The influence of the superior mesenteric artery blood flow on umbilical cord milking of premature infants assessed by Doppler ultrasound / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the dynamic changes of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow after umbilical cord milking (UCM)detected and feeding tolerance in premature infants.Methods:This was a prospective study a total of 88 premature infants delivered in Shanghai Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from June 2018 to February 2020 were randomly divided into UCM group(45 cases) and early cord clamping group (ECC group, 43 cases). SMA blood flow indexes 15 min before the first feeding (prefeed) and 60 min after the first feeding (post-feed) were detected using the GE Voluson 730 Ultrasound Machine, including the peak systolic velocity (PSV), time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI). The gestational age, birth weight, the weight at discharge, SMA blood flow indexes, time to achieve enteral nutrition, length of stay and incidence of complications between the two groups were analyzed using t test, Chi- square test or Fisher′ s exact test. Results:(1)There were no significant differences in the gestational age, birth weight, the mother′s hemoglobin before deliver, and the incidence of complications between UCM group and ECC group (all P>0.05). (2) Except for RI, all SMA blood flow indexes were higher in UCM group than those of ECC group.However, only prefeed TAMV[(24.74±11.47) cm/s vs.(20.24±7.71) cm/s], post-feed TAMV[(42.11±15.74 )cm/s vs.(28.31±9.99) cm/s] and TAMV change before and after feeding [(13.89-20.86) cm/s vs.(5.31-10.82) cm/s]were detected to be significantly higher in UCM group than those of ECC group (all P<0.05). (3) Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the gestational age, birth weight, PSV elevation and PI reduction were negatively correlated with the length of adequate feeding (all P<0.05). (4) The time to achieve enteral nutrition[(11.75±7.36) d vs.(13.38±8.12) d] and the incidence of feeding intolerance [13.3% (6/45 cases) vs.20.9%(9/43 cases)] were lower in UCM group than those of ECC group, although no significant differences were detected (all P>0.05). Conclusions:UCM increases the hemoglobin level in premature infants, which is beneficial to feeding tolerance of premature infants by improving SMA blood flow.

Effect of Panlongqi Tablet on Cervical Spondylosis of Vertebral Artery Type in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish a model of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type （CSA） in rats by mixed modeling method， and observe the intervention effect of Panlongqi tablet （PLQT） on CSA rats. Method:SD rats were divided into a normal control group， a model group， low- （0.16 g·kg^-1）， medium- （0.32 g·kg^-1）， and high-dose （0.64 g·kg^-1） PLQT groups， and a Jingfukang granule （JFK， 1.35 g·kg^-1） group. The rats were treated correspondingly 24 hours after modeling for eight weeks， and those in the normal control group received an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. The limb movement was tested by the inclined plate assay， vertebral artery flow volume by multi-mode high-frequency sound wave for small animals， and microcirculatory blood flow in the pia mater by the laser Doppler. The imaging of the cervical spine was recorded and scored by X-ray micro-computed tomography （Micro CT）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum levels of endothelin-1 （ET-1）， nitric oxide （NO）， tissue plasminogen activator （t-PA）， and plasminogen activator inhibitor （PAI）. Result:Compared with the normal control group， the model group showed decreased limb movement， vertebral artery flow volume， and microcirculatory blood flow in the pia mater， and increased imaging of the cervical spine and score （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. PLQT could dose-dependently improve the motor function， increase the vertebral artery flow volume and microcirculatory blood flow in the pia mater， and reduce the degree and score of imaging of the cervical spine in CSA rats（<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The serum levels of NO and t-PA were decreased and those of ET-1 and PAI were increased in the model group as compared with those in the normal control group， while such changes were reversed by PLQT treatment（<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:PLQT can enhance the limb movement， promote the vertebral artery flow volume and microcirculatory blood flow in the pia mater， improve the degree of imaging of the cervical spine， regulate the vasomotor function， and improve the coagulation and fibrinolysis system of CSA rats， which shows good potential for the treatment of CSA.

Role of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in Gegen Decoction for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the characteristic role of Puerariae Lobatae Radix(PLR) in Gegen Decoction for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea(PD). Estrogen(E_2) was combined with oxytocin to establish a mouse model of PD. The mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a Gegen Decoction group, a PLR-free Gegen Decoction group, a PLR group, and a positive drug group(ibuprofen). Writhing response times and writhing incubation of mice in each group were tested by behavio-ral assessment, and the serum levels of prostaglandin F_(2α)(PGF_(2α)), prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2), E_2, and progesterone(PROG) were detected by ELISA kits. Western blot method was adopted to detect cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and estrogen receptor alpha(ER_α) expression levels in uterine tissues. Doppler ultrasound was employed to detect changes in uterine artery blood flow in mice, including peak systolic blood flow velocity(maximum velocity), end-diastolic velocity(minimum velocity), peak systolic blood flow velocity/end-diastolic velocity(S/D), pulsatility index(PI), and resistive index(RI). Histopathological changes in the uterus were detected by HE staining. Based on the oxytocin-induced isolated uterine contraction model, the effects of Gegen Decoction, PLR-free Gegen Decoction, and PLR on the amplitude, frequency, and activity of isolated uterine contraction were compared to investigate the role of PLR in Gegen Decoction for the treatment of PD. The results showed that compared with the Gegen Decoction group, the PLR-free Gegen Decoction improved the indicators of PD except for E_2 content, ER_α expression, and uterine artery blood flow. PLR could significantly down-regulate the serum content of E_2 and the protein expression of uterine ER_α, and improve the uterine artery blood flow. The data suggested that PLR, as the sovereign drug of Gegen Decoction, might function in Gegen Decoction for the treatment of PD by mediating E_(2 )and improving the uterine artery blood flow.

Effect of Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction on intraocular pressure and prognosis of open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To study the effect of Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction on intraocular pressure control and prognosis in patients with open angle glaucoma. <p>METHODS: Totally 93 patients(186 eyes)with open angle glaucoma admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 were selected. All patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method. In the observation group, 47 cases(94 eyes)were treated with timolol eye drop combined with Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction, and in the control group, 46 cases(92 eyes)were treated with timolol eye drop only. The clinical effect, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, central retinal artery blood flow, mean defect area, visual field average photosensitivity and image evoked visual potential were observed and compared before and after treatment. <p>RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group after treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group(85.1% <i>vs</i> 63.0%, <i>P</i><0.01). After treatment, the intraocular pressure in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.01). After treatment, RI values of central retinal artery blood flow in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(<i>P</i><0.01). PSA and EDV values were significantly higher than those in control group(<i>P</i>=0.011,<0.01). After treatment, the average photosensitivity of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(<i>P</i>=0.001), and the average defect area was significantly less than that of the control group(<i>P</i>=0.011). <p>CONCLUSION: Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction is effective in the treatment of open angle glaucoma. It can effectively control the level of intraocular pressure, enlarge the visual field, promote blood circulation and improve the prognosis.

Influence of the ultrasound examination duration using supine position on umbilical artery blood flow parameters and fetal heart rate in the third?trimester pregnant women / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the influence of the length of time of supine ultrasound examination on the parameters of umbilical artery blood flow in the late pregnant fetus. Methods From February 2019 to June 2019,the ultrasound data of 93 pregnant women with the third-trimester pregnant were analyzed retrospectively. Fetal umbilical artery systolic／diastolic ( S／D ) ratio, resistance index ( RI ), pulsatility index ( PI ) and fetal heart rate ( HR ) were acquired at the beginning of the ultrasound examination and those after the routine ultrasound examination ( the examination of fetal, placenta and amniotic fluid). Forty-seven pregnant women from 29 to 31 weeks of gestation were assigned to around 30-week gestation group,while 46 pregnant women from 35 to 37 weeks of gestation were assigned to around 36-week gestation group. Sixty-five pregnant women with normal S／D ratio at the beginning were assigned to the initial normal group,while 28 pregnant women with abnormal S／D ratio at the beginning were assigned to the initial abnormal group. Fetal umbilical artery S／D ratio,RI,PI and HR at the beginning of the ultrasound and after the routine ultrasound examination were compared using paired sample test within around 30-week gestation group, around 36-week gestation group, initial normal and initial abnormal group, respectively. Results There was no significant difference in fetal umbilical artery S／D,RI PI and HR in the pregnant women at around 30-week gestation(all P＞0. 05). RI before the 36 week pregnant group was 0. 56 ±0. 05,and increased to 0. 58±0. 05 after the routine examination (t＝－2. 190,P＝0. 034). The S／D,RI and Pi of umbilical artery increased from 2. 36±0. 31,0. 57±0. 06,and 0. 84±0. 11 to 2. 50±0. 42,0. 59±0. 06, and 0. 88±0. 14 in the initial normal group ( t＝－3. 087,－3. 002,－2. 287,respectively; P＝0. 003,0. 004, 0. 025,respectively),of which 16 S／D increased to abnormal; the RI of umbilical artery increased from 0. 67 in the initial abnormal group ( 28 women ) after routine examination ) . The difference was statistically significant (t＝2. 616,P＝0. 014) . The ratio of S／D decreased to normal after routine examination in the initial abnormal group ( 14／28), which was higher than that in the initial normal group ( 16 ／ 65) . The difference was statistically significant ( χ2 ＝5. 771, P＜0. 05) . Conclusion Umbilical artery blood flow parameters should be measured at the beginning of the ultrasound examination in the third-trimester pregnant women. Umbilical artery Doppler ultrasound should be performed repeatedly if the pregnant woman has abnormal S／D ratio at the beginning of the examination.

Vadilidation of respirophasic variation in carotid artery blood flow peak velocity as predictors of fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To assess the accuracy and feasibility of respirophasic variation in carotid artery blood flow peak velocity (△Vpeak-CA) as predictors of fluid responsiveness in laparoscopic surgery.Methods Fifty-five patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries,29 males and 26 females,aged 45-75 years,ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,with body mass index 20-24 kg/m2,were enrolled.When intra-abdominal pressure was steady at the level of 13-15 mm Hg,6％ hydroxyethylstarch (HES 130/0.4) 500 ml was infused at the speed of 7 ml/kg within 20 minutes.After volume expansion,subjects were classified as responders (group R,n =32) if cardiac index increased (△CI) was≥ 15％ and no responders (group NR,n =23) as △CI＜15％.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve for △Vpeak-CA in determining the volume expansion responsiveness was plotted,and the diagnostic threshold was determined.The area under curve (AUC) and 95 ％ confidence interval (CI) was calculated.Cardiac index (CI),△Vpeak-CA and stroke volume variation (SW) were independently recorded at 5 minutes after induction (T1),5 minutes after intra-abdominal pressure were stable at the level of 13-15 mm Hg (T2) and 5 minutes after volume expansion (T3).Results △Vpeak-CA is highly negatively correlated with CI (r=-0.843,P＜0.001).The results of ROC curve analysis showed,△Vpeak-CA threshold discriminated between responders and non-responders with a sensitivity of 81.3％ and a specificity of 91.3％,and the AUC was 0.884 (95％ CI 0.793-0.975).Conclusion △Vpeak-CA seems to be a highly feasible and reliable predictor for fluid responsiveness in laparoscopic surgery patients.

Clinical Study on Aescuven Forte Combined with Routine Drugs in the Treatment of Varicocele / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical effects of aescuven forte combined with routine drugs in the treatment of vari-cocele(VC). METHODS:A total of 86 patients with VC selected from our hospital during Feb. 2015-Jan. 2016 were divided into control group and observation group according to odd and even number,with 43 cases in each group. Control group was given rou-tine drug therapy. Observation group was additionally given Aescuven forte tablet 300 mg,po,bid,on the basis of control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 3 months. Clinical efficacies as well as testicular artery blood flow parameters,seminal plas-ma lab indexes and semen quality were compared between 2 groups. The occurrence of ADR was also compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Total response rate of observation group was 90.70％,which was significantly higher than 72.09％ of control group, with statistical significance (P0.05). Compared to before treatment,testicular artery peak systolic velocity,resistance index and pulsatility index of 2 groups were decreased significantly after treatment,while plasma α-glucosidase,acid phosphatase,Fructose,sperm activate rate of for-ward movement,total sperm activate rate and sperm density were increased significantly;each index of observation group was bet-ter than that of control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Aescuven forte combined with routine drug therapy help to improve testicular artery blood flow status of VC patients,regulate the content of semi-nal plasma related molecules and improve semen quality so as to improve clinical efficacy with good safety.

Observations on the Efficacy of Sheng's Six-meridian Diagnosis and Treatment-based Acupuncture in Treating Cervical Spondylotic Arteriopathy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture in treating cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.Method Seventy patients with cervical spondylotic arteriopathy were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The treatment group received Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture and the control group, conventional acupuncture. Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity was measured, and the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Result The total efficacy rate was 85.7% in the treatment group and 62.9% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity, the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.

Effect of aspirin on uterine hemodynamics in patients with early recurrent spontaneous abortion / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To study the hemodynamic parameters of uterine at midluteal phase in patients with early recurrent spontaneous abortion (ERSA) and the effect of aspirin on them. Methods·Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the parameters of uterine blood flow and the endometrial thickness at midluteal phase of 271 women with ERSA (ERSA group) and 66 women without a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (control group). Then ERSA group were administered with aspirin 50 mg/d orally for 2 months and other individualized treatment, and the effect of aspirin on parameters of uterine blood flow and the early pregnancy outcome of them were observed. Results·At midluteal phase, the endometrium was significantly thinner in ERSA group than that in control group. Pulsatility index (PI) of endometrial blood flow and mean PI (mPI), mean resistance index (mRI), and mean systolic/diastolic ratio value (mS/D) of uterine arteries were statistically significantly higher in ERSA group in comparison to control group (P<0.05). Following aspirin treatment, resistance to uterine blood flow reduced significantly in ERSA group (P=0.000), and the endometrial thickness increased in the patients with endometrial thickness less than 7 mm (P=0.000). Only 163 ERSA patients were re-examined by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography after aspirin treatment, among whom 136 women was pregnant after individualized treatment. Among these pregnant patients, 97 cases were pregnant for more than or equal to 12 weeks, while 10 cases aborted during the first 12 weeks, and the early pregnancy outcomes of the other 29 cases were still unclear. Conclusion·In comparison with normal fertile women, ERSA patients have significantly higher resistance to uterine blood flow and thinner endometrium. Aspirin can improve uterine blood perfusion, which improves early pregnancy outcome.

PID controller design to generate pulsatile flow rate for in vitro experimental studies of physiological flows

Producing accurate pulsatile flow rates is essential for many in vitro experimental studies in biofluid dynamics research. A controller system was developed to control a flow loop to produce easily adjustable pulsatile flow rates with sufficient accuracy. An Arduino board is used as a micro-controller to control a pump to produce various pulsatile flow rates, and an open-source proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm is developed for this purpose. Four non-trivial pulsatile waveforms were produced by the PID controller, as well as an iterative controller, and the performance of both controllers was evaluated. Both the PID and iterative controllers were able to successfully produce slowly-varying signals (single and multi-harmonic low frequency sine waves), but for high frequency signals where the flow has strong acceleration/deceleration (e.g. for physiological waveforms) the iterative controller exhibited significant undershoot. The comparison of PID and iterative controllers suggests that if the desired flow rate is a low frequency, simple waveform then the iterative controller is preferred due to simplicity of implementation. However, if the desired signal is rapidly changing and more complicated then the PID controller achieves better results. This system can be implemented in many flow loops due to its simplicity and low cost, and does not require a mathematical model of the system.

Observations on the Efficacy of Sheng's Six-meridian Diagnosis and Treatment-based Acupuncture in Treating Cervical Spondylotic Arteriopathy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture in treating cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.Method Seventy patients with cervical spondylotic arteriopathy were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The treatment group received Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture and the control group, conventional acupuncture. Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity was measured, and the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Result The total efficacy rate was 85.7% in the treatment group and 62.9% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity, the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.

Impact of prostaglandin F2α and endothelin, pulsation index and resistance index of uterine artery blood flow on dysmenorrhea patients of cold stagnation and blood stasis syndrome with Dingkun Dan / 中国中药杂志

This research apply Dingkun Dan to treat patients with dysmenorrhea of cold stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. This study observed its effectiveness and safety of the treatment of the disease and its influence on the serum prostaglandin F2α, endothefin, pulsatility index and resistant index of uterine artery blood, to explore the possible mechanism of effect of Dingkun Dan in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and provide scientific basis for clinical application. The 75 patients with dysmenorrhea of cold stagnation and blood stasis who met the inclusion criteria, were divided into treatment group (n=37) and control group (n=38) by using random number remainder grouping method. In the treatment group patients were treated with Dingkun Dan, the other group were given Fuke Zaizao Jiaonang. Two groups have same time to take the medicine, three days prior to the menstruation for ten days. Medication for three menstrual cycles was seen as a course of treatment. To observe and compare the two groups of patients before and after treatment VAS score, syndrome integral, serum levels of prostaglandin F2α and endothelin, pulsation index and resistance index of uterine artery blood flow and related safety index changes. Finally makes statistical analysis. It has been identified that, Treatment group and control group can reduce pain symptom of dysmenorrhea patients and improve the syndromes scores, compare with control group, effect of the treatment group is more significant(P<0.01). VAS pain curative effect: the treatment group and control group total effective rate respectively were, 97.22%, 69.44%, markedly effective rate were 83.33%, 30.56%, comparison between two groups, treatment group is better than that of control group(P＜0.01). Syndromes curative effect: the treatment group and control group total effective rate respectively were 97.22%, 94.44%, markedly effective rate was 66.67%, 2.78%, respectively. The comparison between two groups, the total effective rate has no obvious difference, but markedly effective rate of treatment group is better than that of control group(P＜0.01). The treatment group can significantly reduce the patients' serum level of prostaglandin F2α(P<0.01), but no obvious difference was found in the control group before and after treatment. Both groups can significantly reduce the serum level of endothelin(P<0.01), comparison between two groups, the treatment group is more significant(P<0.01).Both treatment group and control group were significantly lower left and right pulsation index and resistance index of uterus artery blood flow(P<0.01). Between groups to compare the effect, the treatment group is more significant(P<0.01). Both treatment group and control group in the security check before and after treatment found no significant anomalies. Dingkun Dan in treating dysmenorrhea with cold stagnation and blood stasis syndrome seems to have remarkable clinical curative effect and safety, which may be achieved by significantly reducing the serum level of prostaglandin F2αand endothefin of the patients, and reducing the pulsation index and resistance index of uterine artery blood flow of the patients, to improve uterine artery condition of blood, and correcting local tissue ischemia to relieve pain.

Ge-Gen Decoction attenuates oxytocin-induced uterine contraction and writhing response: potential application in primary dysmenorrhea therapy / 中国天然药物

The uterine tetanic contraction and uterine artery blood flow reduction are possible reasons for primary dysmenorrhea (PD). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the uterine relaxant effect and the influence on uterine artery blood velocity of Ge-Gen Decoction (GGD), a well-known Chinese herbal formula. In female ICR mice, uterine contraction was induced by oxytocin exposure following estradiol benzoate pretreatment, and the uterine artery blood velocity was detected by Doppler ultrasound. Histopathological examination of the uterine tissue samples were performed by H&E staining. Ex vivo studies demonstrated that oxytocin, posterior pituitary, or acetylcholine induced contractions in isolated mouse uterus. GGD inhibited both spontaneous and stimulated contractions. In vivo study demonstrated that GGD significantly reduced oxytocin-induced writhing responses with a maximal inhibition of 87%. Further study demonstrated that GGD normalized oxytocin-induced abnormalities of prostaglandins F2 alpha (PGF2α) and Ca(2+) in mice. In addition, injection of oxytocin induced a decrease in uterine artery blood flow velocity. Pretreatment with GGD reversed the oxytocin response on blood flow velocity. Histopathological examination showed pretreatment with GGD alleviated inflammation and edema in the uterus when compared with the model group. Both ex vivo and in vivo results indicated that GGD possessed a significant spasmolytic effect on uterine tetanic contraction as well as improvement on uterine artery blood velocity which may involve PGF2α and Ca(2+) signaling, suggesting that GGD may have a clinic potential in PD therapy.

Effect of drug-spreading moxibustion for primary dysmenorrheal with cold-damp stagnation and its uterine artery blood flow / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect difference between drug-spreading moxibustion and the oral administration of meloxicam for primary dysmenorrheal with cold stagnation and to explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 101 patients with primary dysmenorrheal were randomly assigned into a drug-moxibustion group(52 cases) and a western medication group(49 cases). Drug-spreading moxibustion was used on the lumbosacral acupoints area and then around lower abdominal five days before menstruation until the 3rd day of menstruation,once three days,while western medicine meloxicam was prescribed one day before menstruation,7.5 mg at a time,once a day and continuously for three days. The clinical effects after one course,namely three menstrual cycles,were compared between the two groups. Meanwhile,the resistance index(RI) and the pulsatility index (PI) of uterine artery and arcus arteriarum were examined through color Doppler ultrasound before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After one-course treatment,the effective rate was 92.3%(48/52) in the drug-spreading moxibustion group,which was better than 67.3%(33/49) in the western medication group(<0.05). Also,all the RI and PI in the drug-spreading moxibustion group were obviously decreased than those before treatment(all<0.05),and the ones were superior to those of the western medication group(all<0.05),which showed no apparent decrease after treatment(all>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Drug-spreading moxibustion can improve the symptoms of primary dysmenorrheal with cold-damp stagnation,and the effect is better than that of meloxicam. The mechanism may be related to improve the blood supply to the uterus.</p>

Correlation analysis of homocysteine and umbilical arterial with color doppler ultrasound with preeclampsia / 中国综合临床

Objective To analyze the relationship between the levels of plasma total homocysteine (Hcy) and umbilical arterial with color doppler ultrasound with the severity of preeclampsia(PE).Methods A total of 70 cases of the third trimester of normal pregnancy, 72 cases of mild PE, and 66 cases of severe PE were selected.Then plasma Hcy levels and umbilical arterial with color doppler ultrasound were detected.Results Hcy levels were statistically significant difference among the normal control group,mild PE group,and severe PE group((8.950±0.585), (11.116±0.615), (14.648±0.620) μmol/L,P＜0.05).Umbilical artery blood flow parameter S/D values in severe PE group was significantly higher in mild PE group and in contrg.1 group (3.43 ±0.72 vs.2.86 ± 0.82 vs 2.75 ± 0.56, P＜ 0.05), while the control group, mild PE group had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Resistance index(RI) ,Pulsatility index(PI) in mild PE group and severe PE group were significantly higher than control group(0.60±0.05,0.78±0.07 vs.0.57±0.06;1.24±0.21,1.47±0.64 vs.0.67±0.35), and the differences among three groups were significant(P＜0.05), while the mild PE, severe PE group had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Hcy of mild PE group was positively correlated with S/D, RI and PI(r=0.548,P=0.009;r=0.587,P=0.008;r=0.324,P=0.02).Hcy of severe PE group was positively correlated with S/D,RI and PI(r=0.752,P=0.001;r=0.627,P=0.003;r =0.438,P=0.024).Hcy and the severity of PE was positively correlated (r =0.450, P ＜ 0.05), S/D and the severity of PE was positively correlated(r=0.316, P =0.002).RI, PI and the severity of PE was no correlation (r =0.024, P =0.726;r =0.054,P =0.649).Conclusion The levels of Hcy and S/D were related to the severity of PE.To reduce Hcy,and monitor S/D were new ways for the diagnosis and treatment of pre-eclampsia.

Protective effect of Budesonide mixed with pulmonary surfactant on brain damage of very low birth weight premature treated with mechanical ventilation / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the influence of middle cerebral artery blood flow on mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight premature after using Budesonide(BUD) mixed with pulmonary surfactant(PS),and to explore the protection mechanism of cerebral injury.Methods Forty premature infants (gestational age ＜ 34 weeks,birth weight ＜ 1 500 g) with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) were randomly assigned into study group and control group in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Aug.2010 to Mar.2012.PS and BUD mixture was used in study group (Per 70 mg PS adding BUD 0.25 mg),PS dose of 70 mg/kg,BUD dose of 0.25 mg/kg.Control group was only administered with PS,dose 70 mg/kg.It was administered intratracheally after 30 to 60 minutes of birth in both groups.The index of blood flow rate and blood vessel elasticity of arteria cerebri media [including systolic velocity (Vs),diastolic velocity (Vd),mean velocity (Vm),resistant index (RI) and elasticity index (PI)] were monitored by using transcranial Doppler.Results The Vs increased steadily in study group,but instability in control group,and there were of statistical differences on the 4 d,5 d,6 d and 7 d (t =3.21,2.95,3.12,3.43,all P ＜ 0.05).The Vd increased steadily in study group,but unsteadily in control group,and there were statistical differences on the 4 d,5 d,6 d and 7 d (t =4.21,3.10,3.98,4.56,all P ＜0.05).The Vm of study group was higher than that in the PS group,and there were statistical differences on the 4 d,5 d,6 d and 7 d (t =2.68,2.98,3.98,3.57,all P ＜ 0.05).The RI of study group was higher than that in the control group,and there were statistical differences in the 5 d,6 d and 7 d(t =3.10,3.98,4.06,all P ＜ 0.05).PI steadily in study group,but instability in control group,and there were statistical differences in the 5 d,6 d and 7 d (t =4.18,3.23,3.02,all P ＜ 0.05).The overall incidence of periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage showed no significant difference,but severe periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage (grade Ⅲ,Ⅳ) of study group was less than that in the control group (x2 =4.80,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of periventricular leukomalacia was reduced in the study group compared with that in the control group (x2 =3.31,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The very low birth weight infants treated with mechanical ventilation show steady cerebral blood flow and lower incidence of brain injury after using BUD mixed with pulmonary surfactant.

Relationship Between Nocturnal Dip, Carotid Artery Blood Flow, Brain Ischemic Change in Open Angle Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of nocturnal dip, carotid artery blood flow, and brain ischemic change on the progression of glaucomatous visual field defect in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) when IOP is less than the target pressure. METHODS: We classified OAG patients (74 patients, 148 eyes) who maintained IOP less than the target pressure as normal tension glaucoma (NTG; 52 patients, 104 eyes) or primary OAG (POAG; 22 patients, 44 eyes). Additionally, we performed 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-hr ABPM), carotid artery color Doppler U/S (CAD), brain MRI, and visual field (V/F) tests on the patients. Nocturnal dips less than 10% were classified as non-dippers, and dips greater than 10% as dippers. The relationships among nocturnal dip, carotid artery blood flow, brain ischemic change, and progression of glaucomatous V/F defect were examined. RESULTS: In the case of dippers, glaucomatous V/F defects were aggravated, with a relative risk of approximately 1.74 (NTG) and 2.91 (POAG) times that of non-dippers. In NTG, decreased carotid artery blood flow and brain ischemic change furthered glaucomatous V/F defects, with a relative risk of approximately 2.40 and 2.54 times that of normal carotid artery blood flow and brain MRI findings, respectively. However, in POAG, decreased carotid artery blood flow and brain ischemic change were not influenced by the progression of glaucomatous V/F defects. CONCLUSIONS: In dippers, decreased carotid artery blood flow and brain ischemic change caused a progression of glaucomatous V/F defects in NTG and POAG patients. Thus, performing 24-hr ABPM, CAD, and brain MRI should be helpful for glaucoma patients with progression of glaucomatous V/F defects even when the IOP is less than the target pressure. In addition, this analysis provides useful information regarding glaucoma diagnosis and treatment.

The efficacy of umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveform to predict the perinatal outcome of term pregnancies with small for gestational age / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether umbilical artery Doppler blood flow velocity waveform is effective in predicting perinatal outcome of term pregnancies with small for gestational age (SGA). METHODS: A total of 381 patients at 37~41 weeks of gestational age (GA) who received antenatal umbilical artery Doppler blood flow test and delivered singleton SGA infants. The ratio of peak-systolic to end-diastolic (S/D) blood flow velocities in the umbilical artery was measured in each patient. The patients were divided into a normal group (n=307) with a S/D ratio equal to or less than 3.0, and an abnormal group with a S/D ratio of greater than 3.0 (n=74). These groups were comparatively analysed with respect to maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean maternal age, gestational age at the time of delivery, and cesarean section rate due to fetal distress. There was significantly increased incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in the abnormal S/D ratio group. And the abnormal S/D ratio group showed lower neonatal birthweight, higher incidence of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and longer stay in neonatal intensive care unit. According to linear regression, in pregnancies complicated by SGA, abnormal S/D ratio was still a risk factor for low birthweight even after controlling for the incidence of hypertension. Conclusion: In term pregnancies accompanied by SGA, abnormal umbilical artery S/D ratio is an independent predictor of neonatal birth weight, incidence of admission to NICU, and NICU stay.

The efficacy of umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveform to predict the perinatal outcome of term pregnancies with small for gestational age / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether umbilical artery Doppler blood flow velocity waveform is effective in predicting perinatal outcome of term pregnancies with small for gestational age (SGA). METHODS: A total of 381 patients at 37~41 weeks of gestational age (GA) who received antenatal umbilical artery Doppler blood flow test and delivered singleton SGA infants. The ratio of peak-systolic to end-diastolic (S/D) blood flow velocities in the umbilical artery was measured in each patient. The patients were divided into a normal group (n=307) with a S/D ratio equal to or less than 3.0, and an abnormal group with a S/D ratio of greater than 3.0 (n=74). These groups were comparatively analysed with respect to maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean maternal age, gestational age at the time of delivery, and cesarean section rate due to fetal distress. There was significantly increased incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in the abnormal S/D ratio group. And the abnormal S/D ratio group showed lower neonatal birthweight, higher incidence of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and longer stay in neonatal intensive care unit. According to linear regression, in pregnancies complicated by SGA, abnormal S/D ratio was still a risk factor for low birthweight even after controlling for the incidence of hypertension. Conclusion: In term pregnancies accompanied by SGA, abnormal umbilical artery S/D ratio is an independent predictor of neonatal birth weight, incidence of admission to NICU, and NICU stay.

Predicting Endometrium Receptivity with Parameters of Spiral Artery Blood Flow / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Summary: In order To evaluate whether the parameters of spiral artery blood flow, as measured by transvaginal color Doppler, may be used to assess endometrium receptivity prior to embryo transfer (ET), a retrospective study of 94 infertile women who had undergone ART treatments with different outcomes (pregnant or nonpregnant) was done. Subendometrial blood flow was evaluated. The resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly lower in those who achieved pregnancy as compared with those who did not: 0.62±0.04 vs 0.68±0.04 (P＜0.001), 2.66±0.33 vs 3.19±0.39 (P＜0.01) and 1.15±0.17 vs 1.34±0.22 (P＜0.05), respectively. Furthermore, when RI>0.72, PI>1.6, and S/D>3.6, no pregnancy occurred. These data suggest that the parameters of spiral artery blood flow could be used as a new assay in predicting endometrial receptivity before ET.