Adequacy of Protein Intake among Korean Elderly: An Analysis of the 2013–2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: Protein intake in South Korea is generally considered to be adequate; however, there is concern that it may be inadequate among the elderly. This study evaluated the adequacy of protein intake, the source of protein, and the distribution of protein intake in daily meals in the Korean elderly population. METHODS: Data were obtained from 1,484 men and 2,028 women aged 60 years or older who had participated in the nutrition survey of the 2013–2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. One-day (24-hour) recall data were used to estimate the daily protein intake. RESULTS: The mean protein intake was 65.3±1.0 g/d (13.1%±0.1% of energy) and 49.7±0.7 g/d (12.6%±0.1% of energy) for men and women, respectively. The protein intake was less than the estimated average requirement in 30.8%±1.4% of men and 42.6%±1.3% of women, and 47.9%±1.6% and 60.1%±1.4%, respectively, consumed less than the recommended daily allowance. The protein intake was relatively evenly distributed among meals; however, the absolute amount of protein consumption per meal was very low. Only one-third of the protein intake came from animal sources. CONCLUSION: The quantity and quality of protein intake were inadequate in the elderly Korean population.

Evolución de la relación entre el consumo de huevo de gallina en el mundo (Gallus gallus domesticus) y los principales alimentos entre 1961 y 2009 / Changes in the relationship of egg consumption and other principle food groups between 1961 and 2009; globally

RESUMEN Introducción: el huevo de gallina es un alimento de gran valor nutricional y es importante conocer las relaciones existentes del consumo de éste con respecto a los principales alimentos de origen animal y vegetal. Objetivo: determinar las relaciones entre los alimentos respecto al consumo de huevo, para el período entre1961 y el 2009 en el mundo. Materiales y métodos: teniendo en cuenta la base de datos de la FAO, se extrajo el consumo per-cápita de los principales grupos alimenticios, se aplicó la técnica de componentes principales (ACP), para detectar el porcentaje total de variabilidad y a la vez el nivel de asociación entre un grupo con predominio de las fuentes de origen animal, otro con predominio de fuentes de origen vegetal y el consumo de huevo. Resultados: en la década del 60 el huevo tuvo un aporte del 14,4 % en la explicación de la relación asociada con el grupo de alimentos predominantemente de origen animal, mientras para la primera década del 2000 solo fue del 4,2 %. Conclusión: las tendencias del consumo de huevo a nivel mundial han cambiado a través del tiempo en las décadas del 60 y el 70, y se ubicaba como el quinto alimento más importante consumido en el mundo, mientras en la primera década del 2000 se localizó en el octavo lugar.

ABSTRACT Introduction the chicken egg is a food of high nutritional value and it is important to understand the relationship between egg consumption other common foods of animal and vegetable origin. Objective determine the relationship between common foods and egg consumption globally during the years 1961 to 2009. Materials and Methods Using FAO databases, per capita consumption of major food groups was extracted and the principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to detect the total percentage of variability and the level of association between groups with predominant animal source intake and those with predominant vegetable and egg source intakes. Results: In the 1960's the egg contributed 14.5 % of intake in its food group, while in the decade 2000, the egg's contribution to its food groups was just 4.8 %. Conclusion Egg consumption trends worldwide have changed over time; in the 1960s and 1970s the egg is ranked as the fifth most consumed food in the world, while in the 2000s it ranked eighth.

Effects of soybean protein and animal protein on renal function of patients with diabetic nephropathy: a Meta-analysis / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of soybean protein and animal protein on renal function of patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods In this Meta-analysis,literatures on the effects of soybean protein and animal protein on renal function of patients with diabetic nephropathy published during January 1980 and November 2011 were reviewed and analyzed quantitatively and synthetically by using Metaanalysis RevMan 5.0 software.Results Five case-control studies met the inclusive criteria and entered into random effect model.In comparison with animal protein,soybean protein significantly improved endogenous creatinine clearance rate (weight mean difference (WMD) =-11.51,95％ confidence interval (CI)-16.37 to 6.65),proteinuria (WMD =-0.96,95％ CI-1.36 to-0.58),urine creatinine (WMD =-1.11,95％ CI-1.91 to-0.30),glomerular filtration rate (WMD =0.28,95％ CI-0.12 to 0.68),serum urea nitrogen (WMD =-0.20,95％ CI-0.60 to 0.19) and serum creatinine (WMD =-0.22,95％ CI-0.54 to 0.10).Conclusions Soy protein seems to have potential to improve urine creatinine clearance,urine creatinine,proteinuria and serum urea nitrogen.However,animal protein may contribute to increased glomerular filtration rate.

Research Progress on the Animal Protein Production in the Bioregenerative Life Support System / 航天医学与医学工程

To realize long-term long distance space exploring flight,the bioregenerative life support system has to be applied.Producing animal protein in this system could increase its closure ability and stability.In this paper,researches and developments on the animal protein production in the bioregenerative life support system from various countries including our research results were introduced in detail through information analyses.The prospects in the future studies were also predicted.It has important references for our country to carry out related investigations.

Growth of broad-nosed caiman, Caiman latirostris (Daudin, 1802) hatchlings, fed with diets of animal origin

The study was carried out to evaluate the growth rate of broad-nosed caiman, Caiman latirostris hatchlings, fed on four animal protein diets: (a) dead poultry from a poultry farm; (b) dead piglet from nursery and farrowing house in a swine farm; (c) whole tilapia (Tilapia rendalli e Oreochromis niloticus); and (d) a balanced mixture of a, b, and c sources. Sixteen seven-month old caimans, average weight of 208 g and, 38 cm of total lenght (TL) were distributed in four treatments. Four groups of four caimans each were placed in cement enclosures inside a greenhouse. Diets were supplied at the average rate of 97.8% ± 34.8% of the body weight per week (average and standard deviation; wet weight basis). Body mass and total length of caimans were measured every 30 days for six months (Nov. 1995-April. 1996). An analysis of variance with repeated measures was performed. Diets provided suitable growth for weight and TL (mean ± standard deviation, respectively): (a) 2,157 ± 743 g and 79.5 ± 6.9 cm; (b) 1,811 ± 222 g and 75.7 ± 1.9 cm; (c) 2,431 ± 780 g and 80.7 ± 5.8 cm; (d) 1,683.5 ± 736 g and 74.5 ± 7.2 cm. There was no significant effect of diet on weight, but diet effect on TL of hatchlings approached significance (p 0.10). It is concluded that all diets have good potential, in growth sense, to be used in commercial farms or ranches and for captivity propagation programs of caimans.

Avaliou-se o crescimento de filhotes de jacaré-do-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) submetidos a quatro dietas: (a) frango proveniente de óbito em aviário; (b) leitão proveniente da mortalidade de maternidade e creche em criações de suínos; (c) tilápia (Tilapia rendalli e Oreochromis niloticus) integral; e (d) uma mistura das fontes a, b e c. Dezesseis jacarés de sete meses de idade, com média de 208 g de massa corporal e 38 cm de comprimento total (CT), foram distribuídos nos quatro tratamentos, em lotes de quatro animais, alojados em recintos de cimento no interior de uma estufa com cobertura plástica. As dietas foram fornecidas a uma taxa de 97,8% ± 34,8% do peso vivo por semana (média e desvio-padrão; base na matéria úmida). O peso e o CT dos jacarés foram tomados a cada 30 dias durante 6 meses (nov./1995 a abril/1996). Foi efetuada uma análise de variância para medidas repetidas. As dietas proporcionaram índices de crescimento elevados, considerando o peso e o CT dos filhotes ao final do estudo: (a) 2.157 ± 743 g e 79,5 ± 6,9 cm; (b) 1.811 ± 222 g e 75,7 ± 1,9 cm; (c) 2.431 ± 780 g e 80,7 ± 5,8 cm; (d) 1.683,5 ± 736 g e 74,5 ± 7,2 cm; média e desvio-padrão. Não houve efeito significativo da dieta no peso, mas o resultado da análise esteve próximo de ser significativo para a variável CT (p 0,10). Conclui-se que todas as dietas testadas têm bom potencial, em termos de crescimento, para utilização em programas de propagação em cativeiro do jacaré-do-papo-amarelo, bem como em criação comercial em ciclo completo e ranching.