Anxiety in Malaysian children and adolescents: validation of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED)

Abstract Objective Use of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) has increased significantly since its publication. Although the validity of the SCARED is well established, most of the samples investigated primarily comprised Caucasian children and, where available, people from Asian cultures such as China. Furthermore, the instrument's utility for screening use in community samples has yet to be validated, although it is commonly advocated for this use. The present study addressed the psychometric properties of the SCARED in a community sample of Malaysian children and adolescents. Method A total of 386 participants from an urban area, aged between 8 and 17, completed the 41-item SCARED. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were performed to investigate the factor structure of the SCARED. Results Internal consistency ratings for the SCARED's total and subscale scores were good, except for School Avoidance. The validity of the SCARED was further demonstrated through a significant correlation with the Internalizing subscale of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). In contrast with the five-factor structure proposed for primarily Caucasian samples, factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure for this Malaysian sample. Conclusions These research findings support the validity of the SCARED and its utility as a screening tool in a community sample of Malaysian children and adolescents.

Signos y síntomas asociados a trastornos temporomandibulares en niños y adolescentes. Cali, Colombia / Signsand symptoms associatesof temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents. Cali, Colombia

Los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en pacientes pediátricos se han estudiado poco. La necesidad de realizar un diagnóstico oportuno hace que exista mayor interés por parte de los investigadores para orientar a los odontólogos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la presencia de trastornos temporomandibularesregistrados en las historiasclínicas de pacientesatendidos en la Escuelade Odontopediatría de la Universidad del Valle(Cali, Colombia).Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversalpara evaluar presencia de trastornos temporomandibulares en pacientes, en edades entrecuatro y14 años, que asistieron a lasclínicasde dicha escuela durante 2013 y 2016. Se revisaron 712 historias; 56% de sexo masculino y 44% de sexo femenino. Los signos y síntomas asociados con losTTMmás frecuentes fueron el clic bilateral (36,4%), la desviación y deflexión mandibular (27,1%) y el dolor a la palpación (24,0%), mientras quela subluxación (1,6%) y el chasquido articular en apertura (0,8%) fueron los de menor presencia.Se concluyó que los trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM)cada vez son mayores.Es importante, por tanto, realizar investigaciones que involucren los factores de riesgo y/o desencadenantes, la intervención oportuna y el manejo multidisciplinario de esta alteración.

Temporomandibular joint disordersin children and adolescents have been studied infrequently. The need for a timely diagnosis makesit more interesting for researchers to perform studies that advise dentists. The objective of the study was to identify the frequency of mandibular disorders in the clinical records of children and adolescents treated at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Universidad Del Valle. A descriptive and cross-sectional observational study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in patients inaged 4 to 14 years attending in the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics of the University of Valle (Cali-Colombia) during January 2013 and June 2016. 712 stories were reviewed; 397 (56%) were boys and 315 (44%) girls. 129 reports of the presence of some type of TMJ level, compatible with 18.11% of the sample studied. The most prevalent signs were bilateral click (36.4%), mandibular deviation and deflection (27.1%) and pain on palpation (24.0%). In contrast, subluxation (1.6%) and the jump in ATM at opening (0.8%) were the minors. It is concluded thatdisorders increasing daily, it is necessary to carry out investigations involving risk factors and / or triggers, timely or early intervention and the multidisciplinary management that this affectation requires.

Consenso de VIH-2: tratamiento antirretroviral en niños, adolescentes y embarazadas

Consenso para el tratamiento antirretroviral de las mujeres embarazadas, los adolescentes y los niños

Consensus of Antiretroviral treatment of pregnant women, adolescents and children