RESUMEN
Resumen: El ameloblastoma es un tumor odontogénico localmente invasivo cuyo diagnóstico precoz es difícil. El tratamiento puede variar desde una enucleación simple, una enucleación asociada a curetaje y/o crioterapia hasta amplias resecciones quirúrgicas. En este presente estudio se utilizaron los datos epidemiológicos de los pacientes tales como nombre, edad, género, tipo de ameloblastoma, región y tipo de tratamiento. Éstos fueron colectados a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes tratados en el Conjunto Hospitalar del Mandaqui durante el periodo de 01/01/2010 al 30/08/2016. Los datos fueron transcritos para el formulario usado cotidianamente en el hospital y presentados en tablas y gráficos. De las 11 historias clínicas seleccionadas, seis pacientes pertenecían al sexo masculino y cinco al sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 32 años. La región mandibular fue la más comprometida según los datos recolectados (91%). Radiográficamente, la imagen visualizada en una mayor frecuencia fue la multilocular (64%), y por otro lado, la presencia del ameloblastoma uniquístico fue detectada en cuatro casos (36%). El tratamiento consistió en la descompresión seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), resección segmentar en un caso (9%), resección segmentar seguida de reconstrucción en dos casos (18%), enucleación seguida de curetaje en tres casos (27%), curetaje y aplicación de solución de Carnoy en dos casos (18%). El periodo máximo de acompañamiento fue de cinco años, no presentándose recidiva en este periodo; sin embargo, hubo pérdida de acompañamiento de estos pacientes. Con base en los datos obtenidos en la población estudiada, se concluyó que la edad promedio varió de 10 a 66 años con una media de 32 años; por otro lado, el sexo masculino fue el más comprometido correspondiendo al 55% de la muestra, siendo el tipo radiográfico de la lesión más encontrado el multilocular (64%). Finalmente, el área mandibular más afectada fue la región posterior de la mandíbula (73%) y el tipo de tratamiento con mayor prevalencia fue el desbridamiento (27%).
Abstract: Ameloblastoma is a locally invasive, odontogenic tumor of difficult early diagnosis. Treatment can vary from simple enucleation, enucleation associated to curettage and/or cryotherapy up to extensive surgical resections. The present study used epidemiological data of patients such as name, age, gender, type of ameloblastoma, region and type of treatment. Aforementioned data were collected from clinical histories of patients treated at the Mandaqui Hospital Compound during the period 01/01/ 2010 to 08/30/2016. Data were transcribed for the forms used every day in hospital, and were presented in tables and graphs. Out of 11 selected clinical histories, six patients were male and five female, average age was 32 years. According to collected data, mandibular region was the most compromised (91%). Radiographically, the most frequently image was multilocular (64%), presence of single-cyst ameloblastoma was detected in four cases (36%). In three cases (27%) treatment consisted on decompression followed by curettage, in one case (9%) segmented resection was performed, in two cases (18%), segmented resection followed by reconstruction was achieved, in three cases (27%) enucleation followed by curettage, in two cases (18%), curettage and application of Carnoy solution. Maximum follow up period was five years, no recurrence was observed in that period, nevertheless, there was follow up loss in these patients. Based on data obtained from studied population, it was concluded that average age varied from 10 to 66 years, mean age 32 years; on the other hand, male gender was the most compromised (55%), multilocular lesions were the most frequently found lesions (64%). Finally the most affected mandibular area was the posterior region of the lower jaw (73%), most frequent type of treatment was debridement (27%).
RESUMEN
Ameloblastomas are odontogenic tumors that are locally invasive and slow-growing. Their etiology is still not well defined, but the forms of treatment have been widely discussed because of the possibility of tumor recurrence and postoperative complications. In this study, six patients who were diagnosed with ameloblastoma in the mandibular region and were treated in the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, between 1958 and 1963, were evaluated. The radiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics were evaluated. There was no predominance regarding gender in the sample studied. The symptoms most often presented by the patients were pain and tumor formation. The radiological characteristics with greatest incidence were multilocular lesions and the treatment used for all the patients was radical surgery. There was no recurrence over the minimum follow-up period of one year and six months...
Os ameloblastomas são tumores odontogênicos, localmente invasivos e de crescimento lento. Sua etiologia ainda não foi bem definida e as formas de tratamento são amplamente discutidas, por causa de possíveis recidivas do tumor e complicações pós-operatórias. Neste trabalho, foram avaliados seis pacientes diagnosticados com ameloblastoma na região mandibular e tratados no Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do HC-UFG, de 1958 a 1963. Foram avaliadas as características radiológicas, clínicas e terapêuticas. Não houve predomínio em relação ao gênero na amostra estudada. Os sintomas mais apresentados pelos pacientes foram dor e tumoração. As características radiológicas de maior incidência são de uma lesão multilocular e o tratamento usado em todos os pacientes foi o cirúrgico radical. A recidiva foi nula em um tempo mínimo de um ano e sete meses de seguimento...