RESUMEN
Aims: To determine the bacteriological quality and geophysical abiotic components including mineral elements of public drinking water sources in Akungba-Akoko community located in South West Nigeria. Study Design: Water and soil samples were collected from selected ground water (e.g., well, borehole) and surface water (e.g., streams) in 20 various locations of Akungba-Akoko community. Similarly, Geographical positioning system (GPS) of the sampling site was determined. Methodology: Total bacteria and coliform content of water samples were enumerated using the pour plate technique. The physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity and temperature and mineral elements constituents were determined. Total bacterial count, phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) were also determined in the soil samples. Results: The total bacterial count ranged from as low as 1.0 x 102 cfu/mL in GLAS site to 1.22 x 106 cfu/mL in sample site GLA9, while the coliforms count ranged from 5.0 x 101 cfu/mL in well water of sample site GLG1 to 36 x 104 cfu/mL and 3.8 x 105 cfu/mL in sample site GL9 and GL7 respectively. As for soil sources, the total heterotrophic bacterial count range was from 1.8 x105 cfu/g to 8.7 x105 cfu/g. Total hardness of the water sources ranged from 4.46 ppm in sample site GLA2 to 216.86 ppm in well water (GLWS 6) in Akungba. High levels of lead in some areas as in Araromi pond zone (GLCW16) and Well water 2nd Market (GLBWS 6) among others, exceeded the maximum permissible level of 0.10 mg/L. The pH of water sources range from pH 5.52 to pH 7.91 while temperature ranges from 23ºC to 28ºC. Conclusion: This study shows that many sources of public drinking water supply in Akungba-Akoko are microbiologically substandard with possible infiltration of some chemical contaminants. Hence, routine monitoring and protection of the water resources is necessary in this community to improve the quality of drinking water and avoid possible associated health risks.
RESUMEN
Aim: To determine the microbiological quality of catfish meant for public consumption in the university community, Akungba-Akoko. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B. 01, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria, between May 2010 and June 2011. Methodology: Fresh catfish, Claria gariepinus, sample obtained from typical fish pond in Akungba-Akoko was subjected to microbiological Investigation in the Laboratory. Nutrient Agar, Eosine Methylene Blue Agar and Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar were generally used for isolation and maintenance of cultures during the study. Moreover a pour plate technique was used for the estimation of the total bacterial and coliform counts. Results: The total plate count of fish skin samples gave high bacterial count of 65 x 102 cfu/ml, the coliforms count was 7.0 x 101 cfu/ml, while the anaerobic organisms encountered gave a value of 20 x 101 cfu/ml. Similarly, bacterial count of 2.25 x 107 cfu/ml coliform count of 1.35 x 104 cfu/ml and 6.5 x 104 cfu/ml anaerobic organisms were obtained from gills. The isolated bacteria species identified were Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp, Microcococcus spp, and members of enterobacteriaceae which include Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp were found in the skin of the fresh fish. Other complex forms of bacterial species were also encountered in the gills of catfish sample used for this study. This includes S. aureus, E. coli, Bacillus spp. The total aerobic counts of the Clarias gariepinus (Catfish) sample were determined and the results of this study shows that the largest numbers of anaerobic microbes were found in gills. Conclusion: The study suggests adequate monitoring of our fish ponds with a view of adding some antibiotics to their feeds to reduce infectious agents from this source.