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Resumo Introdução A Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estima que um terço do alimento produzido no mundo é desperdiçado ou se perde ao longo das cadeias produtivas de alimentos, sendo que 46% das perdas ocorrem no processo das vendas e hábitos dos consumidores. Objetivo Este trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar e analisar a eficácia de uma campanha de intervenção por conscientização para o combate ao desperdício de alimentos em uma unidade de alimentação e nutrição. Método Foi estabelecido o índice per capita de resto-ingestão. A coleta desse dado foi realizada durante 25 dias, sendo 10 dias antes, 5 dias durante e 10 dias depois da campanha de conscientização. Resultados Houve redução da média per capita do resto-ingestão de 60,0 ± 14,9 para 39,3 ± 13,4; esse dado concordou com trabalhos existentes na literatura sobre o assunto. Pôde-se também contabilizar uma diminuição do custo financeiro médio em torno de 34,6%. Conclusão Constata-se com este estudo que a falta de conscientização dos comensais contribui significativamente para o alto desperdício de alimentos, pois foi notória a redução do desperdício por resto-ingestão após intervenção.
Abstract Background The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that one-third of the food produced in the world is wasted or lost along the food supply chains; with 46% of the losses in the sales process and by consumer habits. Objective This study aimed to quantify and analyze the effectiveness of an intervention for awareness to combat food waste in a supply and nutrition unit. Method Per capita index of rest-ingestion was applied. The collection of this data was done for 25 days, being 10 days before, 5 days during and 10 days after the awareness campaign. Results There was a reduction of the per capita mean rest-ingestion from 60.0 ± 14.9 to 39.3 ± 13.4; this data agreed with works in the literature on the subject. It was also possible to account for a decrease in the average financial cost of around 34.6%. Conclusion It was found in this study that the lack of awareness of diners contributes significantly to the high food waste, because it was notorious the reduction of the indicator of rest-ingestion waste after intervention.
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Introdução: Atualmente, o câncer de próstata é uma doença bastante prevalente em homens idosos, portanto é com frequência foco de campanhas públicas de conscientização para a sua prevenção. Neste estudo, tem-se como objetivo investigar a utilidade do rastreamento populacional, bem como avaliar o impacto destas campanhas sobre a sociedade. Métodos: As bases de dados Medline foram consultadas com vistas a buscar artigos de maior nível de evidência publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Resultados: os principais estudos sobre rastreamento do câncer de próstata (PLCO e ERSPC) mostraram resultados discordantes sobre o impacto na mortalidade geral e específica. Em metanálise feita pela Cochrane não se encontrou evidência suficiente para afirmar redução da mortalidade específica por Câncer de Próstata. Além disso, o rastreamento está relacionado à sobrediagnóstico. Conclusão: A indicação do rastreamento sistemático da população brasileira masculina pelas campanhas de prevenção contra o câncer de próstata mostrou-se controversa. A individualização da conduta, expondo ao paciente os potenciais riscos e benefícios, mostra-se a conduta mais recomendada por diferentes entidades.
Introduction: Nowadays the prostate cancer is a very prevalent disease, especially in elderly men, therefore is frequently focus of public campaigns of awareness about its prevention. The aim of this study is to investigate the utility of populational screening, as well as evaluate the impact of this campaigns in the society. Methods: Medline database was consulted for articles with the best level of evidence published in the last 10 years. Results: The most important studies about prostate cancer screening (PLCO and ERSPC) had discordant results about the impact in general and specific mortality. A meta-analysis by Cochrane did not found sufficient evidence to affirm reduction in specific mortality due to prostate cancer. Moreover the screening is related to over diagnosis. Conclusion: The indication of systematic screening of Brazilian male population by prostate cancer screening campaigns is controversial, the shared decision, exposing to the patient the potential risks and benefits, is the most recommended recommendation by different medical societies.
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Neoplasias de la Próstata , Concienciación , Tamizaje MasivoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The Korean Society of Coloproctology holds its annual colorectal awareness month every September. This study analyzed the users and the contents of Korean tweets regarding colorectal cancer and estimated the transmissibility of the awareness campaign among Twitter users. METHODS: Prospective data collection was employed to accumulate Korean tweets containing the keywords "colorectal cancer," "colorectal cancer awareness campaign," "gold ribbon," and/or "love handle," from August 1 to September 30, 2014. Twitter users and contents were analyzed, and the credibility of information-sharing tweets throughout the study period was evaluated. RESULTS: In total, 10,387 tweets shared by 1,452 unique users were analyzed. As for users, 57.8% were individuals whereas 5.8% were organizations/communities; spambots accounted for a considerable percentage (36.4%). As for content, most tweets were spam (n = 8,736, 84.1%), repetitively advertising unverified commercial folk remedies, followed by tweets that shared information (n = 1,304, 12.6%) and non-information (n = 347, 3.3%). In the credibility assessment, only 80.6% of the information-sharing tweets were medically correct. After spam tweets had been excluded, a significant increase was seen in the percentage of information-sharing tweets (77.1% to 81.1%, P = 0.045) during the awareness campaign month. CONCLUSION: Most Korean tweets regarding colorectal cancer during the study months were commercial spam tweets; informative public tweets accounted for an extremely small percentage. The transmissibility of the awareness campaign among Twitter users was questionable at best. To expand the reach of credible medical information on colorectal cancer, public health institutions and organizations must pay greater attention to social media.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales , Recolección de Datos , Corea (Geográfico) , Medicina Tradicional , Estudios Prospectivos , Salud Pública , Medios de Comunicación SocialesRESUMEN
ABSTRACT The ‘Time is Brain” concept has been a major focus in the World Stroke Awareness Campaign. Objective We describe our experience with a Hackathon (junction of hack+marathon), a 24 hour event of innovation- and technology-based project development, focused around detecting stroke. Method The Hackathon was held during a Brazilian Student’s union (BRASA) congress involving students from engineering and other technological disciplines. Results Four teamscompleted the 24-hour challenge; two teams opted the stroke challenge. One team proposed improving detection using a mobile sensor Fit-Bit combined with a smart-phone to contact emergency dispatch. The other team developed a game, in which kids would play a role as a neurologist; to diagnosis stroke with objective to increase awareness. Conclusion Hackathons can focus attention on innovation and improvement opportunities to support the World Stroke Campaign, as well as other campaigns to raise awareness for other health or social problems.
RESUMO O conceito ‘Tempo é Cérebro “tem sido um grande foco na Campanha Mundial de conscientização sobre AVC. Objetivo Nós descrevemos experiência com Hackathon (junção das palavras hack+marathon) , um evento de 24 horas voltado a desenvolvimento de inovação tecnológica, centrada em torno de detecção de AVC. Método O Hackathon aconteceu durante o congresso da Associação de Estudante Brasileiros no Exterior (BRASA), envolvendo estudantes de engenharia e disciplinas tecnológicas. Resultados Quatro equipes completaram o desafio, duas optaram pelo desafio sobre AVC, uma propôs a detecção usando um sensor Fit-Bit e um telefone móvel para detecção e contato com a emergência. A outra equipe desenvolveu um jogo para as crianças detectarem AVC. Conclusão Hackathon pode focar a atenção em inovações e oportunidades de melhorias como um adicional a Campanha Mundial contra AVC, bem como em outras campanhas de conscientização para outras doenças ou problemas sociais.
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Humanos , Educación en Salud/métodos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Concienciación , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en SaludRESUMEN
Background & objectives: Despite remarkable progress in airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases in India, the morbidity associated with these diseases is still high. Many of these diseases are controllable through awareness and preventive practice. This study was an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of a preventive care awareness campaign in enhancing knowledge related with airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases, carried out in 2011 in three rural communities in India (Pratapgarh and Kanpur-Dehat in Uttar Pradesh and Vaishali in Bihar). Methods: Data for this analysis were collected from two surveys, one done before the campaign and the other after it, each of 300 randomly selected households drawn from a larger sample of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) members invited to join community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes. Results: The results showed a significant increase both in awareness (34%, p<0.001) and in preventive practices (48%, P=0.001), suggesting that the awareness campaign was effective. However, average practice scores (0.31) were substantially lower than average awareness scores (0.47), even in post-campaign. Awareness and preventive practices were less prevalent in vector-borne diseases than in airborne and waterborne diseases. Education was positively associated with both awareness and practice scores. The awareness scores were positive and significant determinants of the practice scores, both in the pre- and in the post-campaign results. Affiliation to CBHI had significant positive influence on awareness and on practice scores in the post-campaign period. Interpretation & conclusions: The results suggest that well-crafted health educational campaigns can be effective in raising awareness and promoting health-enhancing practices in resource-poor settings. It also confirms that CBHI can serve as a platform to enhance awareness to risks of exposure to airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases, and encourage preventive practices.
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Background: Leprosy is probably the oldest disease affl icting mankind and a public health problem for centuries. Many cases are hidden or undiagnosed, especially due to social stigma, and neglect of painless patches. Between years 2001 and 2005, during which time active surveillance for detection of leprosy was in practice, a steep fall in the prevalence rate (PR) of leprosy was observed. However, during later years, leprosy program discontinued active surveillance for detection of leprosy cases. Presently block level awareness campaign (BLAC) is a special measure undertaken in a campaign mode during September–November in priority areas, (PR > 1/10000 population), during which information, education and communication (IEC) activities and active surveillance of leprosy cases is done. Aims: To evaluate the effect of Block Level Awareness Campaign on performance indicators of national leprosy elimination program (NLEP) in Vadodara district. Methods: The campaign was carried out for 6 days in 12 talukas of Vadodara district by the district leprosy offi ce, Vadodara. Trained teams of health workers carried out information, education and communication (IEC) activity and active surveillance by undertaking house to house survey in each primary health centre (PHC) area. Suspected cases were identifi ed by the team and confi rmed clinically by medical offi cers in the primary health centre of the corresponding areas. A district nucleus team (DNT) validated these confi rmed cases. These data were compared with the district’s national leprosy eradication programme (NLEP) data for the same year, 2012 and the previous year, 2011. Results: A total of 1,574,586 persons, comprising 76%of the population surveyed, were screened for leprosy, which resulted in detection of 358 clinically confi rmed new cases of leprosy, out of which 225 (62.8%) were paucibacillary (PB) and 133 (37.2%) were multibacillary (MB) leprosy. Of these cases, 14 (4%) had deformities, and 37 (10.3%) were children. Limitations: Only 76% of the population could be covered. Histopathological confi rmation of the diagnosis was not undertaken. Because of the large number of health workers invovled, variations in their skills may have infl uenced the diagnosis of suspected cases. Conclusions: Active surveillance linked to focused block level campaigns can be useful tools to detect new hidden leprosy cases.