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1.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 12(4): 300-305, Aug. 2008. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-496767

RESUMEN

Occult hepatitis B infection is characterized by hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the serum in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). We assessed occult HBV infection prevalence in two groups of immunocompromised patients (maintenance hemodialysis patients and HIV-positive patients) presenting HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc positive serological patterns, co-infected or not by HCV. Thirty-four hemodialysis anti-HIV negative patients, 159 HIV-positive patients and 150 blood donors who were anti-HBc positive (control group) were selected. HBV-DNA was detected by nested-PCR. Occult hepatitis B infection was not observed in the hemodialysis patients group but was found in 5 percent of the HIV-patients and in 4 percent of the blood donors. Immunosuppression in HIV positive patients was not a determining factor for occult HBV infection. In addition, no significant relationship between HBV-DNA and HCV co-infection in the HIV-positive patient group was found. A lack of significant associations was also observed between positivity for HBV-DNA and CD4 count, viral load and previous lamivudine treatment in these HIV-positive patients.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hepatitis B/diagnóstico , Huésped Inmunocomprometido/inmunología , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN Viral/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/sangre , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/sangre , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Virus de la Hepatitis B/inmunología , Hepatitis B/inmunología , Lamivudine/inmunología , Lamivudine/uso terapéutico , Prevalencia , Carga Viral
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 12(4): 310-312, Aug. 2008.
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-496769

RESUMEN

A sentinel study on viral hepatitis is currently being carried out in the village of Cavunge in a semiarid rural region of the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This study has identified individuals in whom anti-HBc IgG was the only serological marker for hepatitis B virus (HBV). This serological pattern may constitute evidence of occult HBV infection. This study Investigated the possibility of occult hepatitis B virus infection in individuals in a rural community who tested positive for anti-HBc IgG alone. A cross-sectional population-based study. ELISA III was performed on serum samples to test for serological viral markers, and ultrasensitive PCR (US-PCR) was used to assess viremia. Among the 1,536 serum samples, 3.6 percent (n=55) were positive for anti-HBc alone. Four years after this first serological survey, 31 of those 55 individuals (56.3 percent) were retested, and 11 (35.5 percent) remained anti-HBc positive alone. Two of these 31 (6.5 percent) were HBV-DNA positive based on US-PCR, with normal aminotransferase levels in both cases. Cases of occult hepatitis B infection were identified in this semiarid rural community of northeastern Brazil, where endemicity of HBV is moderate.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Endémicas , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/sangre , Hepatitis B/diagnóstico , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Hepatitis B/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Población Rural , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Vigilancia de Guardia
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