Alloiococcus otitidis y su rol en la otopatía serosa / Alloiococcus Otididis and its role in the otitis media with effusion / Alloiococcus otitidis e seu papel na otitis media com efusão

Introducción: la otopatía serosa es generalmente considerada como una continuación directa del proceso inflamatorio que ocurre durante los episodios prolongados o recurrentes de otitis media aguda. El cultivo de fluido de oído medio en niños con esta patología, identifica en un 50-60% de los casos a tres gérmenes: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae y Moraxella catharralis. Algunos autores utilizando técnicas no convencionales, han sugerido a Alloiococcus otitidis como un germen adicional, quien fuera descripto inicialmente por Faden y Dryja en 1989. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos MEDLINE entre los meses de enero a julio de 2016, utilizando las palabras claves Alloiococcus otitidis, biofilm, oído medio, microbiología y otopatía serosa, encontrándose 57 artículos que coincidieran con dichos términos. Fueron seleccionadas 34 citas bibliográficas. Resultados: Su frecuente localización, su identificación en efusiones de larga duración y de apariencia mucoide y su asociación con células inflamatorias le sugieren un papel protagónico gracias a su facilidad de formar biofilm. Conclusiones: Entender que las infecciones bacterianas crónicas están relacionadas a biofilms es fundamental en el desarrollo de estrategias racionales para su tratamiento y prevención.

Introduction: the otitis media with effusion is generally regarded as a direct continuation of the inflammatory process that occurs during prolonged or recurrent episodes of acute otitis media. The culture of middle ear fluid of children with this disease, identified in 50-60% of cases three organisms: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Some authors, using unconventional techniques, have suggested Alloiococcus otitidis as an additional germ, who was initially described by Faden and Dryja in 1989. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the MEDLINE database from January to July 2016, using the keywords Alloiococcus otitidis, biofilm, middle ear, microbiology and serous otopathy, with 57 articles matching those terms. 34 bibliographic citations were selected. Results: Their common location, identification in effusions durable and mucoid appearance and association inflammatory cells would suggest a major role thanks to its ease of forming biofilm. Conclusion: Understand that chronic bacterial infections are related to biofilms is essential in the development of rational strategies for treatment and prevention.

Introdução: otopatía serosa é geralmente considerado como uma continuação directa do proceso inflamatório que ocorre durante episódios prolongados ou recorrentes de otite média aguda. A cultura do fluido do ouvido médio de crianças com esta doença, identifica em 50-60% dos casos três organismos: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae e Moraxella catarrhalis. Alguns autores, utilizando técnicas não convencionais, ter sugerido a Alloiococcus otitidis como um germe adicional, que foi inicialmente descrita por Faden e Dryjaem, 1989. Metodos: a pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada na base de dados medline de janeiro a julhode 2016, utilizando as palavras-chave alloiococcus otitidis, biofilme, do ouvido médio, microbiologia e otopatía serosa, sendo 57 itens correspondentes a esses termos. Entre eles foram selecionados 34 referências. Resultados: Sua localização frequente, identificação em derrames aparência de longa duração e mucóide e associação com células inflamatórias sugeriría um papel de liderança graças à sua facilidade de formação de biofilme. Conclusão: entenda que as infecções bacterianas crônicas estão relacionados com biofilmes é essencial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias racionais para tratamento e prevenção.

Concurrent Assay for Four Bacterial Species Including Alloiococcus Otitidis in Middle Ear, Nasopharynx and Tonsils of Children with Otitis Media with Effusion: A Preliminary Report

OBJECTIVES: To detect the prevalences of Alloiococcus otitidis, as well as Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in children with chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) and to simultaneously investigate the colonization of these bacteria in the nasopharynx and palatine tonsils of these patients. METHODS: The study included 34 pediatric patients with OME, and 15 controls without OME. In the study group, A. otitidis, H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, and M. catarrhalis were investigated in the samples obtained from middle ear effusions (MEE), nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and tonsillar swabs (TS), using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and conventional culture methods. Only the samples obtained from NPS and TS were studied with the same techniques in the control group. RESULTS: A. otitidis was isolated only in MEE and only with multiplex PCR method. A. otitidis, S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, H. influenzae were identified in 35%, 8.8%, 8.8%, and 2.9%, respectively, in 34 MEE. A. otitidis was not isolated in NPS or TS of the study and the control groups. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of A.otitidis is high in children with OME and A.otitidis doesn't colonize in the nasopharynx or tonsil.

Detection of Alloiococcus Otitidis in Adults with Secretory Otitis Media / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between Alloiococcus otitidis (A. otitidis) and Secretory Otitis Media (SOM) in adults.Methods The study included 39 adult patients suffering from SOM and 42 samples (middle ear effusion, MEE)were collected. We detected the four organisms(A. otitidis ,S. pneumoniae, H.influenzae and M. catarrhalis) by mutiplex PCR, for comparing the bacterial findings in the patients with or without cold history, with or without antibiotic treatment, with effusion of different characters and durations by chi-square test. Results The DNA of A. otitidis was detected from 5 MEEs(11.9%).To acute SOM, only 1 sample was PCR-positive for A. otitidis; and to chronic SOM,4 samples were positive. There was a significant difference between them. There were 3 serous MEEs and 2 mucous MEEs, which were PCR-positive for A. otitidis, and there was a significant difference between them. Antibiotic therapy didn't contribute to PCR-positive for A.otitidis. Conclusion There is A. otitidis in the MEEs of adult SOM and it may be a pathogenic factor in SOM. A. otitidis may play an important role in chronic SOM.