Atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides Cham. (Alecrim-pimenta) na presença de leite bovino / Antiseptic activity of the essential oil of Lippia origanoides in the presence of bovine milk

Objetivou-se determinar atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides na presença de leite bovino. A composição química do óleo essencial de alecrim pimenta foi determinada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM), sendo detectados 53 compostos, dos quais 16 foram identificados (>0,1% área total). O carvacrol (32,7%), p-cimeno (23%), timilmetil éter, cariofileno (7,98%) e o γ-terpineno (5,40%) foram os componentes mais abundantes. A concentração inibitória mínima para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 e E. coli ATCC 8739 foi de 60µL/mL, enquanto para Salmonella Choleraesuis ATCC 35640 foi de 90µL/mL. A concentração bactericida mínima foi de 120µL/mL para as três bactérias. Avaliou-se a atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial na concentração de 120µL/mL na presença de leite bovino sobre as mesmas cepas bacterianas. O óleo em estudo apresentou efeito inibitório do crescimento das cepas em diferentes tempos de ação (p<0,05). S. aureus apresentou maiores índices de inibição após 5 min de contato e Escherichia coli e Salmonella Choleraesuis após 15 min. O óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta revelou ser um potencial antimicrobiano natural, mesmo na presença de matéria orgânica constituída de uma matriz nutricional complexa que é o leite bovino.(AU)

This study aimed to determine the antiseptic activity of the essential oil of Lippia origanoides in the presence of bovine milk. The essential oil chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG EM) 53 compounds were detected, of which 16 were identified (>0.1% total area). The carvacrol (32.7%), p-cymene (23%), thymil methyl ether (10.03%), caryophyllene (7.98 %) and γ-terpinene (5.40%) were the most abundant components. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 was 60uL/mL, as for this Salmonella Choleraesuis ATCC 35640 was 90uL/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration was 120µL/mL for all three bacteria. We evaluated the antiseptic activity of the essential oil in the concentration of 120µL/mL in the presence of bovine milk for the same bacterial strains. The oil under study It showed an inhibitory effect of growth of the strains in different action times (p <0.05). S. aureus showed higher inhibition rates after 5 min of contact and E. coli and Salmonella Choleraesuis after 15 min. The essential oil Lippia origanoides proved to be a natural antimicrobial potential even in the presence of organic matter consists of a complex nutritional matrix is bovine milk.(AU)

Tamizaje fitoquímico de los extractos de Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich. (nabaco) / Phytochemical screening of e xtracts from F aramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich. (nabaco)

INTRODUCCIÓN: Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich. (Rubiaceae) se utiliza de forma tradicional como astringente, galactógeno y como antiséptico en el tratamiento de enfermedades de la piel, principalmente erupciones cutáneas, por lo que es frecuentemente empleada para baños en los recién nacidos con estas afecciones. Hasta el momento no existen reportes de estudios fitoquímicos sobre los metabolitos secundarios de interés biológico y terapéutico presentes en los extractos de esta planta. OBJETIVO: determinar los metabolitos secundarios de interés biológico y terapéutico presentes en la especie F. occidentalis. MÉTODOS: la planta fue colectada en la localidad de Cienaguilla, municipio Campechuela, provincia Granma, Cuba, e identificada por especialistas del Jardín Botánico Cupaynicú en el municipio Guisa. Fracciones de los órganos aéreos y subterráneos de la planta se lavaron, desinfectaron, secaron, pulverizaron y se sometieron a extracciones asistidas por ultrasonido con solventes de polaridad creciente. A los extractos se les realizó el tamizaje fitoquímico, cuyos resultados fueron corroborados por análisis cromatográfico mediante cromatografía de capa fina y espectroscopía ultravioleta-visible. RESULTADOS: el tamizaje fitoquímico, realizado a los extractos de raíces, tallos y hojas de la planta y la cromatografía de capa fina aplicada a la tintura de las hojas, permitió constatar la presencia de varias familias de metabolitos secundarios de interés biológico y farmacológico, principalmente, alcaloides y coumarinas, siendo más abundantes en los extractos acuoso y etanólico. CONCLUSIONES: la presencia de abundantes alcaloides y coumarinas en F. occidentalis pudiera ser responsable de su actividad antiséptica.

INTRODUCTION: Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich.(Rubiaceae) is a plant traditionally used as astringent, galactogen and antiseptic in the treatment of skin disorders, mainly rash. Therefore, it is commonly used to bathe newborns suffering from these conditions. No reports are available of phytochemical studies about the secondary metabolites of biological and therapeutic interest contained in extracts from this plant. OBJECTIVE: determine the secondary metabolites of biological and therapeutic interest present in the species F. occidentalis. METHODS: plant samples were collected from the locality of Cienaguilla, municipality of Campechuela, in the province of Granma, Cuba, and identified by specialists from Cupaynicú Botanical Garden in the municipality of Guisa. Fractions of aerial and underground plant parts were washed, disinfected, dried and pulverized, and then subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction with increasing polarity solvents. The extracts underwent phytochemical screening, and results were corroborated by thin layer chromatography and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. RESULTS: phytochemical screening of root, stem and leaf extracts, and thin layer chromatography of the leaf tincture allowed confirmation of the presence of several families of secondary metabolites of biological and pharmacological interest, mainly alkaloids and coumarins, which were more abundant in aqueous and ethanolic extracts. CONCLUSIONS: the presence of abundant alkaloids and coumarins in F. occidentalis could be the cause of its antiseptic activity.

Actividad antiséptica de vinagre de Guadua angustifolia Kunth / Antiseptic activity of Guadua angustifolia Kunth vinegar

Introducción: los vinagres de bambú se utilizan en los países orientales en aplicaciones farmacéuticas, con la especie Guadua angustifolia Kunth no se han encontrado investigaciones similares. Evaluar la actividad antiséptica del vinagre de guadua permitiría avanzar en estos desarrollos. Objetivo: determinar la sensibilidad de las bacterias Pseudomona aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus frente al vinagre de guadua, los cambios con la concentración y el pH. Métodos: la actividad antimicrobiana se midió por difusión en agar en medio Muller Hinton. Se ensayaron vinagres a concentraciones entre 100, 80, 60, 40 y 20 por ciento a pH entre 3 y 6. Se estableció la concentración mínima inhibitoria. Resultados: el vinagre de guadua presenta actividad antiséptica a concentraciones superiores a 12 mg/mL en base seca, rango de pH 2 a 6, reduce en 4 log la concentración de microorganismos y muestra mayor actividad antiséptica contra S. aureus. Conclusiones: la actividad antiséptica del vinagre de bambú comparado con el de otra especie, obtenido en condiciones similares a las que se realizaron en este estudio, se obtiene una mayor actividad para el vinagre de G. angustifolia, lo cual permite demostrar el gran potencial de este para el desarrollo de formulaciones con actividad antiséptica.

Introduction: bamboo vinegars are used in the Asian countries for pharmaceutical applications, but the Guadua angustifolia Kunth species has not been similarly researched in this field. The assessment of the antiseptic activity of guadua vinegar would allow moving forward in this direction. Objective: to determine the antiseptic action of guadua vinegar against Pseudomona aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, with several changes in concentration and the pH. Methods: the antimicrobial activity was measured through the agar diffusion in Muller Hinton medium. Guadua vinegars were tested at 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20 percent concentrations and the pH ranged 3 to 6. The minimum inhibitory concentration was set. Results: guadua vinegar showed antiseptic properties at concentrations over 12 mg/mL, on dry weight and pH range of 2 to 6; it reduced by 4 log the final microorganism concentration and exhibited greater antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Conclusions: comparing the antiseptic activity of bamboo vinegar with that of another species, under conditions similar to those in this study, results in greater activity for Guadua angustifolia vinegar, which can prove its great potential for the development of antiseptic formulations.