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Introduction: there is evidence that multidisciplinary interventions are an efficient approach to achieving weight loss and other health-related goals. However, dropout rates of these programs are high among adolescents. The suggestion is that understanding the motivation of individuals to participate in these projects is fundamental to developing strategies for permanence and, consequently, promoting better results.Objective: the main aim of this study was to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion project.Methods: this qualitative study was conducted from March to July 2021 using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed means by the software QSR NVivo 11 by grouping the speech into clusters. These, in turn, were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation, (2) food, and (3) physical exercise.Results: the age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4 years old, with body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had a monthly payment of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding parents' educational level, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondent's answers, weight loss was the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced.Conclusion: the results describe the motivation of overweight adolescents to participate in a multidisciplinary program, in addition to elucidating participants' perception of their health and related habits, strategies for health promotion, and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.
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Introduction: the perception of individuals about their own health is a strong indicator of their real state, as well as their behaviors related to the prognosis in case of presence of pathologies, besides being proportional to their motivations to acquire healthy habits. Objective: to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents when participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion program and their perceptions about habits related to physical and emotional well-being. Methods: this is a qualitative study, using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed with the help of the software QSR NVivo 11 through grouping of the speech into clusters. These in turn were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation; (2) food; and (3) physical exercise. Results: the average age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4, with an average body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had monthly income of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding the educational level of parents, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondents' answers, the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program was weight loss. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced. Conclusion: the results prove the importance of understanding the perception of adolescents about their own health and related habits, in order to elaborate effective strategies for health promotion and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.
Introdução: a percepção dos indivíduos a respeito da própria saúde é um forte indicador do seu real estado, bem como dos seus comportamentos relativos ao prognóstico em caso de presença de patologias, além de ser proporcional às suas motivações para adquirir hábitos saudáveis. Objetivo: descrever as motivações de adolescentes acima do peso ao participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção da saúde e suas percepções a respeito de hábitos relacionados ao bem estar físico e emocional. Métodos: trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com emprego da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A ferramenta utilizada para coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada, analisada com auxílio do software QSR NVivo 11 através de agrupamento das falas em clusters. Esses por sua vez foram avaliados em três categorias: (1) motivação; (2) alimentação; e (3) exercício físico. Resultados: a idade média dos participantes foi de 13,8 ± 2,4, com índice de massa corporal médio de 31,8 kg/m² ± 8,5. Em relação à renda familiar, 41,66% apresentaram renda mensal de 3 a 6 salários mínimos. No que tange à escolaridade dos responsáveis, 70,83% das mães possuíam o ensino superior completo, enquanto 29,16% possuíam ensino médio completo. De acordo com as respostas dos entrevistados a maior motivação para participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de tratamento da obesidade foi o emagrecimento. Já na categoria 2 observou-se que os adolescentes associaram o ato de comer com sentimentos como a ansiedade e o nervosismo. Na categoria 3, constatou-se o impacto da pandemia sob as modalidades de exercício físico praticados. Conclusão: os resultados comprovam a importância de entender a percepção dos adolescentes a respeito da própria saúde e hábitos relacionados, a fim de elaborar de estratégias efetivas para promoção da saúde e consequente, melhoria da qualidade de vida desses indivíduos.
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Objetivo: analisar os significados da prática da automutilação na adolescência na perspectiva de adolescentes, seus responsáveis e profissionais de saúde. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 7 adolescentes, 20 responsáveis e 6 profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil da região central do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais, com os responsáveis e profissionais, e grupo focal com os adolescentes. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiu a categoria temática "Significados da automutilação", contemplando sete subcategorias: "Psicopatologia"; "Comunicação social"; "Identificação de pares"; "Regular emoções"; "Sentimentos gerados"; "Intencionalidade da ação" e "Dependência". Conclusão: há uma desconexão dos significados atribuídos à automutilação pelos adolescentes, responsáveis legais e profissionais. Os diferentes significados na compreensão da automutilação podem interferir na assertividade do cuidado ofertado pelos profissionais aos adolescentes, e na percepção dos responsáveis legais de que é necessário buscar ajuda, assim como na motivação dos adolescentes em aderir ao atendimento.
Objective: to analyze the meanings of the practice of self-harm in adolescence from the perspective of adolescents, their legal guardians and health professionals. Methods:descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study. Participants were 7 adolescents, 20 legal guardians and 6 professionals from a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents in the central region of Brazil. Data were collected through individual interviews with guardians and professionals, and focus groups with adolescents. Thematic content analysis was used in data analysis. Results: the thematic category "Meanings of self-harm" emerged, covering seven subcategories: "Psychopathology"; "Social communication"; "Peer identification"; "Regulating emotions"; "Generated feelings"; "Intentionality of action" and "Dependency". Conclusion: there is a disconnection of the meanings attributed to self-harm by adolescents, legal guardians and professionals. The different meanings in the understanding of self-harm can interfere with the assertiveness of the care offered by professionals to adolescents, in the perception of legal guardians regarding the need to seek help, and in adolescents' motivation to adherence to care.
Objetivo: analizar los significados de la práctica de autolesiones en la adolescencia en la perspectiva de los adolescentes, sus tutores legales y profesionales de la salud. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, cualitativo. Participaron 7 adolescentes, 20 tutores legales y 6 profesionales de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial a Niños y Adolescentes de la región central de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales con tutores y profesionales, y grupos focales con adolescentes. En el análisis de datos se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: surgió la categoría temática "Significados de la autolesión", que abarca siete subcategorías: "Psicopatología"; "Comunicación social"; "Identificación de pares"; "Regular las emociones"; "Sentimientos generados"; "Intencionalidad de la acción" y "Dependencia". Conclusión: hay una desconexión de los significados atribuidos a la autolesión por los adolescentes, tutores legales y profesionales. Los diferentes significados en la comprensión de la autolesión pueden interferir en la asertividad del cuidado ofrecido por los profesionales a los adolescentes, en la percepción de los tutores legales sobre la necesidad de buscar ayuda y en la motivación de los adolescentes para la adhesión al cuidado
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Automutilación , Servicios Comunitarios de Salud Mental , Salud Mental , Salud del AdolescenteRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the independent and combined effects of lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration and food intake, in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional school-based study, with the participation of 306 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. A questionnaire was applied with structured questions to collect lifestyle behaviors data. Perception of the HRQoL was identified using the Kidscreen-27. The study used covariance analysis and linear regression models for statistical analysis. Results: Adolescents who reported ≤ 2 hours/day of screen-based sedentary behavior and sleep duration equivalent to 8-10 hours/night presented significantly higher HRQoL. Adolescents who reported joint adherence ≥ 3 healthy lifestyle behaviors demonstrated approximately two [OR=2.12] to three times [OR=3.04] more chance of presenting higher perceptions of HRQoL. Conclusion: Although healthy lifestyle behaviors had a positive independent effect on HRQoL, joint adherence to healthy behaviors enhances the cumulative effect.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar los efectos individuales y combinados de conductas del estilo de vida, incluyendo actividad física, conducta sedentaria, sueño y ingestión de alimentos, en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS) de adolescentes brasileños. Métodos: Estudio observacional de base escolar, con participación de 306 adolescentes de 14 a 18 años. Fue aplicada encuesta con cuestiones estructuradas para recoger datos de conductas del estilo de vida. Percepción de la CVRS fue identificada por medio del Kidscreen-27. Análisis de covarianza y modelos de regresión linear fueron usados para análisis estadístico. Resultados: Adolescentes que apuntaron ≤ 2 horas/día de conducta sedentaria basado en pantalla y duración de sueño entre 8-10 horas/noche tuvieron CVRS significativamente más elevada. Adolescentes que relataron adherencia conjunta ≥ 3 conductas saludables del estilo de vida demostraron aproximadamente de dos [OR=2,12] a tres veces [OR=3,04] más chance de presentar percepciones más elevadas de CVRS. Conclusión: Aunque conductas saludables del estilo de vida resulten en efecto individual positivo sobre la CVRS, adherencia conjunta de conductas saludables potencializa el efecto acumulativo.
RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos individual e combinado de condutas do estilo de vida, incluindo atividade física, comportamento sedentário, sono e consumo alimentar, na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de adolescentes brasileiros. Métodos: Estudo observacional de base escolar, com participação de 306 adolescentes de 14 a 18 anos. Foi aplicado questionário com questões estruturadas para levantar dados de condutas do estilo de vida. Percepção da QVRS foi identificada por meio do Kidscreen-27. Análise de covariância e modelos de regressão linear foram usados para análise estatística. Resultados: Adolescentes que apontaram ≤ 2 horas/dia de comportamento sedentário baseado em tela e duração de sono entre 8-10 horas/noite apresentaram QVRS significativamente mais elevada. Adolescentes que relataram adesão conjunta ≥ 3 condutas saudáveis do estilo de vida demonstraram aproximadamente de duas [OR=2,12] a três vezes [OR=3,04] mais chance de apresentarem percepções mais elevadas de QVRS. Conclusão: Embora condutas saudáveis do estilo de vida apresentaram efeito individual positivo sobre a QVRS, adesão conjunta de condutas saudáveis potencializaram o efeito cumulativo.
RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a social skills training program to reduce prejudice against sexual diversity. Method A total of 22 adolescents aged between 14 and 17 years who were 9th grade public school students, participated. The assessment instruments were the Social Skills Inventory for adolescents and the Scale of Prejudice Against Sexual and Gender Diversity. Both instruments were applied before and after training. Results The results indicated a significant reduction in the levels of prejudice against sexual and gender diversity, an increase in the frequency of the issuance of skills related to assertiveness, an affective approach and social resourcefulness and a decrease in the difficulties related to civility. Conclusion The social skills training program proved to be effective, indicating that this is a viable tool for greater acceptance of sexual and gender diversity.
Verificar a efetividade de um programa de treinamento de habilidades sociais na redução do preconceito contra a diversidade sexual. Método: Participaram 22 adolescentes com idades entre 14 e 17 anos, estudantes do 9º ano de escola pública. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais para adolescentes e a Escala de Preconceito contra a Diversidade Sexual e de Gênero. Ambas aplicadas antes e após o treinamento. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram a redução significativa nos níveis de preconceito contra a diversidade sexual e de gênero, aumento da frequência da emissão de habilidades relacionadas à assertividade, abordagem afetiva e desenvoltura social e diminuição das dificuldades alusivas à civilidade. Conclusão: O programa de treinamento de habilidades sociais se mostrou eficaz indicando que esta é uma ferramenta viável para uma maior aceitação da diversidade sexual e de gênero.
Asunto(s)
Conducta del Adolescente , Homofobia , Sexismo , Habilidades Sociales , Diversidad de GéneroRESUMEN
Introducción: lograr la interacción entre los equipos de salud y la educación, es fundamental para generar futuras generaciones con conocimientos y destrezas que les permitan cuidar su salud, la de sus familias y comunidades. Durante la edad escolar se desarrollan gran parte de las preferencias, costumbres y estilos personales. Objetivo: conocer los hábitos, conductas y prácticas de las niñas, niños y adolescentes de quinto y sexto año de tres instituciones educativas públicas y tres privadas de Montevideo para realizar un diagnóstico de situación que permita planificar una intervención posterior. Material y método: estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal entre octubre y diciembre 2017. Se aplicó una encuesta anónima a escolares de quinto y sexto año de tres instituciones públicas y tres privadas de los barrios Paso de la Arena, Prado y Colón. Se solicitó consentimiento informado y autorización al comité de investigación institucional. Se utilizaron frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: participaron 331 escolares, 73,1% del sector público y el 26,9% del privado. En la merienda escolar, 46% consume merienda casera y 75% comprada. El 53% no consume alimentos UP en el recreo. En el hogar un 50% come frutas y un 35% come verduras todos los días, un 64,3% consume carne UP hasta 3 veces por semana. Si bien un 48,3% refiere correr todos los días, casi cuatro de cada diez nunca bailan, patinan o andan en bicicleta y dos de cada diez nunca practican deportes. El 65% destina más de 2 horas a las pantallas, 2 de cada 10 duermen menos de 6 horas y más del 50% usan el celular o miran televisión antes de dormir. Se encontraron diferencias entre el sector público y privado en la merienda casera, consumo de UP, carne y agua. Conclusiones: se realizó un diagnóstico de los hábitos, conductas y prácticas de los escolares de esas 3 zonas que permitió elegir los temas prioritarios de salud para trabajar con esas escuelas. La situación es inquietante y debe trabajarse con celeridad a nivel interinstitucional generando cambios en los hábitos de vida de los escolares, sus familias y la comunidad. Se determinó un punto de partida para poder evaluar y medir el impacto de las acciones.
Introduction: promoting interaction between health and educational teams is essential to build the necessary skills and knowledge in future generations that would enable them to take care of their health, their families' and their communities'. Most preferences, habits and personal styles are developed at school age. Objective: to get to know the habits, behaviors and practices of children and adolescents of fifth and sixth grade attending three public and three private educational institutions in Montevideo and make a diagnosis of the situation to able to plan a subsequent intervention. Material and Methods: descriptive, observational and crosssectional study between October and December 2017. An anonymous survey was applied to fifth and sixth grade students from three public and three private institutions in the Paso de la Arena, Prado and Colón neighborhoods. Informed consent and authorization were obtained from the institutional research committee. Absolute frequencies and percentages were used. Results: 331 school children participated, 73.1% from the public sector and 26.9% from the private sector. Regarding school snacks, 46% of them consume homemade snacks and 75% consume processed snacks. 53% do not consume food during recess. At home 50% eat fruits and 35% eat vegetables every day, 64.3% consume UP meat up to 3 times a week. While 48.3% report running every day, almost four out of ten have never danced, skated or ridden a bike and two out of ten have never played sports. 65% spend more than 2 hours watching screens, 2 out of 10 sleep less than 6 hours and more than 50% use the cell phone or watch television before bed. We found significant differences between the public and private sectors regarding homemade snacking, meat and water consumption. Conclusions: we carried out a diagnosis of the habits, behaviors and practices of schoolchildren in these 3 areas, which enabled us to choose priority health topics to work with these schools. The situation is disturbing and it must be addressed quickly at interinstitutional level in order to generate changes in the schoolchildren habits, their families and their communities. We have set up a starting point in order be able to evaluate and measure the impact of actions taken.
Introdução: alcançar a interação entre as equipes de saúde e de educação é essencial para gerar conhecimentos e habilidades nas gerações futuras que lhes permitam cuidar de sua saúde, a de sua família e a de suas comunidades. A maior parte das preferências, costumes e estilos pessoais são desenvolvidos durante a idade escolar. Objetivo: conhecer os hábitos, comportamentos e práticas de crianças e adolescentes do quinto e sexto ano de ensino fundamental de três instituições de ensino público e três de ensino privado de Montevidéu para fazer um diagnóstico da situação que permita planejar uma intervenção posterior. Material e Métodos: estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal entre outubro e dezembro de 2017. Uma pesquisa anónima foi aplicada a alunos do quinto e sexto ano do ensino fundamental de três instituições públicas e três privadas dos bairros Paso de la Arena, Prado e Colón. Consentimento informado e autorização foram solicitados ao comitê de pesquisa da instituição. Foram utilizadas frequências absolutas e porcentagens. Resultados: participaram 331 escolares, sendo 73,1% do setor público e 26,9% do setor privado. Na merenda escolar, 46% consomem lanche caseiro e 75% compram. 53% não consomem alimentos UP no recreio. Em casa 50% comem frutas e 35% comem vegetais todos os dias, 64,3% consomem carne UP até 3 vezes por semana. Enquanto 48,3% relatam correr todos os dias, quase quatro em cada dez nunca dançam, patinam ou andam de bicicleta e dois em cada dez nunca praticam esportes. 65% passam mais de 2 horas assistindo a telas de computador ou telefones, 2 em cada 10 dormem menos de 6 horas e mais de 50% usam o celular ou assistem à televisão antes de dormir. Foram encontradas diferenças entre os setores público e privado no consumo de lanches caseiros, UP, carne e água. Conclusões: um diagnóstico dos hábitos, comportamentos e práticas dos escolares das 3 zonas que permitiram escolher os temas prioritários de saúde para trabalhar com estas escolas. A situação é preocupante e deve ser trabalhada rapidamente no nível interinstitucional, com o fim de gerar mudanças nos hábitos de vida dos escolares, de suas famílias e da comunidade. Determinouse um ponto de partida para poder avaliar e mensurar o impacto das ações realizadas.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Conducta Infantil , Conducta del Adolescente , Sueño , Deportes/estadística & datos numéricos , Uruguay , Estudios Transversales , Conducta Alimentaria , Conducta Sedentaria , Tiempo de PantallaRESUMEN
Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil obteve importantes avanços no combate à epidemia de tabaco. No entanto, dados recentes nacionais apontam para uma provável estagnação na queda da iniciação ao tabagismo entre jovens e adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução no tempo do cumprimento da lei que proíbe a venda de cigarros para menores de idade no Brasil. Para tal, utilizaram-se os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar das edições de 2015 e 2019. Foram estimadas proporções para indicadores "sequenciais" criados da combinação das respostas às perguntas "alguém se recusou a lhe vender cigarros?" e "como conseguiu seus próprios cigarros?". Houve uma queda, entre 2015 e 2019, na proporção de fumantes entre 13 e 17 anos que tentaram comprar cigarros nos 30 dias anteriores à pesquisa (72,3% vs. 66,4%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). Contudo, independentemente do ano da pesquisa, cerca de 9 em cada 10 adolescentes fumantes tiveram sucesso em alguma tentativa de compra de cigarros. Desses, aproximadamente 7 em cada 10 utilizaram a compra ativa como a principal modalidade de acesso ao cigarro, sendo que a respectiva compra em estabelecimentos comerciais autorizados (vs. com ambulantes) aumentou entre 2015 e 2019 (81,1% vs. 89,6%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). Em 2019, 70% dos adolescentes que compraram cigarros em estabelecimentos comerciais autorizados realizaram a compra avulsa. O descumprimento de leis voltadas à prevenção da iniciação ao fumo é um enorme obstáculo para a redução da proporção de fumantes. O fortalecimento das ações legislativas e de fiscalização, aliado a ações educativas e de sensibilização junto aos varejistas, é fundamental para proteger as novas gerações quanto aos efeitos nocivos do uso do tabaco.
En las últimas décadas, Brasil ha logrado importantes avances en el combate a la epidemia del tabaquismo. Pero, recientes datos nacionales apuntan a un probable estancamiento en la recucción de la iniciación tabáquia entre jóvenes y adolescentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la evolución en el tiempo de cumplimiento de la ley que prohíbe la venta de cigarrillos a menores en Brasil. Para ello, se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud del Escolar de 2015 y 2019. Se estimaron proporciones para los indicadores "secuenciales" creados desde una combinación de las respuestas a las preguntas "alguien se negó a venderte cigarrillos" y "cómo conseguiste cigarrillos". Hubo una disminución entre 2015 y 2019 en la proporción de fumadores de entre 13 y 17 años que intentaron comprar cigarrillos en los treinta días antes de la encuesta (72,3% vs. 66,4%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). Sin embargo, independientemente del año de la encuesta, alrededor de 9 de cada 10 adolescentes fumadores tuvieron éxito en algún intento de comprar cigarrillos. De estos, aproximadamente 7 de cada 10 utilizaron la compra activa como el principal método de acceso a cigarrillos, y la respectiva compra en establecimientos comerciales autorizados (vs. con vendedores ambulantes) aumentó entre 2015 y 2019 (81,1% vs. 89,6%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). En 2019, el 70% de los adolescentes que compraron cigarrillos en establecimientos comerciales autorizados los compraron sueltos. El incumplimiento de la ley destinada a prevenir la iniciación al tabaquismo es un gran obstáculo para reducir la proporción de fumadores. El fortalecimiento de las acciones legislativas y de fiscalización, sumado a acciones educativas y de sensibilización con los comerciantes, es fundamental para proteger a las nuevas generaciones de los efectos nocivos del consumo de tabaco.
In recent decades, Brazil has made significant progress in fighting the tobacco epidemic. However, recent national data suggest a probable stagnation in the reduction of smoking initiation among youth and adolescents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the evolution over time of compliance with the law that prohibits the sale of cigarettes to minors in Brazil. To this end, data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health conducted in 2015 and 2019 were used. Percentages were estimated for "sequential" indicators created by combining answers to the questions "Did anyone refuse to sell you cigarettes?" and "How did you obtain your cigarettes?" There was a decrease between 2015 and 2019 in the percentage of smokers aged 13 to 17 who tried to buy cigarettes in the 30 days prior to the survey (72.3% vs. 66.4%; p-value ≤ 0.05). However, regardless of the survey year, approximately 9 out of 10 adolescent smokers were successful in an attempt to buy cigarettes. Of those, approximately 7 out of 10 used direct purchase as the main method of obtaining cigarettes, with purchases at licensed commercial establishments (vs. street vendors) increasing between 2015 and 2019 (81.1% vs. 89.6%; p-value ≤ 0.05). In 2019, 70% of teenagers who bought cigarettes at licensed commercial establishments purchased single cigarettes. Non-compliance with laws aimed at preventing smoking initiation is a huge obstacle to reducing the proportion of smokers. Increased implementation of legislative measures and oversight of cigarettes sales, combined with educational and awareness actions with retailers, is key to protecting new generations from the harmful effects of tobacco use.
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Objective: to analyze prevalence of sexual initiation and associated factors in adolescents in Piauí. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study, with secondary data from the 2015 National Adolescent School-based Health Survey. Hierarchical analysis was performed using robust Poisson regression. Results: a total of 3.872 adolescents were interviewed. Prevalence of sexual initiation was 24.2%; risk factors for sexual initiation were being male [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.18; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.90;2.47], being 15 years old or over (PR = 2.49; 95%CI 2.18;2.76), living with mother (PR = 0.68; 95%CI 0.54;0.82), working (PR = 1.82; 95%CI 1.55;2.10), attending a public school (PR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.09;1.75), practicing bullying (PR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.31;1.72), using alcohol (PR = 2.35; 95%CI 2.09;2.64), using cigarettes (PR = 1.46; 95%CI 1.22;1.70) and using illicit drugs (PR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.15;1.66). Conclusion: prevalence of sexual initiation was high and associated with sociodemographic characteristics and vulnerable health behaviors, indicating the need for health promotion strategies.
Objetivo: analizar prevalencia y factores asociados a la iniciación sexual de adolescentes en Piauí. Métodos: estudio transversal, con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Adolescente, 2015. Se realizó análisis jerárquico mediante regresión robusta de Poisson. Resultados: han sido entrevistados 3.872 adolescentes. Hubo prevalencia de iniciación sexual del 24,2%, estando asociada con ser hombre (RP = 2,18; IC95% 1,90;2,47), tener 15 años o más (RP = 2.49; IC95% 2,18;2,76), vivir con la madre (RP = 0,68; IC95% 0,54;0,82), trabajar (RP = 1.82; IC95% 1,55;2,10), estudiar en escuela pública (RP = 1,39; IC95% 1,09;1,75), practicar bullying (RP = 1,50; IC95% 1,31;1,72), consumir alcohol (RP = 2.35; IC95% 2,09;2,64), consumir cigarrillos (RP = 1,46; IC95% 1,22;1,70) y consumir drogas ilícitas (RP = 1,40; IC95% 1,15;1,66). Conclusión: la prevalencia de iniciación sexual fue alta y se asoció con comportamientos vulnerables a la salud y características sociodemográficas, indicando estrategias para de promoción de la salud.
Objetivo: analisar prevalência e fatores associados à iniciação sexual de adolescentes do Piauí. Métodos: estudo transversal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, 2015. Realizou-se análise hierarquizada por regressão de Poisson. Resultados: foram entrevistados 3.872 adolescentes. A prevalência de iniciação sexual foi de 24,2%; sexo masculino [razão de prevalência (RP) = 2,18; intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) 1,90;2,47], idade ≥ 15 anos (RP = 2,49; IC95% 2,18;2,76), morar com a mãe (RP = 0,68; IC95% 0,54;0,82), trabalhar (RP = 1,82; IC95% 1,55;2,10). estudar em escola pública (RP = 1,39; IC95% 1,09;1,75), praticar bullying (RP = 1,50; IC95% 1,31;1,72), usar álcool (RP = 2,35; IC95% 2,09;2,64), cigarro (RP = 1,46; IC95% 1,22;1,70) e drogas ilícitas (RP = 1,40; IC95% 1,15;1,66) foram fatores de risco para o evento. Conclusão: a prevalência de iniciação sexual foi alta e associada a características sociodemográficas e comportamentos vulneráveis à saúde, demandando estratégias de promoção de saúde.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Conducta Sexual , Conducta del Adolescente , Salud Reproductiva , Brasil , Salud del Estudiante , Estudios Transversales , Salud del AdolescenteRESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo estimar a prevalência e fatores associados à infecção pelo Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) em jovens. Métodos estudo transversal, realizado em dois Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento, com 279 jovens entre 15 e 24 anos. Realizou-se teste anti-HIV e aplicou-se instrumento estruturado. Empregaram-se análise bivariada e regressão logística com correção de Bonferroni para investigar a associação entre as variáveis e o desfecho sorológico. Resultados a prevalência de HIV entre os jovens foi de 3,9% (Intervalo de confiança-IC95%: 1,0-10,1). A associação com o desfecho HIV mostrou-se estatisticamente significante entre jovens do sexo masculino (p=0,001), homossexuais (p<0,001), exposição sexual como motivo do teste (p=0,034), percepção de alto de risco de adquirir HIV (p=0,002) e prática de sexo anal (p=0,004). Jovens homossexuais (Odds ratio-OR=13,46; IC95%:1,14-15,84) e com percepção de alto risco de adquirir o HIV (OR=18,11; IC95%: 2,28-143,69) tiveram maiores chances de apresentarem resultado positivo para HIV. Conclusão foi possível identificar a prevalência e fatores associados ao HIV em jovens. Contribuições para a prática: as informações geradas podem disponibilizar evidências aos formuladores de políticas, gestores e profissionais de saúde, e subsidiar a elaboração de estratégias que contemplem o aperfeiçoamento das ações de prevenção, coordenadas e ajustadas aos contextos comportamentais nos cenários estudados.
ABSTRACT Objective to estimate the prevalence and associated factors with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in youths. Methods cross-sectional study in two Centers for Testing and Counseling, with 279 youths from 15 to 24 years old. An anti-HIV test and a structured instrument were applied. We used bivariate analysis and logistic regression, with Bonferroni corrections, to investigate the association between the variables and the outcome. Results the prevalence of HIV in the youth analyzed was 3.9% (Confidence interval - CI95%: 1.0-10.1). The association with the outcome of HIV was statistically significant in male youth (p=0.001), homosexuals (p<0.001), those who tested due to sexual exposure (p=0.034), perception of a high risk of acquiring HIV (p=0.002), and anal sex (p=0.004). Homosexual youth (odds ratio-OR=13.46; CI95%;1.14-15.84), with a perception of high risk of acquiring HIV (OR=18.11; CI95%: 2.28-143.69) had a higher chance of being HIV positive. Conclusion the prevalence of HIV and associated factors in youth was ascertained. Contributions to practice: the information produced here shows evidence for those who aim to formulate policies, including health managers and workers. It can give support to the elaboration of strategies that involve perfecting preventive, coordinated actions, adjusted to behavioral contexts in the settings studied.
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Introduction: The expansion of knowledge about head and neck cancer can provide greater care and the ability to identify risk factors and symptoms of the disease, as well as the incorporation of healthy habits. The younger these concepts are sedimented, the better results will be, making society healthier and more aware. Objective: To assess knowledge about head and neck cancer among adolescents from private schools, aged between 13 and 22 years. Methods: 200 questionnaires were applied among students, about the profile of adolescents and their knowledge about head and neck neoplasms, treatment, and teaching in schools on this topic. The results were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: Only 55 students (29.9%) identified HPV as a risk factor for the disease. 137 students (74.5%) identified the brain as an organ treated by head and neck surgery. As for the therapeutic strategies used for the treatment of neoplasms in the region, only 67 students (36.4%) are aware. On the topic of teaching in schools, 153 students (83.1%) relate to some deficiency in the approach and learning. Conclusion: Knowledge about head and neck cancer is insufficient. It is necessary to introduce in the curriculum basic cancer education in biology classes. The expansion of acquirements about cancer can provide better care and the ability to identify risk factors, initial signs, and symptoms of the disease, as well as the incorporation of healthy habits in families because these students can propagate valid information in their environment.
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RESUMEN Objetivo: Adaptar el Cuestionario sobre el Uso Problemático de Internet (PIUQ) para su utilización en el Perú. Material y Métodos: La traducción al español y la adaptación cultural del PIUQ siguieron un proceso sistematizado que incluyó la traducción directa, la evaluación por juicio de expertos y la retrotraducción, y culminó con la aprobación final de los creadores de la escala. Para cada uno de los 18 ítems, un primer comité de expertos evaluó en la versión preliminar la comprensibilidad, aceptabilidad, relevancia y el conjunto de respuestas; posteriormente, un segundo comité, examinó en la versión final los rasgos de claridad, pertinencia y relevancia. Se calculó la V de Aiken para cada uno de los diferentes aspectos evaluados en los 18 ítems. Resultados: En la versión preliminar, la V de Aiken tuvo valores bajos para la comprensibilidad de los ítems 1, 3, 4, 6 y 16, y para el conjunto de respuestas del ítem 4. El análisis del primer comité de expertos produjo modificaciones en los ítems 1, 4 y 16 de la dimensión de obsesión, 5 y 8 de negligencia, y 15 de trastorno de control. La evaluación por parte del segundo comité de expertos resultó en valores adecuados de V de Aiken en todos los aspectos de los 18 ítems. Conclusiones: La versión peruana final así obtenida demostró estar alineada a los fines del cuestionario original, sin alterar el significado de los ítems.
SUMMARY Objective : To adapt the Problem Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ) for its utilization in Peru. Material and Methods : The translation and cultural adaptation of the PIUQ followed a systematic process that involved direct translation, evaluation and judgment by expert committees and back-translation, culminating with the final approval by the scale creators. For each of the 18 items, a first group of experts assessed comprehensibility, acceptability, relevance and quality of the response set in the preliminary version; subsequently, a second group of experts, evaluated clarity, relevance and pertinence in the final version. Aiken's V was calculated for each of the different features evaluated in the 18 items. Results : In the preliminary version, Aiken's V had low values for the comprehensibility of items 1, 3, 4, 6 and 16, and for the response set of item 4. The analysis of the first expert committee led to modifications in items 1, 4 and 16 of the obsession dimension, 5 and 8 of neglect, and 15 of control disorder. The evaluation by the second expert committee resulted in adequate Aiken V values for all aspects of the 18 items. Conclusions : The final Peruvian version thus obtained proved to be aligned to the purposes of the original questionnaire, without altering the meaning of the items.
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Introducción: El consumo de alcohol es particularmente alto en América Latina y el Caribe. Los estudios en Perú sobre prevención y consumo de drogas en estudiantes de educación secundaria lo reportan como problema de salud. Objetivo: Determinar las variables del factor personal, familiar y social que están asociadas con el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de un colegio particular del distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, Lima, en 2016. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal, con una muestra de 194 adolescentes, se aplicó muestreo aleatorio estratificado, donde los estratos fueron los grados de estudio del primero al quinto grados de secundaria. Se recolectó la información mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado. Resultados: 47,4 por ciento de los escolares consumió alcohol en el último año; con respecto al factor personal a los estudiantes que les ofrecieron bebida alcohólica tuvieron 11,84 (OR = 11,84; 95 por ciento CI 5,31:26,4; p** <0,001) veces más de probabilidad de consumirla respecto a los estudiantes que no les ofrecieron. Con respecto al factor familiar, los estudiantes que no tienen ningún familiar enfermo en casa tienen 2,21 (OR = 2,21; IC 95 por ciento 1,11:4,36; p** <0,001) veces más de uso de medicamentos. Las variables del factor social no fueron factores de riesgo. Conclusiones: Casi la mitad de los adolescentes consumieron bebidas alcohólicas en el último año y según los factores favorecedores del consumo destaca en primer lugar el factor personal, seguido de familiares; el factor social no estuvo asociado con el consumo de alcohol(AU)
Introduction: Alcohol consumption is particularly high in Latin America and the Caribbean. Studies conducted on drug prevention and use in high school students in Peru report it as a health problem. Objective: To determine the variables related to personal, family and social factors associated with alcohol consumption in adolescents from a private school in the district of Villa María del Triunfo, Lima, in 2016. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 194 adolescents, using a stratified random sampling where the strata were the study grades from the first to the fifth grades of secondary school. The information was collected by applying a structured questionnaire. Results: Our results show that 47,4 percent of schoolchildren consumed alcohol in the last year; with respect to the personal factor, the students who were offered alcoholic drinks were 11,84 (OR = 11,84; 95 percent CI 5,31:26,4; p** <0,001) times more likely to consume an alcoholic beverage compared to the students who were not offered them. Regarding family factor, the students who did not have a sick family member at home were 2,21 (OR = 2,21; IC 95 percent 1,11:4,36; p** <0,001) times more likely to consume alcoholic beverages compared to students who had a sick family member at home. The variables related to social factor were not risk factors. Conclusions: Almost half of the adolescents consumed alcoholic beverages in the last year and according to the factors favoring consumption, the personal factor stands out in the first place, followed by relatives; the social factor was not associated with alcohol consumption(AU)
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Humanos , Adolescente , Factores de Riesgo , Consumo de Alcohol en Menores , Familia , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Educación Primaria y Secundaria , Factores SocialesRESUMEN
Objetivo: identificar na literatura científica evidências sobre a influência do uso de smartphone na saúde biopsicossocial do adolescente. Método: revisão integrativa norteada pela questão: Qual a influência do uso do smartphone na saúde biopsicossocial do adolescente? As buscas ocorreram nas fontes da PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science e CINAHL. Os descritores controlados utilizados foram, "Adolescent Health", "Adolescent Behavior" e "Smartphone" combinados através de operadores booleanos. Inclui-se artigos primários, disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, sem recorte temporal. Os estudos foram avaliados conforme o nível de evidência. Resultados: identificou-se 1070 estudos, destes, 20 foram selecionados para a leitura na íntegra e, três compuseram a amostra final. A dependência de mídia social, foi associada a um menor bem-estar mental, escolar e social. Conclusão: o uso do smartphone por adolescentes está relacionado à riscos relacionados à saúde biopsicossocial, porém é necessário o investimento de novos estudos nesta área.(AU)
Objective: to identify evidence in the scientific literature about the influence of smartphone use on adolescent biopsychosocial health. Method: integrative review guided by the question: What is the influence of smartphone use on adolescent biopsychosocial health? Searches took place in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL sources. The controlled descriptors used were "Adolescent Health", "Adolescent Behavior" and "Smartphone" combined using Boolean operators. Primary articles are included, available in full, in English, Portuguese and Spanish, without time frame. Studies were evaluated according to the level of evidence. Results: 1070 studies were identified, of which 20 were selected for full reading and three made up the final sample. Social media dependence was associated with lower mental, school, and social well-being. Conclusion: the use of smartphones by adolescents is related to risks related to biopsychosocial health, but it is necessary to invest in new studies in this area.(AU)
Objetivo: identificar evidencias en la literatura científica sobre la influencia del uso de teléfonos inteligentes en la salud biopsicosocial de los adolescentes. Método: revisión integradora guiada por la pregunta: ¿Cuál es la influencia del uso de teléfonos inteligentes en la salud biopsicosocial de los adolescentes? Las búsquedas se realizaron en las fuentes PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science y CINAHL. Los descriptores controlados utilizados fueron "Salud del adolescente", "Comportamiento del adolescente" y "Teléfono inteligente" combinados mediante operadores booleanos. Se incluyen artículos primarios, disponibles en su totalidad, en inglés, portugués y español, sin marco de tiempo. Los estudios se evaluaron según el nivel de evidencia. Resultados: se identificaron 1070 estudios, de los cuales 20 fueron seleccionados para lectura completa y tres conformaron la muestra final. La dependencia de las redes sociales se asoció con un menor bienestar mental, escolar y social. Conclusión: el uso de teléfonos inteligentes por adolescentes está relacionado con riesgos relacionados con la salud biopsicosocial, pero es necesario invertir en nuevos estudios en esta área.(AU)
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Conducta del Adolescente , Salud del Adolescente , Teléfono InteligenteRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Adolescents are more prone to develop health risk behaviors. Among these, early consumption of psychoactive drugs is relevant. AIM: To assess the association between early consumption of illicit drugs, tobacco and alcohol, suicide behaviors, risky sexual behaviors, eating habits and physical activity in school age adolescents from Valparaiso, Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The online world survey of scholar health to identify the health risk behaviors was answered by 550 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, from a public educational institution at Valparaiso, Chile. Results: Early consumption of alcohol, smoking and illicit drug use was reported by 59, 57 and 44% of respondents, respectively. The frequency of psychoactive drug consumption during the last month, risky sexual behaviors and missing breakfast was higher among those with an early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking. The frequency of suicidal risk behaviors and low consumption of fruits and vegetables was higher among those with an early onset of illicit drug use and smoking. A low physical activity level was associated with early smoking onset. Health risk behaviors were associated with early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking is associated with health risk behaviors in Chilean adolescents.
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Humanos , Adolescente , Drogas Ilícitas , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/epidemiología , Psicotrópicos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Chile/epidemiología , Conductas de Riesgo para la SaludRESUMEN
Objetivo: caracterizar o conhecimento e a prática acerca da utilização de preservativos por parte de adolescentes do sexo feminino, estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola da rede estadual do interior de Sergipe, Brasil. Materiais e método: pesquisa de corte transversal, realizada em uma escola da rede pública localizada no interior do Estado de Sergipe, Região Nordeste do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu em fevereiro e março de 2017, na escola com o maior número de adolescentes matriculados do Estado. Resultados: entre as 94 participantes do estudo, a média de idade foi de 17,3 anos (DP = 1,2); a maioria das adolescentes referiu renda familiar mensal de até um salário-mínimo (61,3 %). A religião predominante foi a católica (74,5 %). Apenas 4,3 % das adolescentes afirmaram ter filho e uma delas encontrava-se gestante (1,1 %). Quanto à iniciação sexual, 51,1 % das adolescentes participantes referiram não ter tido as primeiras relações sexuais, enquanto 48,9 % apresentavam vida sexual ativa. A maior frequência de relações sexuais e uso de preservativo entre as adolescentes foi encontrada entre aquelas que referiram a ingesta de bebidas alcoólicas (40 [42,5 %]; p < 0,05). Sobre preservativos, 92,6 % das adolescentes conheciam e já haviam tido contato com o preservativo masculino, enquanto apenas 62,8 % conheciam e tinham visualizado o feminino. Conclusões: as adolescentes apresentam conhecimento frágil sobre preservativos e adotam prática sexual insegura; portanto, é fundamental o desenvolvimento de estratégias de educação sexual que visem melhorar o conhecimento e as habilidades das adolescentes sobre o tema.
Objetivo: caracterizar el conocimiento y la práctica en el uso del condón por parte de las estudiantes de secundaria de una escuela de la red pública del estado del interior de Sergipe, Brasil. Materiales y método: investigación transversal realizada en una escuela de la red pública ubicada en el interior del estado de Sergipe, región Nordeste de Brasil. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre febrero y marzo de 2017 en las instalaciones de la institución educativa con mayor número de adolescentes matriculados del estado. Resultados: la edad media de las 94 participantes del estudio fue de 17,3 años (DP = 1,2), quienes en su mayoría reportaron un ingreso familiar mensual de hasta un salario mínimo (61,3 %). La religión predominante entre las participantes fue el catolicismo (74,5 %). Solo 4,3 % de las adolescentes afirmó tener un hijo y una de ellas (1,1 %) se encontraba en estado de embarazo al momento de la recolección de datos. En cuanto a la iniciación sexual, el 51,1 % de las participantes refirió no haber tenido su primera relación sexual, mientras que 48,9 % llevaba una vida sexual activa. La mayor frecuencia de relaciones sexuales y uso del condón fue identificada entre las adolescentes que reportaron la ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas (40 [42,5 %]; p< 0,05). Con respecto a los preservativos, 92,6 % de las adolescentes conocía y había tenido contacto con el condón masculino, mientras que solo el 62,8 % reportó lo mismo para el condón femenino. Conclusiones: las adolescentes que participaron de esta investigación tienen poco conocimiento sobre el condón y adoptan prácticas sexuales inseguras. Por ello, es fundamental desarrollar estrategias de educación sexual orientadas a mejorar los conocimientos y las habilidades de las adolescentes frente al tema.
Objective: To characterize the knowledge and practice regarding the use of condoms by high school female students from a public school in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Materials and method: Cross-sectional research carried out at a public school in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. Data collection was performed between February and March 2017 at the school with the highest number of adolescents enrolled from the state. Results: The mean age among the 94 participants of the study was 17.3 years (SD: 1.2). Most adolescents reported a monthly family income of up to one minimum wage (61.3 %). The predominant religion in the sample was Catholicism (74.5 %). Only 4.3 % of these adolescents reported having a child and one of them was pregnant at the time of data collection (1.1 %). As for sexual initiation, 51.1 % of the participants reported they had not had their first sexual intercourse, while 48.9 % had an active sexual life. The highest frequency of sexual intercourse and condom use was found among those who reported alcohol consumption (40 [42.5 %]; p < 0.05). Finally, 92.6 % of the participants knew and had already visualized the male condom, while only 62.8 % stated the same for the female condom. Conclusions: The adolescents that participated in this study show a weak knowledge about condoms and adopt unsafe sexual practices. Therefore, it becomes essential to develop sexual education strategies aimed at improving the knowledge and skills regarding this issue among the studied population.
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Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Adolescente , Enfermería , Conducta del Adolescente , Condones , Salud SexualRESUMEN
RESUMEN Fundamento Los espacios públicos deberían ser lugares seguros para el libre tránsito de las personas, sobre todo para las mujeres, y más aún si son menores de edad. En el caso de las adolescentes, muchas veces son víctimas de acoso sexual en las calles u otros sitios, situación que podría afectar de manera significativa su desarrollo integral. Objetivo caracterizar el acoso sexual en espacios públicos hacia adolescentes peruanas. Métodos estudio descriptivo comparativo, que incluyó a 372 escolares de dos instituciones educativas (una pública y otra privada) de la provincia del Santa (Perú). Se aplicó el cuestionario de acoso sexual callejero, instrumento de 13 ítems. La estadística descriptiva fue empleada para determinar los niveles de acoso sexual; mientras que la estadística inferencial identificó diferencia estadística del acoso respecto a ambas instituciones educativas. En base a la normalidad de los datos, la prueba utilizada fue T de Student. Resultados el acoso sexual fue de nivel medio en ambas escuelas, 52,4 % en la privada y 45 % en la pública. Se evidenció diferencia estadística significativa entre las participantes de uno y otro centro educativo, con respecto a las dimensiones comportamientos de interacción social, componente verbal y componente físico; así como al acoso sexual en general. Conclusión El acoso sexual en espacios públicos fue, en la mayoría de los casos, de nivel medio. Los comportamientos de interacción social, así como el componente verbal resultaron las dimensiones más prevalentes del acoso hacia las adolescentes de ambas instituciones educativas de la provincia del Santa (Perú).
ABSTRACT Background Public spaces should be safe places for the free movement of people, especially for women, and even more so if they are minors. In the case of adolescent girls, they are often victims of sexual harassment in the streets or other places, a situation that could significantly affect their comprehensive development. Objective to characterize sexual harassment in public spaces towards Peruvian adolescents. Methods comparative descriptive study, which included 372 schoolchildren from two educational institutions (one public and one private) in the province of Santa (Peru). The street sexual harassment questionnaire, a 13-item instrument, was applied. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the levels of sexual harassment; while the inferential statistics identified a statistical difference in bullying with respect to both educational institutions. Based on the normality of the data, the Student´s t-test was used. Results sexual harassment was at a medium level in both schools, 52.4 % in the private one and 45% in the public one. A significant statistical difference was evidenced between the participants of one and another educational center, with respect to the behavioral dimensions of social interaction, verbal component and physical component; as well as sexual harassment in general. Conclusion Sexual harassment in public spaces was, in most cases, medium level. Social interaction behaviors, as well as the verbal component, were the most prevalent dimensions of bullying towards adolescents from both educational institutions in the province of Santa (Peru).
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Abstract Objective: To analyze the content validity and the test-retest reliability of the Questionnaire for Screen Time of Adolescents (QueST). Methods: A study was conducted with high school adolescents from Southern Brazil enrolled in public education (2019). The QueST measures screen time across five constructs: studying, working/internship-related activities, watching videos, playing games, using social media/chat applications. Content validation involved consulting with experts and adolescents to evaluate whether the five constructs were clear and representing screen time behaviors, all ratings were quantified. The experts' evaluation provided Content Validity Indexes (CVI) for clarity and representativeness of the questionnaire. Students answered the QueST twice (1-week apart), and differences between applications were verified. Test-retest reliability was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analyses. Results: Among the experts, the CVI indicated 94% and 98% of clarity and representativeness, respectively. All items were highly clear for at least 70% of the students. Test-retest reliability was assessed with 104 students (16.3 ± 1.02 years; 66.3% girls). The ICC ranged from 0.41 (95%CI 0.24-0.56) for videos to 0.76 (95%CI 0.66-0.83) for social media/chat applications on weekdays; and from 0.24 (95%CI 0.04-0.41) for videos to 0.67 (95%CI 0.54-0.77) for social media/chat applications on weekends. The lowest mean difference was -4.6 min for working on weekdays, while the highest was 40.6 min for videos on weekends. Conclusions: The QueST proved to be fair to excellent for measuring different screen time constructs. However, the item of videos (weekends) showed poor stability. The QueST demonstrates satisfactory content validity attested by the experts and adolescents.
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Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental de adolescentes. Método: Descriptiva documental. Resultados: 15 articulos relacionados al tema de investigación. Conclusión: Mediante el profundo análisis realizado, se puede concluir que, todas las personas se han visto afectadas por la pandemia , sin embargo la población que más sufrió han sido los adolescentes, debido a que han tenido que adaptarse a mecanismo establecidos para frenar el contagio del COVID-19, dejando así a un lado las actividades cotidianas que antes realizaban cómo asistir a clases presencialmente, interactuar con otras personas y concurrir a espacios o eventos públicos ,como consecuencia en el futuro de estos jóvenes se puede generar una serie de trastornos emocionales , puesto que la adolescencia es una etapa fundamental y crucial para el desarrollo de hábitos sociales.
Objective: To analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents. Method: Descriptive documentary. Results: 15 articles related to the research topic. Conclusion: By means of the deep analysis carried out, it can be concluded that, all people have been affected by the pandemic , however the population that suffered the most has been the adolescents, due to the fact that they have had to adapt to the mechanism established to stop the contagion of COVID-19, thus leaving aside the daily activities that they previously performed how to attend classes in person, interact with other people and attend public spaces or events ,as a result in the future of these young people can generate a series of emotional disorders , since adolescence is a fundamental and crucial stage for the development of social habits
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This study aimed to verify the tracking of physical activity and sedentary behavior in different domains during adolescence. This longitudinal study involved 265 subjects (boys: 52.8%) with an initial mean age of 13.9 (± 1.2) years. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were verified using a questionnaire. The achievement of ≥ 150 min. week-1of moderate-to-vigorous intensity sport and/or physical exercise for ≥ 1 month was adoptedas sufficiently active. The data were collected on 2 occasions, with an average interval of 3 years. The description of the results used the relative frequency and Binary Logistic Regression was used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Current physical activity (adjusted odds ratios = 3.05; 95% confidence intervals: 1.77 -5.26) and sedentary behavior (adjusted odds ratios = 1.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.03 -3.19) appear to be significantly influenced by previousbehavior, except for light-intensity physical activity. Only 12.8% of the participants remained sufficiently active for sport and/or physical exercise. Practice for at least one month of sport and/or physical exercise at baseline was a predictor of practice in the follow-up, both considering participation for at least one month (adjusted odds ratios = 2.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.37 -5.79) and for four months (adjusted odds ratios = 2.47; 95% confidence intervals: 1.17 -5.24) in the follow-up. Beingsufficiently active at baseline increased the chance of being sufficiently active in the follow-up during adolescence. Interventions providing sufficient sport and/or physical exercise could positively influence the chances of practice in the future. For light-intensity physical activity interventions, strategies targeting adherence seem especially relevant.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Adolescente/fisiología , Conducta Sedentaria , Instituciones Académicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Deportes/educación , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud/fisiología , Conducta del Adolescente/fisiología , Actividades RecreativasRESUMEN
Abstract The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of sports participation in Brazilian children and adolescents through a systematic literature review. A search was carried out in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, BIREME, SCIELO, and SCOPUS for manuscripts published until 2020, combining the keywords: "children", "adolescents", "prevalence", and "sports participation", in Portuguese and English. Twenty-six articles published between 2003 and 2020 were included in the review, with the aim of estimating the prevalence of participation in organized sports in Brazilian children and adolescents. Considering the regions where the studies were carried out, the majority were developed in the south (57.7%; n=15), followed by the southeast (19.2%; n=05), and northeast (15.4%; n=04), in addition to 7.7% (n=02) in all regions of the country. The data showed prevalence of sports participation ranging from 15.0% to 73.2% (mean of 44.8%) among children and adolescents, being higher in males (63.1%). From the results found, the need to develop public policies is evident, in order to favor adherence and maintenance of young people to sports practice, especially among those of the female sex.
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência de participação esportiva em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. A busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, BIREME, SCIELO e SCOPUS de manuscritos publicados até o ano de 2020, por meio da combinação das palavras-chave: "crianças", "adolescentes", "prevalência" e "participação esportiva", em português e inglês. Foram incluídos na revisão 26 artigos publicados no período de 2003 a 2020, com objetivo de estimar a prevalência de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros acerca da participação em esportes organizados. Quanto a região de realização do estudo, a maioria foi desenvolvido no sul (57.7%; n=15), seguido do sudeste (19.2%; n=05) e nordeste (15.4; n=04), além de 7.7% (n=02) em todas as regiões do país. Os dados mostraram prevalências de participação esportiva que variaram entre 15.0% a 73.2% (média de 44.8%) entre crianças e adolescentes, sendo superior no sexo masculino (63.1%). A partir dos resultados encontrados evidencia-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para favorecera aderência e manutenção de jovens para a prática esportiva, principalmente entre aqueles do sexo feminino.