Pathology of antibody-mediated rejection in renal allograft / 器官移植

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), also known as humoral rejection, is an immune injury caused by rejection involved with multiple humoral immune effectors, such as antibodies and complements, etc. AMR plays a pivotal role in hyperacute, acute and chronic rejection. In this article, the basic definition of AMR, the research progress and major achievements on AMR pathology according to Banff classification on allograft pathology (Banff classification), and main pathological characteristics of AMR in renal allograft were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of AMR, and guarantee the long-term survival of renal graft and recipients.

Pathology of T cell-mediated rejection in renal allograft / 器官移植

T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) is one of the main mechanisms of rejection in organ transplantation, which is also the most common type of acute rejection.Based on Banff classification on allograft pathology (Banff classification) in 2019, TCMR can be divided into acute TCMR (aTCMR) and chronic active TCMR (caTCMR) according to the characteristics of immune lesions.In this article, the basic definition of TCMR, the research progress on TCMR pathology according to Banff classification for renal allograft, and the basic pathological changes and diagnostic grading of TCMR were reviewed, aiming to provide evidence for early identification, diagnosis and treatment of TCMR and prevent the progression of TCMR into caTCMR, thereby guarantying the long-term survival of both the renal allograft and recipient.

Progress on electron microscopy diagnosis on Banff classification for renal allograft pathology / 器官移植

With the development of organ transplantation in clinical practice, allograft pathology has been constantly developing and advancing. The convening of Banff conference on allograft pathology and the establishment of Banff classification on allograft pathology (Banff classification) are pivotal milestones in the development of international allograft pathology. Since then, Banff classification on pathological diagnosis of various transplant organs have been continually updated and improved. Ultrastructural pathological observation by electron microscope plays an irreplaceable role in the early diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection, recurrent disease and de novo disease of renal allograft. Early detection and rational treatment help to maintain the long-term survival of renal allograft and reduce the failure of renal allograft. In this article, the basic definition of electron microscope and the ultrastructural pathological diagnosis, the research history and main progress on electron microscope diagnosis on Banff classification for renal allograft pathology were introduced, and typical pathological changes, specific terminology and diagnostic criteria of electron microscope diagnosis on renal allograft biopsy were summarized, aiming to provide reference for clinical and basic research of organ transplantation.