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Objective:To explore whether chronic fluorosis can cause liver fibrosis in rats by observing expression changes in type Ⅰcollagen (Col-Ⅰ), type Ⅲ collagen (Col-Ⅲ) and alpha smooth actin (α-SMA) in the liver tissue of chronic fluorosis rats.Methods:According to body weight (90 - 100 g), forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into control group (drinking water fluoride ion concentration < 0.5 mg/L), low, medium and high concentration fluoride groups (drinking water fluoride ion concentration of 5.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L), with 12 rats in each group (half male and half female), and fed for 6 months. Fluoride ion selective electrode method was used to detect bone fluoride and urinary fluoride levels; hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological and morphological changes and the collagen deposition of liver tissue; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ and α-SMA mRNA and protein expressions.Results:There was significant difference in bone fluoride and urine fluoride between the 4 groups [bone fluoride: (92.52 ± 5.64), (112.21 ± 11.86), (142.99 ± 7.87), (235.63 ± 11.55) mg/kg; urinary fluoride: (5.47 ± 0.88), (17.78 ± 1.48), (54.16 ± 5.96), (121.11 ± 6.32) mg/L, P < 0.001]. Under light microscope, with the increase of fluoride concentration, the degree of hepatic cell edema was aggravated, and the deposition of collagen fiber around the central vein and the portal area increased significantly. The mRNA expression level of Col-Ⅰ in low, medium and high concentration fluoride groups (1.20 ± 0.09, 1.80 ± 0.08, 1.58 ± 0.06) was significantly higher than that in control group (1.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05); Col-Ⅲ and α-SMA mRNA expression levels in medium and high concentration fluoride groups (Col-Ⅲ: 1.15 ± 0.14, 1.64 ± 0.24; α-SMA: 1.69 ± 0.02, 2.34 ± 0.06) were significantly higher than those of low concentration fluoride group (Col-Ⅲ: 0.59 ± 0.17; α-SMA: 0.80 ± 0.13, P < 0.05). With the increase of fluoride concentration, the liver tissue Col-Ⅰ(0.00 ± 0.00, 0.03 ± 0.01, 0.08 ± 0.01, 0.13 ± 0.02), Col-Ⅲ (17 803.05 ± 3 221.16, 47 523.15 ± 3 490.10, 127 786.35 ± 13 008.86, 237 233.03 ± 47 614.63) and α-SMA (516.83 ± 181.18, 2 885.03 ± 864.92, 11 186.94 ± 2 394.08, 37 182.43 ± 12 390.59) protein levels were also increased significantly ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Long-term excessive intake of fluorine may cause the production of collagen fibers around the central vein and the portal area of the liver in rats to increase, and then lead to the formation of liver fibrosis.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection on renal function, TGF- β 1 and α -SMA in patients with obstructive hydronephrosis. Methods 37 cases with obstructive hydronephrosis treated in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled as the research object, all patients after admission were perfect relevant examination, after exclude contraindications underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection treatment. The operative time, the success rate of first puncture, the amount of bleeding during operation, hospitalization time, incidence of complications, preoperative and postoperative 3 d, 7 d renal function preoperative, postoperative, 7 d urine transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF- β 1) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α -SMA) were observed. Results The operation time was 52~93 minutes in 37 patients, the average operation time was (62.31±8.26) minutes; One puncture was successful in 37 cases, the success rate of one puncture was 100%. The intraoperative blood loss was 51 ~ 102 mL, the average amount of bleeding was (80.27±18.15) mL. The hospitalization time was 3 ~ 9 d, the average time was (6.12±1.97)d.In 37 cases, three cases were blocked by ostomy, the incidence rate was 8.11 %; The fistula was removed in one cases, the incidence rate was 2.70%; seven cases with dermatitis around the fistula, the incidence rate was 18.92%. At 3 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased than before operation (P<0.05). At 7 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased compared with preoperative and postoperative 3 d (P<0.05). The levels of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in patients were significantly lower than those before operation at 7 days after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection in the treatment of obstructive hydronephrosis can timely drainage of urine, improve renal function, avoid ipsilateral renal interstitial fibrosis. The utility model has the advantages of high rate of success and safe operation.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection on renal function, TGF- β 1 and α -SMA in patients with obstructive hydronephrosis. Methods 37 cases with obstructive hydronephrosis treated in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled as the research object, all patients after admission were perfect relevant examination, after exclude contraindications underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection treatment. The operative time, the success rate of first puncture, the amount of bleeding during operation, hospitalization time, incidence of complications, preoperative and postoperative 3 d, 7 d renal function preoperative, postoperative, 7 d urine transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF- β 1) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α -SMA) were observed. Results The operation time was 52~93 minutes in 37 patients, the average operation time was (62.31±8.26) minutes; One puncture was successful in 37 cases, the success rate of one puncture was 100%. The intraoperative blood loss was 51 ~ 102 mL, the average amount of bleeding was (80.27±18.15) mL. The hospitalization time was 3 ~ 9 d, the average time was (6.12±1.97)d.In 37 cases, three cases were blocked by ostomy, the incidence rate was 8.11 %; The fistula was removed in one cases, the incidence rate was 2.70%; seven cases with dermatitis around the fistula, the incidence rate was 18.92%. At 3 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased than before operation (P<0.05). At 7 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased compared with preoperative and postoperative 3 d (P<0.05). The levels of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in patients were significantly lower than those before operation at 7 days after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection in the treatment of obstructive hydronephrosis can timely drainage of urine, improve renal function, avoid ipsilateral renal interstitial fibrosis. The utility model has the advantages of high rate of success and safe operation.