Postoperative analgesic efficacy of nefopam after anorectal surgery: a retrospective observational study

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of nefopam on postoperative pain control after anorectal surgeries. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent anorectal surgeries from January 2019 to March 2022 at two medical centers. The data were divided into nefopam and conventional groups. The primary outcome was the number of patients who requested additional opioids in the 24-h postoperative period. The secondary outcomes were numeric rating pain scores (NRPS) within a 24-h postoperative period and analgesic drugs-related side effects. Results: Eighty-seven patients in the conventional group and 60 in the nefopam group were recruited. The nefopam group reported less additional opioid consumption than the conventional group in all dimensions of analysis, including overall, adjusted to anesthetic techniques and types of surgery. However, these did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.093). Only patients in the nefopam group who underwent hemorrhoidectomy under TIVA or spinal anesthesia significantly required fewer additional opioids (P = 0.016, 60% mean difference). Similarly, the 24-h postoperative morphine consumption was lower in the nefopam group (mean difference = -3.4, 95%CI: 0.72,6.08). Furthermore, significantly lower NRPS were reported in the nefopam group during the 12-18 h postoperative period (P = 0.009). On the other hand, analgesic drugs related side effects were similar in both groups. Conclusions: The administration of nefopam after major anorectal surgery is beneficially evident in reducing postoperative opioid requirements. (AU)

Clinical analysis of rectal bleeding after anorectal operation / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the cause and outcome measures of rectal bleeding after anorectal surgery. Methods From January 2016 to December 2016,60 patients with rectal bleeding after anorectal surgery in Yuncheng Central Hospital were selected. The bleeding phenomena in these patients were analyzed. Results After anorectal surgery,the rectal hemorrhage rates of anterior sphincter rectal polypectomy,rectal abscess incision drainage,anal fistula incision operation,mixed hemorrhoid external strip were 6. 67％ (1 / 15),14. 29％ (1 / 7),7. 41％ (2 / 27), 9. 09％ (1 / 11),respectively. The rectal bleeding rate of anorectal surgery was 8. 33％ (5 / 60). Conclusion The effective preventive measures can effectively reduce the probability of postoperative rectal bleeding in patients with anorectal surgery.

Effect of integration of humanistic concern into problem-based learning in the teaching of anorectal surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility and practical value of the integration of humanistic concern into clinical problem-based learning ( PBL ) teaching . Methods A total of 112 undergraduate medical interns in Department of Colorectal Surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into experimental group receiving PBL teaching integrated with humanistic concern and control group receiving PBL teaching alone. Theoretical examination, operation examination, and patient satisfaction survey were performed after practice training to evaluate the teaching effect of the two groups . GraphPad Prism 6 software was used for statistical analysis of data, and the t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher scores of medical history collection (22.57±2.63 vs 20.87±3.08, t=3.124, P=0.002) and operation skills (31.42±2.89 vs 29.87±4.72, t=2.107, P=0.037), but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the scores of theoretical examination (90.60±3.19 vs 90.52±3.38, t=0.129, P=0.898) and medical record writing (20.78±2.79 vs 20.65±3.51, t=0.215, P=0.830). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had a significantly higher degree of patient satisfaction with service attitude (3.94±1.07 vs 3.22±1.09, t=3.256, P=0.002), trust (3.85±1.16 vs 3.22±1.05, t=2.759, P=0.007), and communication skills (3.92±1.03 vs 3.16±1.03, t=3.652, P=0.000), but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the scores of operating skills (3.60±1.09 vs 3.67±1.10, t=0.281, P=0.779) and arrangement of medical procedures (2.74 ±1.10 vs 3.02 ±1.02, t=1.312, P=0.193). Conclusion The integration of humanistic concern into PBL teaching of anorectal surgery can improve students' clinical operation ability and degree of patient satisfaction.

Progress of traditional Chinese medicine acupoint anesthesia in anorectal surgery / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper summarized the application of acupoint anesthesia in the anorectal surgery based on the anal shu point, waist qi point, waist shu point anesthesia, in order to provide a reference for anesthesia in anorectal surgery.

Clinical study on treatment of acute urinary retention after anorectal surgery by comprehensive treatment of TCM / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective Clinical observation of the effect of comprehensive treatment of TCM on the patients with Acute Urinary Retention after Anorectal Surgery. Methods A total of 90 patients with acute urinary retention after anorectal surgery were selected. The patients were divided into control group and treatment group by random number table method. The control group was treated with intramuscular injection of neostigmine. The treatment group was treated with comprehensive treatment of TCM. Both groups were observed over 24 h. The voiding patency score, abdominal fullness score, urination time, the average effective time, the first urinary bladder residual urine output and 2 h after treatment the total urination were detected and compared. Results The total effective rate was 88.89％ (40/45) in the treatment group and 64.44％ (29/45) in the control group. The total effective rate of the two groups was statistically significant (Z=-2.131, P=0.033). After treatment, the levels of urine patency score (0.94 ± 0.66 vs. 1.87 ± 0.74, t=-2.433), belly fullness score (0.72 ± 0.26 vs. 1.39 ± 0.35, t=-2.185), first urination time (35.72 ± 10.43 min vs. 58.69 ± 12.85 min, t=-2.210), average effective time (60.23 ± 14.60 min vs. 97.57 ± 17.33 min, t=-2.980), the urinary bladder after the first urination (23.87 ± 15.29 ml vs. 65.14 ± 17.53 ml, t=-2.125) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). And total urination within 2h after treatment (839.77 ± 106.35 ml vs. 0.46 ± 0.55 ml, t=-2.003) in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Comprehensive treatment of TCM can significantly reduce the degree of urination and abdominal fullness fullness of the score, shorten the first timeand the average duration of urination, reduce the amount of urine after the first urination of the patients with Acute Urinary Retention after Anorectal Surgery.

The effects of adjuvant intrathecal fentanyl on postoperative pain and rebound pain for anorectal surgery under saddle anesthesia / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Intrathecal opioid has been known to enhance the quality and prolong the duration of spinal anesthesia, as well as to reduce postoperative pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate postoperative analgesic characteristics of intrathecal fentanyl for the first 48 hours after anorectal surgery under saddle anesthesia. METHODS: Eighty patients were recruited in our study. Forty patients were randomly allocated to group B that received 0.5% bupivacaine 5 mg with 0.3 ml normal saline. The other 40 patients were assigned to group BF which was given 0.5% bupivacaine 5 mg with fentanyl 15 μg. The primary outcome variable was a numeric rating scale (NRS) at six hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included changes in the NRS score between one and 48 hours postoperatively, consumption of rescue analgesics, and the frequency of rebound pain. RESULTS: Group BF exhibited a lower mean NRS score at postoperative six hours compared to group B (P < 0.001). However, the mean NRS score was not different after postoperative six hours between the two groups. The median consumption of rescue analgesics in group BF was less than that of group B (P = 0.028) and the frequency of rebound pain decreased in group BF when compared to group B (P = 0.021). The levels of sensory block were S1 dermatome and motor block scores were 0 for both groups. There was no significant difference in adverse effects between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal fentanyl 15 μg for anorectal surgery under saddle anesthesia led to an improved pain score for the first six hours after surgery and decreased postoperative analgesic use. Rebound pain diminished with intrathecal fentanyl and adverse effects did not increase.

Observation on effect of different concentrations and small dose of lidocaine of CSEA in elderly patients with non-PPH anorectal surgery / 重庆医学

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different concentrations and small dose of lidocaine of combined spinal epi-dural anesthesia(CSEA) in elderly patients with non-procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids(PPH) anorectal surgery .Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients undergoing non-PPH anorectal surgery were selected and randomly dividedin to 4 groups , the group A(1 .5% lidocaine) ,B(1 .0% lidocaine) ,C(0 .8% lidocaine) and D ,30cases in each group .The group A ,B and C adopted CSEA ,and the group D adopted the sacral anesthesia .The changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate(HR) at different time points ,stress reactions before and after operation ,anesthetic operating time ,effect onset time ,postoperative reactivating time , anesthetic grade ,success rate ,postoperative patient satisfaction ,postoperative surgeon satisfaction and urine retention were recor-ded .Results MAP and HR at different time points had no statistical difference among 4 groups(P>0 .05) .The anesthetic onset time and postoperative activity recovery time in the group A ,B and C were significantly less than those in the group D(P<0 .01) . The postoperative activity recovery time in the group A was longer than that in the group B and C .The urine retention time in the group A ,B and C was significantly less than that in the group D (P<0 .05) .The postoperative patient satisfaction and surgeon sat-isfaction in the group A and B were 100% .Conclusion 1% lidocaine CSEA is more suitable for the elderly patients with non-PPH anorectal operation .

Comparison of four methods of anesthesia in patients with anorectal surgery / 中国综合临床

Objective To observe and compare the effects of four methods of anesthesia in patients with anorectal surgery.Methods One hundred patients with anorectal surgery were equally divided into the group Ⅰ (low-dose epidural anesthesia),group Ⅱ (epidural anesthesia),group Ⅲ (caudal) and group Ⅳ (local anesthesia) based on a random draw principles,each group of 25 cases.The onset time of anesthesia,patient satisfaction,postoperative adverse reaction and hemodynamics were observed in the 4 groups.Results The anesthesia onset time in the group Ⅰ and group Ⅳ were (4.12 ±2.11) min and (3.69 ±1.11) min,significantly shorter than group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ ((10.34 ±3.10) min and (12.55±3.23) min,P＜0.05).Anesthesia satisfaction of four groups were 96.0％ (24/25),84.0％ (21/25),64.0％ (16/25) and 40.0％ (10/25),the differences among 4 groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05),and the anesthesia satisfaction of guoup Ⅰ was the best.Four groups of postoperative urinary retention difference were not statistically significant (P＞0.05),but the postoperative nausea and vomiting(n =3),referred pain (n =12),headaches (n=4) and other adverse events in the group Ⅳ were significantly higher than the other 3 groups(P＜0.05).Differences between-groups and inner-group were not statistically significant of the intraoperative mean arterial pressure,oxygen saturation and pulse rates of the four groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compare to other anesthetic methods,low-dose epidural anesthesia in anorectal surgery applications with faster onset time of anesthesia and anesthesia satisfaction results,it has litter adverse reactions and maintain stable hemodynamics body,worthy applications.

Low-dose levobupivacaine plus fentanyl combination for spinal anesthesia in anorectal surgery / Combinação de levobupivacaína em dose baixa e fentanil para raquianestesia em cirurgia anorretal

BACKGROUND: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spinal anesthesia using two different doses of fentanyl combined with low-dose levobupivacaine in anorectal surgery. METHODS: in this prospective, double-blind study, 52 American Society of Anaesthesiologists I-II patients scheduled for elective anorectal surgery were randomized into two groups. The patients in group I received intrathecal 2.5 mg hyperbaric levobupivacaine plus 12.5 µg fentanyl and in group II received intrathecal 2.5 mg hyperbaric levobupivacaine plus 25 µg fentanyl. All the patients remained in the seated position for 5 min after completion of the spinal anesthesia. Sensory block was evaluated with pin-prick test and motor block was evaluated with a modified Bromage scale. RESULTS: motor block was not observed in both of the groups. The sensory block was limited to the S2 level in group I, and S1 level in group II. None of the patients required additional analgesics during the operation. Time to two-segment regression was shorter in group I compared with group II (p < 0.01). One patient in group I and 5 patients in group II had pruritus. Hemodynamic parameters were stable during the operation in both of the groups. CONCLUSION: spinal saddle block using hyperbaric levobupivacaine with both 12.5 µg and 25 µg fentanyl provided good quality of anesthesia without motor block for anorectal surgery in the prone position.

JUSTIFICATIVA: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da raquianestesia com o uso de duas doses diferentes de fentanil em combinação com dose baixa de levobupivacaína em cirurgia anorretal. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo prospectivo e duplo-cego, 52 pacientes com estado físico ASA I-II, programados para cirurgia eletiva anorretal, foram randomicamente alocados em dois grupos. Os pacientes do Grupo I receberam 2,5 mg de levobupivacaína hiperbárica mais 12,5 µg de fentanil por via intratecal e os do Grupo II receberam 2,5 mg de levobupivacaína hiperbárica mais 25 µg de fentanil por via intratecal. Todos permaneceram em posição sentada por cinco minutos após o término da raquianestesia. O bloqueio sensorial foi avaliado com o teste da picada de agulha e o bloqueio motor com a escala modificada de Bromage. RESULTADOS: O bloqueio motor não foi observado em ambos os grupos. O bloqueio sensorial limitou-se ao nível S2 no Grupo I e S1 no Grupo II. Nenhum dos pacientes precisou de analgésico suplementar durante a operação. O tempo de regressão de dois seguimentos foi menor no Grupo I em comparação com o Grupo II (p < 0,01). Um paciente do Grupo I e cinco do Grupo II apresentaram prurido. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos permaneceram estáveis durante a cirurgia em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O bloqueio espinhal em sela com o uso de levobupivacaína hiperbárica, tanto com 12,5 µg quanto com 25 µg de fentanil, proporciona boa qualidade de anestesia sem bloqueio motor para cirurgia anorretal em decúbito ventral.

Clinical effect of ropivacaine combined with spinal-epidural anesthesia in anorectal surgery / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore and analysis the clinical effect of ropivacaine combined with spinalepidural anesthesia in anorectal surgery and to evaluate the safety of this method.Methods We retrospective analyzed the clinical information of 82 patients who conducted with selective anorectal surgery in the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu from January 2010 to December 2013.The patients were randomly divided into bupivacaine group and ropivacaine group,and each group of 41 cases.Both groups took the way of combined with spinal-epidural anesthesia to waist L3/L4 point gap.Bupivacaine and ropivacaine group were traited at a rate of 0.2 ml/s bolus of 0.375％ bupivacaine and ropivacaine solution of 2 ml.Compare the satisfaction and anesthetic effect of two groups.Results None of the patients have received additional drugs again in intraoperative period,and the surgery was performed without a hitch.The sensory blockade working time,the biggest feeling block plane and duration of sensory blockade of all of the patients in two groups have not showed any difference (P＞0.05),while in ropivacaine group,the biggest feeling block plane ((1.8 ± 0.4) vs (2.9± 0.3) score) was lower and the sensory blockade working time((9.8±0.6) min vs (3.5±0.4) min) was late,and the difference showed statistical significance between two groups (t =2.4236,2.4265;P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference of the patients satisfaction degree of the anesthesia,anesthesia level can satisfy the requirement of the surgery muscle relaxant.Conclusion Compared with bupivacaine group,sanesthesia,ropivacaine not only can help anorectal surgery in patients with postoperative recovery,but also could meet the requirements of the non-pain and non-inductive in perioperative operation patients,it is worth in anorectal surgery clinical reference and promotion.

Preparación mecánica en cirugía anorrectal / Mechanical preparation in anorectal surgery

Tradicionalmente se ha usado la preparación mecánica anorrectalen cirugía electiva para patologías comunes tales como: enferme-dad hemorroidal, fistula anorrectal y fisura anal. Objetivo: Evaluarel efecto de la preparación mecánica anorrectal. Métodos:Veinticuatro pacientes que tenían enfermedad hemorroidal, fisuraanal y fistula anorrectal, fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente ydivididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: grupo que no fue prepa-rado antes de la cirugía (N: 14) y grupo que fue preparado conenemas rectales (N: 10). Se estudio el dolor post operatorio, lacalidad del área operatoria y el reintegro a sus actividades habi-tuales. Resultados:no hubo diferencias estadísticamente signifi-cativas en las variables estudiadas en ambos grupos. Conclusión:El uso de la preparación mecánica anorrectal realizada antes de lacirugía anorrectal común, no proporciona beneficios intra o pos-toperatorios al paciente o al cirujano(AU)

Anorectal mechanical preparation has traditionally been used inelective surgery for common pathologies such as: hemorrhoidaldisease, fistula anorectal and anal fissure. Objective:To evaluatethe effect of anorectal mechanical preparation. Methods:Twenty-four patients who had disease hemorrhoid, anal fissure and ano-rectal fistula, were intervened surgically and divided randomizedinto two groups: group that was not prepared before surgery (N:14) and group which was prepared with rectal enemas (n: 10). Itwas study the pain post-op, the quality of the operative area andreturn to their usual activities. Results:There were no statisticallysignificant differences in the variables studied in both groups.Conclusion:The use of mechanical preparation done before thecommon anorectal surgery, anorectal does not provide benefitsintra or postoperative patient or the surgeon(AU)

Effect of fentanyl on efficacy of low-dose ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing anorectal surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of fentanyl on the efficacy of low-dose ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing anorectal surgery.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-55 yr,with body mass index 18-28 kg/m2,scheduled for anorectal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):0.5％ ropivacaine 7.5 mg group (group R) and 0.3％ ropivacaine 6.0 mg+ fentanyl 10 μg group (group RF).A catheter was implanted into the subarachnoid space (L3.4 interspace) and advanced caudally until lumbar region.Group R received hyperbaric 0.5％ ropivacaine 1.5 ml.Group RF received 2.0 ml mixture of hyperbaric 0.3％ ropivacaine 6.0 mg and fentanyl 10μg.The onset time of sensory and motor block,upper level of sensory block,and duration of sensory and motor block were recorded.Motor block was assessed by modified Bromage scale.Results Compared with group R,the duration of sensory and motor block was significantly shortened,and modified Bromage scores were significantly decreased in group RF (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the onset time of sensory and motor block and upper level of sensory block between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion 0.3 ％ ropivacaine 6.0 mg combined with fentanyl 10 μg provides satisfactory spinal anesthesia for anorectal surgery,with lower degree and faster recovery of motor block.

Cirurgias proctológicas em 3 anos de serviço de coloproctologia: série histórica / Anorrectal surgery: outcomes of 3 years after coloproctology group

Em 2007, 72,5% do movimento cirúrgico do Serviço de Coloproctologia do HU/UFS foi de procedimentos proctológicos. A experiência desse Serviço, em 3 anos, foi compilada e analisada retrospectivamente. Foram 455 pacientes submetidos a hemorroidectomias(40%), fistulectomias (20%) e fissurectomias (13%), sendo os demais, cisto pilonidal, fístula retovaginal, etc. As doenças orificiais prevaleceram em mulheres (54%) e na faixa etária dos 30 a 50 anos. Hemorróidas e fissuras acometeram mais mulheres, enquanto as fístulas, homens. Hemorroidectomia a Milligan e Morgan foi realizada em 53,7% dos casos, com níveis de dor e sangramento comparáveis aos de Ferguson. Ela proporcionou maior número de fissuras residuais e incontinência fecal transitória. Estenose foi igual para as duas técnicas.A técnica de Ferguson tem o tempo de cicatrização inferior, mesmo com elevada taxa de deiscência. A fístula acometeu 4 vezes mais homens. Em 65% dos casos, a fistulectomia foi a técnica de escolha, com melhores resultados em termos de dor e sangramento, e piores índices de incontinência. Houve colocação de sedenho em 14% dos casos, mantidos em média por 20 semanas, e após sua retirada, 36% relataram sinais de incontinência minor. A fissura anal demonstrou uma preferência de cerca de 3 vezes maior pela comissura posterior. As fissuras anteriores ocorreram mais em homens.

In 2007, 72,5% of all surgeries of Coloproctology Departament were from anal procedures. Three years experience of the Medical post- graduation were resumed and analyzed in this study retrospectively. Total 455 patients were submitted to hemorrhoidectomy (40%), fistulectomies (20%) and fissurectomies (13%) and others like pilonidal disease, rectovaginal fistulas. In general, these pathologies are more prevalent in women (54%) from 30 to 50 years old. Hemorrhoids and fissure affected more women, while fistulas affected men. Milligan and Morgan's hemorrhoidectomy was realized in 53,7% of the cases with pain and bleeding patterns comparable to Ferguson technique. It had provided a bigger number of residual fissure and fecal incontinence. Stenosis was the same in both methods. Ferguson technique had lowest repair time, even with high tax of dehiscence. Fistula affects four times more men than women. In 65% of the cases, fistulectomy was the technique choice, with better results in terms of pain and bleeding and worse tax of incontinence. Seton was inserted in 14% of the cases, and it was used in average for 20 weeks, and after its withdrawal, 36% referred minor incontinence. The anal fissure showed preference to posterior place. The anterior fissures occurred more in men.

Initial experience with stapled hemorrhoidopexy for treatment of hemorrhoids / Experiência inicial com o tratamento da doença hemorroidária pela técnica de grampeamento circular

BACKGROUND: Introduction of stapled hemorrhoidopexy by Longo in 1998 represented a radical change in the treatment of hemorrhoids. By avoiding multiple excisions and suture lines in the perianal region, stapled hemorrhoidopexy is intended to offer less postoperative pain than with conventional techniques. OBJECTIVE: To report and analyze the intra and postoperative results gained during initial experience with stapled hemorrhoidopexy. METHODS: One hundred and fifty five patients (67 males) with average age of 39.5 years (21-67 years) underwent stapled hemorrhoidopexy between June 2000 and December 2003 with symptomatic third-degree (n = 74) and fourth-degree (n = 81) hemorrhoids. Mean follow-up period was 20 months (14-60 months). RESULTS: Preoperative symptoms were prolapse (96.7 percent) and anal bleeding (96.1 percent). Overall mean operative time was 23 minutes (16-48 minutes). We observed one case of stapler failure and one case of failure to introduce the stapler occurred in a patient with previous anal surgery. Additional sutures for hemostasis were required in 103 patients (66.5 percent). Resection of skin tags was performed in 45 cases (29 percent). Postoperatively scheduled analgesia with oral dipyrone and celecoxib was enough for pain control in 131 patients (84.5 percent). Rescue analgesia was necessary in 24 cases (15.5 percent). Five patients needed opiates for pain control. Hospital discharge took place on the first postoperative day in 140 patients (90.3 percent). First defecation without pain was reported by 118 patients (76.1 percent). Postoperative complications were anal bleeding (10.3 percent), severe pain (3.2 percent), urinary retention (3.9 percent), fever without any signs of perianal infection (1.9 percent), incontinence for flatus (1.9 percent), hemorrhoidal thrombosis (1.3 percent). Two patients presented symptoms of recurrent hemorrhoidal disease and were successfully treated by conventional hemorrhoidectomy. They were no cases of...

RACIONAL: A introdução por Longo em 1998, da hemorroidopexia pela técnica de grampeamento circular representou uma mudança radical no tratamento cirúrgico da doença hemorroidária, ao passo que propõe o reposicionamento da mucosa anorretal prolapsada, sem excisão do mamilo hemorroidário, cursando assim com menor dor e menor tempo de recuperação pós-operatórios. OBJETIVO: Apresentar e analisar os resultados intra e pós-operatórios obtidos durante a experiência inicial com a técnica de grampeamento circular. PACIENTES E MÉTODO: Foram incluídos 155 pacientes (67 homens) com média de idade de 39,5 anos (21-67 anos) e doença hemorroidária sintomática grau III (n = 74) e IV (n = 81), operados consecutivamente pelo método do grampeamento circular entre junho de 2000 e dezembro de 2003. Resultados e complicações pós-operatórias foram aferidos num tempo de seguimento médio de 20 meses (14-60 meses). RESULTADOS: Os principais sintomas pré-operatórios foram prolapso (96,7 por cento) e sangramento (96,1 por cento). O tempo operatório médio foi de 23 minutos (16-48 minutos). Houve um caso de falha do equipamento e um de impossibilidade de introdução do mesmo (paciente com cirurgia anal prévia). Hemostasia adicional com sutura foi necessária em 103 pacientes (66,5 por cento) e a ressecção de plicomas foi realizada concomitantemente ao procedimento em 45 pacientes (29 por cento). A analgesia pós-operatória via oral com dipirona e celecoxib foi eficiente no controle da dor em 131 pacientes (84,5 por cento), 24 (15,5 por cento) necessitaram de analgesia complementar, sendo que 5 pacientes receberam opióides devido a dor intensa. A maioria dos pacientes (140 - 90,3 por cento) teve alta no primeiro dia de pós-operatório e 118 (76,1 por cento) referiram a primeira evacuação sem dor. As complicações pós-operatórias observadas foram: sangramento (10,3 por cento), tenesmo (3,9 por cento), retenção urinária (3,9 por cento), febre sem sinais infecciosos (1,9 por cento), incontinência...

Care of the patient for surgery of large bowel

This paper deals with an established method of preparing patients for elective surgery of the large bowel, including the anorectum. Preoperative operation, which includes general and local measures, and postoperative care was discussed

Urinary Retention following Anorectal Surgery / 대한마취과학회지

Acute urinary retention is a common complication following anorectal surgery. However, the cause of this complication is poorly understood. We investigated the influence on postoperative urinary retention of age, sex, premedicants, intraoperative fluid volume administered, surgeon, operating time, type of operation, anesthetic technique in 278 patients undergoing elective surgery for benign anorectal disease by a review of the charts. The results were as follows. The overall urinary retention rate was 31.7%. Age, sex, premedicants (narcotics, anticholinergics), surgeon did not correlate with urinary retention. Increasing age was associated with a relatively high incidence of urinary retention, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P=0.054). The variables of intraoperative fluid volume administered (>200 ml), anesthetic technique (spinal anesthesia vs. general or caudal anesthesia), type (hemorrhoidectomy, especially including multiple mucosal ligation or sphincterotomy) of the operation, and operating time (>30 min) correlated significantly with retention (P<0.05). Urinary retention was 2, 7 and 3 times more likely to occur in patients who had duration of operation more than 30 minutes, hemorrhoidectomy, and spinal anesthesia respectively. After all above variables were controlled for, duration and type of the procedure and anesthetic technique remained significantly correlated with retention (P<0.05). We concluded that operating time of more than 30 minutes, hemorrhoidectomy (especially using multiple mucosal ligations or sphincterotomy), and spinal anesthesia were significant precipitating factors, but could not determine whether age and intraoperative fluid volume administered were associated with urinary retention with this retrospective study.

The study of warm versus, cold alternate with warm sitz bath in patients undergoing anorectal surgery.

The comparative study of warm versus, cold alternate with warm sitz baths made of 70 patients who had undergone anorectal surgery in Department of Surgery, Siriraj Hospital. The age range was 15-90 years. 55.7% of cases were in the 20-40 year range. Surgical indications were hemorrhoid, perianal abscess, and fistula in ano 28.6%, 18.6%, 47.1% respectively. Post operative, the patients were placed into 2 groups. The first, 37 cases had warm sit baths with warm temperature 98-105o F (37-40o C) and the second, 33 cases had cold water temperature 60-65o F (15-18o C) alternating with warm sitz baths. All patients had 4 sitz bath times, at 4 hours intervals and duration 15 minutes. Pain, congestion and inflammation of surgical wound was assessed by observation. Chi-square-test was used for statistically significant difference. No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in pain, congestion and inflammation of the wound. However the group treated by cold alternating with warm sitz baths appreciated more comfortable and satisfied with their treatment than the group having warm sitz baths only.