Establishment of HPLC Fingerprint and Classification of Chemical Components for Compound Sanhuang Tincture / 中国药师

Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of ethanol parts of compound Sanhuang tincture ( an anti-infective drug) using high performance liquid chromatography, and analyze the classification of the chemical components. Methods: A Phenomenex Luna C18 (2) (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column was used. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0. 05 mol·L-1 aqueous potassium di-hydrogen phosphate solution (22 :78) and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The DAD detector was used and the detection wavelength was 237 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:The fingerprints of compound Sanhuang tincture were obtained with promising separation degree and the number of theoretical plates. A total of six fingerprint characteristic peaks were identified, and the reproducibility, stability and precision of the method were good. Meanwhile, combined with the informa-tion of retention time of compound medicine, single drug and reference substance, the source of characteristic peak of the effective part of compound Sanhuang tincture was determined. Conclusion:The fingerprints of compound Sanhuang tincture have strong characteris-tics and good reproducibility, which have important reference value for the quality evaluation of ethanol parts of compound Sanhuang tincture.

Analysis of Antibiotic Drug Use in Elderly Patients with Cerebral Infarction Complicated with Pulmonary Infection Consulted by Clinical Pharmacist / 中国药师

Objective: To investigate the rational use of antibiotics in the elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods: A retrospective investigation was used to analyze the drug resistance of 86 cases of elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary infection.The data were collected from the consultation records of clinical pharmacists in Xuanwu hospital from February 2013 to November 2015.Results: The pathogenic bacteria mainly distributed to Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the drug resistance rate was 48.89%.After the consultation, the rate of combination therapy increased from 20.23% to 61.63%.After using sensitive antibiotics, such as cefperazone-sulbactam,piperacillin-sulbactar and amikacin, the infectious indices recovered significantly (P＜0.05).The case proportion with BUN/SrCr＞20 in 27 cases complicated with impaired renal function was 62.9%, and although the patients didn''t use antibiotics with reduced doses, the indices of infection and renal function improved in a certain degree (P＜0.05).The case proportion with ALB and PAB decreasing was 53.49%, and after the consultation, all the infectious indices decreased and protein levels increased (P＜0.05).Conclusion: More attention should be paid to the elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary infection, and sensitive antibiotics with single or combination drug therapy should be used according to the distribution of resistant bacteria.For the renal failure patients, the kind of renal failure should be clear, and then the appropriate dosage of antibiotics should be adjusted.For the patients with malnutrition, adequate protein intake contributes to the recovery of infection.The clinical symptoms and laboratory indices should be integrated to effectively develop rational treatment for the elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary infection.

Tendências de prescrição de antimicrobianos em idosos hospitalizados em um hospital universitário / Prescriptions of antimicrobial drugs for elderly people hospitalized in a universit y hospital

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar tendências na prescrição de antimicrobianos em idosos hospitalizados em um hospital universitário no Estado do Pará. Estudo observacional e transversal que avaliou e analisou prontuários em relação a características do paciente, diagnóstico e tratamento, sendo tendências de prescrição identificadas por análise de frequência. Foram avaliados 299 prontuários, sendo observada uma predominância de idosos jovens (80%), do sexo feminino (56,5%), que tiveram como principal causa de internação infecções do trato respiratório. O tratamento foi predominantemente empírico, predominando a utilização de cefalosporinas de 3ª geração, macrolídeos e quinolonas. Quando relacionada a patologia ao medicamento predominou a utilização de cefalosporinas para o tratamento de infecções do trato respiratório e complicações da diabetes mellitustipo II. Identificou-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de protocolos clínicos na instituição para padronização do tratamento e estímulo ao uso racional de antimicrobianos com o objetivo de garantir a segurança do paciente.

Trends in antimicrobial prescription for hospitalized elderly people in a university hospital in the state of Pará, Brazil, are identified. The transversal study evaluated and analyzed clinical cards on patients´ characteristics, diagnosis and treatments. Prescription trends are identified by the analysis of frequency. Further, 299 clinical cards were evaluated with a predominance of young female (56.5%) elderly people (80%), with infections of the respiration tract as the main cause of hospitalization. The predominantly empiric treatment comprised third generation cephalosporins, macrolides and quinolones. When pathology is related to medicine, the use of cephalosporins prevailed in the treatment of infections of the respiratory tract, with complications caused by Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The development of clinical protocols is required for the standardization of treatments and to stimulate the rational use of antimicrobial drugs to warrant the patient´s safety.

Analysis of Anti-infection Drugs of Our Hospital During the Two Invitation Tenders Periods / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate current state of the use of anti-infection drugs in our hospital during the two invi?tation tenders period so as to lead to a rational clinical drug use and to improve the drugs management level.METHODS:The data of anti-infection drugs used in our hospital from August,2002to July,2004was analysed by sequencing the sales volume and DDDs.RESULTS:During these two years,the sales volume for the anti-infection drugs amounted to28.25%and30.60%among the total respectively,with a yearly increase at30.67%,which is higher than that of the total sales which increase percentage of20.29%;the sales amount and the variety of cephalosporins ranked among the first;rank order for various vari?eties had a big change.CONCLUSION:Invitation tender for drugs led to the standardization of the purchase behavior of hos?pital,the average daily consumption for the majority varieties has decreased with little range.