Anatomical Achievement and Thought of Leonardo da Vinci / 체질인류학회지

Leonardo da Vinci is remembered as the greatest genius of the Renaissance. He left outstanding achievements as an artist, scientist and inventor, and contributes up to today's science. He ranks the best in a variety of fields, such as botany, mathematics, geology, astronomy, geometry and optics. It has well known that Leonardo is an artist, scientist, inventor and philosopher. And he was a great anatomist that dissected dead bodies and animals directly and left many anatomical drawings. He took an interest in anatomy from the point of view of the artist, which is why the human body structure and function to know the sakes were "ignorant of the anatomy should not be upset." Over time, he became interested in the structure and function of the body, even get the human body in a difficult environment; he dissected many the human bodies directly. His scientific inquiry and infatuation made him as an advanced pioneer for more than 100 years, and got enough level to surpass the artistry. Leonardo left about 1,800 anatomical figures of the muscular, skeletal, vascular, nervous and urogenital system, and they are also very scientific and high artistic achievements. The aim of this article is to take a look at Leonardo da Vinci's anatomical achievements and thoughts. In addition, the goal is to knowledge today's anatomists about Leonardo da Vinci's astonishing achievements as a great pioneer in anatomy.

Rufus de éfeso (I d.C. ), médico y anatomista greco-romano / Rufus of ephesus (I a.C. ), medical doctor and greco-roman anatomist

Rufus de Éfeso (I d.C.), prominente médico-cirujano y anatomista greco-romano. Experto en anatomia, fisiología, observación clínica, cirugía y en el tratamiento de enfermedades, realizo hallazgos anatómicos y fisiológicos extraordinarios, entre otros permanecen conservados fragmentos de sus obras como: en la nomenclatura de las partes del cuerpo humano, en enfermedades del riñón y la vejiga, así como y en el interrogatorio del paciente.

Rufus of Ephesus (I a.C.), outstanding medical doctor, surgeon and greco-roman anatomist. Expert in anatomy, physiology, clinical observation, surgery and in treatment of the diseases, He realized extraordinary anatomical and physiological findings; among others remain conserved fragments of his works like: In nomenclature of the parts of the human body, In diseases of the kidney and the bladder, and In the interrogation of the patient.

Leo Testut (1849-1925)

Leo Testut (1849-1925), Profesor de Anatomía de la Facultad de Medicina de Lyon desde 1886 hasta 1919. Miembro de la Academia Francesa de Medicina y presidente de la Asociación Mundial de Anatomistas. Fundó y dirigió la "Revista Internacional de Anatomía y de Histología". Realizó más de 90 publicaciones sobre materias de anatomía, antropología e historia, destacándose su tratado de Anatomía Humana, publicado inicialmente en 1887 y de uso aún vigente como libro de texto y/o de consulta en muchas de las Facultades de Medicina de América Latina y de Europa.

Leo Testut (1849-1925), Professor of Anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine of Lyon since 1886 to 1919. Member of the French Academy of Medicine and president of the International Association of Anatomists. Testut founded and directed the ¨International Journal of Anatomy and Histology¨. He realized more than 90 publications on anatomy matters, anthropology and history, his outstanding work of Human Anatomy, first published in 1887 and even useful as textbook is used for consultation in many Medical Faculties of Latin America and Europe.

Dr. Choi Myung-Hak the First Modern Korean Anatomist / 의사학

Though it is known that the concept of anatomy was introduced in the age of Three Kingdoms, anatomy in modern sense meaning was introduced in late Chosun Dynasty by western missionary doctors. From that time on the lecture of anatomy was not given by anatomist until early 1910s. The first Korean anatomist of medical school graduates was Choi Myung Hak, graduated from Severance Union Medical College(SUMC) in 1926. He was born in 1898 at Ham Heung(Ham Gyung Nam Do Province), and entered SUMC in 1922 and graduated in 1926. He was in charge of anatomy for two years after graduation, and then he went to Kyoto Imperial University Medical College(KIUMC) and researched under the direction of Dr. Ogawa in the field of experimental embryology and histology. He returned to Korea in 1930 and then became a lecturer in January 1931. His Doctorial thesis was receipted by KIUMC on April 18th 1932. So he became the first Korean Doctor of anatomy. He promoted to professor in February 1933. His publications can be seen in Folia Anatomica Japonica. In 1934 he became a councillor of the Japanese Association of Anatomist. He resigned SUMC because of some kind of problem of the school. From that time on Chung, Il-Chun who was appointed as a lecturer in 1934, was in charge of department of anatomy.