Correlation between visceral adipose index and glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国基层医药

Objectives:To investigate the relationship between visceral adipose index and glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:A total of 1 036 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received treatment in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from May 2017 to May 2018 were included in this study. The visceral adipose index was detected using a bioresistance assay. These patients were divided into four groups using the quartile method: Visceral adipose index < 8.10 (q1 group, n = 246), 9.60 > visceral adipose index ≥ 8.10 (q2 group, n = 64), 11.10 > visceral adipose index ≥ 9.60 (q3 group, n = 423), visceral adipose index ≥ 11.10 (q4 group, n = 233). One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the differences among groups. Partial correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the correlation between body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat content, visceral adipose index, and urinary microalbumin and glomerular filtration rate. Results:With the increase in the visceral adipose index, the glomerular filtration rate gradually decreased. The glomerular filtration rate in the q1, q2, q3, q4 groups was (112.19 ± 31.74) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (106.14 ± 28.26) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (104.73 ± 23.63) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (103.40 ± 27.51) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, respectively. In the female group, with the increase in visceral adipose index, the glomerular filtration rate decreased gradually. After controlling for age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension, the visceral adipose index was significantly correlated with the glomerular filtration rate ( r = -0.10, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that visceral adipose index and waist-to-height ratio were closely related to glomerular filtration rate ( F = 6.00, P < 0.001). Conclusion:With the increase of visceral adipose index, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat content, and urinary microalbumin increased gradually. When the visceral adipose index is greater than 9.60, the glomerular filtration rate is significantly decreased. Therefore, it is suggested to adopt various methods to evaluate obesity in clinical work, and visceral fat index should be paid more attention, especially when the visceral fat index is greater than 9.60.

Correlation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels with hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国基层医药

Objective:To correlate serum 25-hydroxylvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels with hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:A total of 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Siming Branch, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China from February 2018 to August 2020 were included in this study. These patients were stratified according to hypertension, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. The correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone and hypertension was analyzed.Results:Among the 100 patients with type 2 diabetes meliitus, 25 patients had grade 1 hypertension, 30 patients had grade 2 hypertension, 45 patients had grade 3 hypertension, 5 patients (5%) had sufficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 10 patients (10%) had insufficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 85 patients (85%) had inadequate levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 hypertension were (12.18 ± 2.52) μg/L, (12.45 ± 2.39) μg/L, (10.33 ± 1.26) μg/L, respectively, and parathyroid hormone levels were (36.48 ± 0.25) ng/L, (41.15 ± 0.39) ng/L, and (47.52 ± 1.44) ng/L, respectively. As blood pressure increased, the patient's serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D increased first and then decreased, while parathyroid hormone levels gradually increased. However, there were no statistically significant differences in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone between patients of different hypertension grades ( F = 0.96, 1.93, both P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension in type 2 diabetes patients was correlated with age, body mass index, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D level, glycated hemoglobin and parathyroid hormone level ( OR = 1.076, 1.266, 0.937, 1.257, 1.000, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:The serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are related to hypertension.

Voltammetric Determination of Ascorbic Acid in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Modified Iodine-Coated Platinum Electrode / Determinación voltamétrica del ácido ascórbico en formulaciones farmacéuticas utilizando un electrodo de platino modificado recubierto de yodo

Background: Despite the high reactivity of the platinum electrode, the iodine-coated platinum electrode shows obvious inertness toward adsorption and surface processes. For that, iodine-coated platinum electrodes accommodate themselves to interesting voltammetric applications. Objectives: This study reports using the modified iodine-coated polycrystalline platinum electrode as a voltammetric sensor for ascorbic acid determination in pharmaceutical formulations. Methods: The developed voltammetric method based on recording cyclic voltammograms of ascorbic acid at iodine-coated electrode The optimized experimental parameters for the determination of ascorbic acid were using 0.1 M KCl as a supporting electrolyte with a scan rate of 50mV/s. Results: The anodic peak related to ascorbic acid oxidation was centered at nearly 0.28V. An excellent and extended linear dependence of the oxidative peak current on the concentration of ascorbic acid was observed in the range 2.84x10-3 - 5.68 mM. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 1.0 µM and 3.01 µM, respectively, attesting to the method's sensitivity. The investigation for the effect of potential interference from multivitamin tablet ingredients (vitamins B1, B6, B12, folic acid, citric acid, sucrose, glucose, and zinc) indicated specific selectivity toward ascorbic acid and the absence of any electrochemical response toward these components. Recovery results in the range 98.93±2.78 - 99.98±5.20 for spiked standard ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical formulations further confirmed the potential applicability of the developed method for the determination of ascorbic acid in real samples. Conclusions: The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and the obtained results were in good agreement with the labeled values; besides, the statistical tests indicated no significant difference at p=0.05 with a 95% confidence level

Antecedentes: A pesar de su alta reactividad, el electrodo de platino recubierto de yodo muestra una inercia evidente hacia la adsorción y los procesos superficiales. Por ello, los electrodos de platino recubiertos de yodo se adaptan a interesantes aplicaciones voltamétricas. Objetivos: Este estudio informa sobre el uso del electrodo de platino policristalino recubierto de yodo modificado como sensor voltamétrico para la determinación del ácido ascórbico en formulaciones farmacéuticas. Métodos: El método voltamétrico desarrollado se basa en el registro de voltamperogramas cíclicos del ácido ascórbico en el electrodo recubierto de yodo Los parámetros experimentales optimizados para la determinación del ácido ascórbico fueron utilizando KCl 0,1 M como electrolito de soporte con una velocidad de barrido de 50mV/s. Resultados: El pico anódico relacionado con la oxidación del ácido ascórbico se centró en casi 0,28V. Se observó una excelente y extendida dependencia lineal de la corriente del pico oxidativo con respecto a la concentración de ácido ascórbico en el rango 2,84x10-3 - 5,68 mM. El límite de detección (LOD) y el límite de cuantificación (LOQ) fueron 1,0 µM y 3,01 µM, respectivamente, lo que demuestra la sensibilidad del método. La investigación del efecto de la interferencia potencial de los ingredientes de las tabletas multivitamínicas (vitaminas B1, B6, B12, ácido fólico, ácido cítrico, sacarosa, glucosa y zinc) indicó una selectividad específica hacia el ácido ascórbico y la ausencia de cualquier respuesta electroquímica hacia estos componentes. Los resultados de recuperación en el rango de 98,93±2,78 - 99,98±5,20 para el ácido ascórbico estándar adicionado en formulaciones farmacéuticas confirmaron además la potencial aplicabilidad del método desarrollado para la determinación del ácido ascórbico en muestras reales. Conclusiones: El método desarrollado se aplicó con éxito al análisis de ácido ascórbico (vitamina C), y los resultados obtenidos coincidieron con los valores etiquetados; además, las pruebas estadísticas no indicaron diferencias significativas a p=0,05 con un nivel de confianza del 95%

Literature Analysis for Network Pharmacology Research of TCM Compound Prescription / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To comprehensi vely evaluate the application progress of network pharmacology methods in TCM compound prescription research ，and to provide reference for modernization of TCM compound prescription research. METHODS ： Taking“network pharmacology ”and“TCM compound prescription ”as keywords ，the literatures were retrieved from CNKI ， Wanfang database and VIP during May 2006 to May 2020. Screening literature ，the databases ，analysis platforms ，and software used of the literature were summarized ；on the basis of quantitative analysis ，the application of network pharmacology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine compound were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：There were a total of 761 valid literatures ，among which the number of literatures that could be retrieved in 2019 reached 313. In the modernization research of TCM compound prescription ，network pharmacology methods were mainly usedmechanism ，material basis of pharmacodynamics ， compatibility law ，compound optimization ，and“effect-toxic”network. Commonly used databasesand platforms included traditional chinese medicine information database （TCMSP and TCMID ），therapeutic target database （TTD，OMIM），drug targets and target prediction platform （Drugbank，SwissTargetPrediction，TargetNet，PharmMapper），network pharmacology analysis and prediction software and platform （CytoScape），etc. Network pharmacology method was widely used in the field of TCM compound prescription research ，and provided new ideas and methods for the modernization of TCM compound prescription research. In the future，the related research can be combined with the pharmacokinetic parameters ，the efficacy of active compounds and related basic experiments ，use the weighted method to carry out network pharmacology analysis ，and integrate the information of multiple databases to improve the scientificity of research results.

Advances in the Components Analysis of Aminoglycosides / 中国药学杂志

This paper first briefly introduces the basic information of aminoglycosides for pharmaceutical use such as origin, classification, chemical structures, diversity of composition and the research originators, etc. Then it reviews the development process of the technologies for the analysis of components of aminoglycosides, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current methodologies and explains the advantage of liquid chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection method for analysis of the components of aminoglycosides. At last, it introduces some new analysis technologies and ideas and forecasts the direction of future development.

Analysis on Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Patterns in 3609 Patients with Osteoarthritis Based on The Real World / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used as a complementary approach for osteoarthritis treatment.This article is based on the real world.The implicit prescription patterns behind TCM formulae were examined by association rules mining and cluster analysis,so as to explore the Chinese medicinal compatibility patterns or rules in osteoarthritis treatment.This study was based on real-world data from the hospital information system (HIS).Chinese medicinal prescriptions of hospitalized patients with osteoarthritis from June 2012 to June 2016 were collected from the Department of Rheumatism and Immunology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine.TCM was listed according to the selected medicinal formulae and the added information was organized to establish a database.The frequency and association rules of prescription patterns were analyzed using the SPSS Modeler 14.2 Data Mining System.Cluster analysis of prescription patterns was also analyzed.An initial statistical analysis was carried out to categorize herbs according to their natures,flavors,channel tropisms and functions.Based on categorization,frequencies of occurrence were computed.At the same time,the relationship between TCM and immune and inflammatory markers was analyzed.The results showed that the main prescriptive features from the selected formulae of the mining data were that,(1) warm or cold herbs,sweet or bitter herbs,and with the channel tropism of spleen channel are the most frequently prescribed herbs in 3609 medicinal formulae;(2) herbs with blood-activating and stasis-resolving,restoring vital energy,water-eliminating and damp-removing,heat-clearing and or expelling wind-damp functions are frequently prescribed;(3) association rule analysis extracted three frequently used pairs of herbs,which are Hong Hua & Tao Ren (98.90％),Pu Gong Ying & Bai Hua She She Cao (97.88％),Fu Ling & Ze Xie (92.63％);(4) association rule between TCM and immune-inflammation index showed that the pair of Du Huo and Chen Pi was associated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme.The pair of Mai Ya and Dan Shen was associated with decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),complement component 3 (C3),complement component 4 (C4),immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG).The pair of Mai Ya and Fu Ling was associated with decreased immunoglobulin M (IgM).It was concluded that osteoarthritis was closely related to spleen deficiency.These prescriptions focus on herbs for qi-nourishing and spleen-invigorating,blood-activating and stasis-resolving,spleen-invigorating and dampness-eliminating,heat-clearing and detoxicating which seems to be the key element in the treatment process.Meanwhile,the use of restoring vital energy herbs and spleen-strengthening herbs also forms the basis of prescription patterns.

Analysis of the polymorphs of carbamazepin tablets by laser confocal micro-Raman spectrometer and establishment of the identification test model / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the polymorphs of carbamazepin tablets by laser confocal micro-Raman spectrometer and establish the identification test model. METHODS: Reference Raman spectra of the four crystal forms of carbamazepin were established; then the polymorphs of the carbamazepin tablets from different manufacturers were analyzed, and an identification test model was established to distinguish the unknown samples. RESULTS: According to the results of the cluster analysis, the four batches of carbamazepin tablets from domestic manufacturers belonged to crystal form III. A qualitative model was created by choosing the first derivative and vector normalization method to process the spectra, using the factorization method to calculate, and selecting the 200-500, 650-850, 1 000-1 100, 1 500-1 700 cm-1 regions to compare. This model was verified to have high sensitivity, specificity, precisicion, negative prediction ability, and detection efficiency. CONCLUSION: The laser confocal micro-Raman spectrometer canbe used to analyze the polymorphs of carbamazepin tablets and the qualitative identification is rapid and accurate.

READ. DBC: um pacote para importação de dados do datasus na linguagem R / READDBC: a package for importing datasus' data in the R language

Este artigo apresenta um novo pacote para a linguagem R com a finalidade de ler arquivos de dados do DATASUS em formato DBC. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma análise do formato do arquivo DBC e desenvolvido um software de conversão deste formato para DBF. O código foi encapsulado em um pacote para distribuição. RESULTADOS: O pacote read.dbc simplificou o processo de importação de dados do DATASUS na linguagem R, permitindo a leitura direta do arquivo DBC sem necessidade de conversão prévia. CONCLUSÃO: Este trabalho contribui para a democratização do acesso aos dados do DATASUS, flexibilizando as tecnologias empregadas na análise de dados para além das ferramentas disponíveis até o momento.

This article presents a new package for the R language with the objective of reading the DBC file format usedby DATASUS. METHODS: an analysis of the DBC file format has been made and a software was written to convert it tothe DBF format. The resulting code was encapsulated in a package structure for deployment. RESULTS: The read.dbcpackage has simplified the data import process from DATASUS in the R language, allowing the direct read of the DBC file without previous conversion. CONCLUSION: This work contributes to the democratization of the access to DATASUS data, enabling new technologies to be employed in data analysis beyond the tools available at the present date.

Análise fitoquímica, potencial antioxidante e toxicidade do extrato bruto etanólico e das frações da espécie Senecio westermaniiDusén frente à Artemia salina / Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant potential and toxicity of crude ethanol extract and fractions of the species Senecio westermanii Dusén against Artemia salina

RESUMO A espécie Senecio westermanii Dusén pertencente à família Asteraceae é planta endêmica e nativa do Brasil encontrada na região da Floresta Atlântica, nos estados do Paraná e São Paulo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição fitoquímica do extrato bruto etanólico e frações das partes aéreas (folha e caule) de S. westermanii utilizando-se a análise fitoquímica qualitativa e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector de arranjo de diodos (CLAE-DAD), avaliar in vitro a toxicidade preliminar utilizando Artemia salina e o potencial antioxidante. O estudo fitoquímico qualitativo revelou a presença de alcaloides, flavonoides, iridoides, esteroides/triterpenos, heterosídeos saponínicos e aminogrupos. Através da análise realizada por CLAE-DAD obteve-se o fingerprint característico de cada amostra. No ensaio frente à A. salina houve ausência de toxicidade das amostras, o resultado da DL50 para todas as amostras foi superior a 1000 μg/mL. Todas as amostras apresentaram atividade antioxidante pela redução do complexo fosfomolibdênio, com destaque para a fração clorofórmio que apresentou atividade antioxidante de 92,51% em relação ao padrão rutina. Com relação ao ensaio de redução do radical DPPH•, a fração acetato de etila apresentou IC50 de 26,98 μg/mL. Pelo ensaio do ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) a fração hexano apresentou o melhor índice antioxidante em relação ao padrão rutina. Os resultados obtidos demonstram evidências de que a espécie é fonte potencial de antioxidantes naturais, estimulando assim novos estudos que viabilizam sua utilização no tratamento de patologias associadas aos radicais livres. Além disso, a espécie não apresentou atividade tóxica preliminar, assegurando sua aplicabilidade.

ABSTRACT The species Senecio westermanii Dusén, which belongs to the Asteraceae family, is an endemic and native plant from Brazil. It is found mainly in the Atlantic Forest region, in Paraná and São Paulo states. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition using a qualitative phytochemical analysis and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), to evaluate preliminary toxicity in vitro using Artemia salina and antioxidant potential. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, iridoids, steroids, triterpenes, saponinic glycosides and aminogroups. The analysis by HPLC-DAD provided the characteristic fingerprint of each sample. In the A. salina assay, the results of LD50 over 1000 μg/mL for all samples did not indicate toxicity of the evaluated extracts. All samples demonstrated antioxidant activity by reducing phosphomolybdenum complex. The highest activity was detected in the chloroform fraction, which presented activity of 92.51% compared to the standard rutin. Regarding the trial to reduce the radical DPPH•, the ethyl acetate fraction showed an IC50 of 26.98 µg/mL. In the thiobarbituric acid assay (TBARS), the hexane fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity compared to the standard rutin. These findings indicate that the Senecio westermanii is a potential source of natural antioxidants, stimulating new studies that enable their use in the treatment of disorders associated with free radicals. In addition, the species did not present toxicity in its evaluation, ensuring its applicability.

Critical incidents in the process of medication in a neonatal unit: a descriptive study

This is a research project of the Academic Masters in the Sciences of Health Care, from Fluminense Federal University. Aim: To observe the process of medication performed by the nursing team in the Neonatal Unit of Pedro Ernesto College Hospital. Aims: To characterize the process of preparation and administration of medication on the part of the nursing team, before and after changes implemented by the management of the unit; to analyze the situations, behavior and consequences, both positive and negative, identified in the process, based on the reports of the professionals involved; to discuss the impact and implications of the changes implemented. Method: This is a descriptive, qualitative research, using a Critical Incident Technique (CIT) approach. After the data collection, involving recorded, semi-structured interviews with nursing professionals, the interviews will be fully transcribed and then textually analyzed using ALCESTE software. The results can assist the creation of a work procedure in terms of the medication system, improving the assistance provided by nursing staff in any institution.

Comentários de um treinador de futebol em condições de treino e competição / Comments from a soccer coach during training and competition situations

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se há diferenças nos comentários de um treinador de futebol amador direcionados a atletas em treino e competição. Participou da pesquisa um professor de educação física, que é treinador de uma escolinha de futebol. Com um gravador MP4 foram gravados quatro treinos e dois jogos. Os comentários do treinador foram transcritos e categorizados de acordo com duas grandes categorias de análise: Negativa, que se subdivide em Corretiva e Irônico-repressiva e Positiva, que se subdivide em Reforçadora, Motivadora e Instrucional. Os resultados apontam que a categoria Instrucional ocorre com maior frequência em ambas as situações de análise. Os dados indicam, no entanto, uma diferença na frequência total de comentários. A frequência total de comentários foi maior durante ambos os jogos em comparação aos treinos precedentes. Além disto, a ocorrência de comentários reforçadores é pouco frequente, fato que pode ter implicações no aprendizado dos alunos/jogadores.

The primary objective of this paper was to verify if there were differences in an amateur soccer coach comments targeted to athletes in training and competition situations. The behavior of a physical education teacher coaching an amateur soccer team was recorded, with a MP4 device. Coaching comments were recorded during two games and four training situations. Further, these comments were transcribed and categorized in two main categories: Negative, which is subdivided into Corrective and Ironic-Repressive comments, and Positive, which is subdivided into Reinforcing, Motivating and Instructional comments. The results indicated that the Instructional category occurred more frequently in both analysis conditions. The data shows, however, differences in the overall frequency of comments. The overall comments frequency were higher during both games than during the previous trainings situations. Furthermore, the occurrence of reinforcing feedback is infrequent, which may have implications for the students/players learning.

Application of structural equation model on validity assessment of the evaluation indicator system / 中华医学科研管理杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the application of the Structure Equation Model on validity assessment of the evaluation indicator system,we studied Medical Capital Development Fund projects in 2007 to evaluate their construct validity.MethodsPart of the evaluation results (1200 items) were divided into two parts randomly.PART1 was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to explore the Indicator System' structure,and formed model F1.Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess the construct validity of model F1.With considerations of Modification Index(MI) and reality,F1 was modified into F3.At last,we take PART2 as the sample to confirm F3.ResultThe results of model F3 fit indices showed a better fit.All the path coefficients,estimated load factors and other parameters were statistically significant.ConclusionStructural Equation Model is professional,reliable and satisfactory for the evaluation of indicator system's contract validity.

Teoria humanística: análise semântica do conceito de community / Humanistic theory: semantic analysis of the community concept / Teoría humanística: análisis semántico del concepto de community

A teoria Humanística de Enfermagem apresenta a palavra community que pode ser interpretada como comunidade e comunhão. Este estudo objetivou refletir criticamente acerca da clareza semântica do conceito de community. Pesquisa bibliográfica realizada em dicionários, na literatura de lingüística, fenomenologia com a utilização do modelo de análise de teorias de Meleis. Após leitura compreensiva da Teoria Humanística recortamos trechos onde aparece a palavra community a qual foi substituída por comunhão e comunidade. Inferimos que community é usada de forma indistinta pelas autoras podendo significar comunidade e comunhão. Concluímos que embora as teóricas utilizem o termo comunidade para designar fenômenos que estariam mais bem representados pelo termo comunhão, este pode ser apreendido em sua plenitude como a perfeita união das palavras princípio EU-TU originando o NÓS.

The humanistic theory in Nursing introduces the word community, which can be understood as community and communion. The aim of this study is to critically analyze the true semantic meaning of community. This study was conducted through bibliographic research in dictionaries, Linguistics literature and Phenomenology by using Meleis' model of theory analysis. After carefully reading about Humanistic Theory, we have clipped some passages where communion and community replaced the word community. We then inferred that community is indistinctly used by authors and can be understood as community and communion, and we reached the conclusion that although theorists commonly use the term `community' to refer to phenomena which would be better characterized by the term `communion', `community' can be totally comprehended as a perfect union between the beginning-words ME-YOU giving rise to US.

La teoría Humanística de Enfermería presenta la palabra community, que se puede interpretar como comunidad y comunión. Reflexionar de forma crítica sobre la exactitud semántica del concepto community fue el objetivo del estudio. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica en diccionarios, en la literatura lingüística, en fenomenología, utilizando el modelo de análisis de teorías de Meleis. Tras una lectura comprensiva de la Teoría Humanística se recortaron fragmentos donde la palabra community se había sustituido por comunión y comunidad. Se infiere que community está utilizada de modo indistinto por las autoras, y así, puede significar tanto comunidad como comunión. Se concluye que, aunque las teóricas usen el término comunidad para designar fenómenos que estarían mejor representados por el término comunión, éste se puede tomar en su plenitud, como la perfecta unión de las palabras YO-TÚ que originan al NOSOTROS.

Microsatellite analysis of BAT-26 and BAT-25 in nodal non-Hodgkin′s lymphomas / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To investigate the existence of micro sa tellite instability in nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas by microsatellite analysis of BAT-26 and BAT-25.Methods:Frozen tissues of 51 nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 9 lymphoid reactive hyperplasia were collected by surgical biopsy. Genomic DNA was extracted. Microsatellite alterations of BAT-26 and BAT-25 were detected b y polymerase chain reaction(PCR)followed by fragment analysis using automatic DNA sequencer and GeneScan 3.1 software. 10 cases of hereditary nonpolyposis col orectal cancers with known high frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) we re retrieved as positive controls. Results:No aberration of mon onucleotide duplication in the microsatellite markers BAT-26 and BAT-25 was ob served in all successfully amplified specimens.Conclusions:The microsatellite analysis of BAT-26 and BAT-25, two highly sensitive markers to microsatellite status in colorectal tumors, demonstrated no evidence of MSI-H i n nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The existence of low frequency microsatellite instability and participation of mismatch repair genes in lymphomagenesis remain to be determined by further studies.

Retrospective Analysis of 184 Adverse Drug Reactions Cases / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the related factors that initiating the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS: The 184 ADR reports occurred from April, 1999 to July, 2004 were analyzed by a descriptive research method. RESULTS: Among the 184 cases, female cases outnumbered the male cases with the ratio at M∶F=1∶1.4, 122 cases were the elderly at the age of more than 60 which accounts for 66.30% of the total;there were 123 single medication cases and 61 combined medication cases;there were 23 severe cases, 128 moderate cases and 33 mild cases; 153 patients were symptomatically treated, 31 cased were not given special treatment;161 patients were fully recovered, 17 cases showed some improvement and 6 cases did have sequela;in the cause-effect relationship assessment, there were 3 certain cases, 153 probable cases and 28 possible cases; the anti-infective-led ADR accounted for 64.39%, then came the central nervous system drugs and Chinese traditional medicines at a percentage of 12.33% and 10.55% respectively;skin and its appendages impairment cases were the most with a percentage at 67.55%.CONCLUSION: To lessen or avoid the occurrence of ADR, monitoring of which and publicizing of ADR knowledge should be emphasized.