluation of the program on the internet for sexuality education of adolescences was conducted on the basis of this study results by middle school expert teachers, sexual counselors, sexuality education professionals. Data was statistically analyzed using dBSTAT 4.0 for Windows.The extent and phase of the teaching-learning program of the sexuality education on the internet was seen as follows :1. We evaluated to need for sexuality education on the internet by middle school student.2. We assessed the properness of sexuality education curriculum on the internet frequently used by middle school students.3. We designed teaching strategy and learning program for sexuality education of the middle school students. 4. We developed the assessment method for the teaching-learning program of the sexuality education in adolescences on the internet.Middle school students responded that sexual education through Internet is needed in the order of programs related to acquaintances with opposite sex, Sexual culture and ethics, Sexual health, Reproductive health structure and development, Marriage and family, Psychology of Sexuality, Pregnancy and birth. In the internet counseling, cases on the 'reproductive health structure and development' was ranked as the top. In short we have found the most needs as follows; Meaning of the marriage life and having family, Sexes and Love, Human relation, Sexual Culture.We recommend as follows on the basis of this study results: 1. It is necessary for sexuality education program on the internet to specify acccording to age and target the specific individual needs. 2. Sexual educators have to employ various educational materials such as flash, cartoon, multimedia in order to provide effective sexuality education. 3. Internet based sex education need to be evaluated regularly through reassessment of the effectiveness of sexuality education for content quality and richness.

Reliability and Validity of Chinese Version of Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire in Adolescents / 中国临床心理学杂志

0.40); ②The result of EFA had four factors: physical aggression, anger, hostility and substitution aggression. The range of factor loading was between 0.51 and 0.75; ③The Chinese version of BPAQ had a satisfactory reliability with a 0.92 test-retest reliability and the Cronbach’s ? was 0.84; ④There was significant gender difference in physical aggression, substitution aggression and the total aggression. Conclusion: The Chinese version of BPAQ is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring aggression of adolescents.