BASALOID SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA- A RARE METATYPICAL TUMOR- CASE REPORT

A rare kind of squamous cell cancer is called basaloid squamous cell carcinoma occurring in sixth to seventh decade of life with male predilection. It preferentially occurring in upper aerodigestive tract. Rare case reports are presented in the classical age group with a poor prognosis. A 46 year's senior old male patient showed up to otorhinolaryngology department with chief complain of growth on base on left side of tongue and supra-glottic growth. On radiological evaluation by Multislice CT Scanning, a heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion measuring approximately 25×38 mm was noted at the base of tongue. On cytological evaluation of the lesion, highly cellular smear showed malignant morphology of the cells. Histological evaluation reveals a tumour mass in which neoplastic cells were composed of two different cell types – the majority of the cells population consisted of basaloid cells with abrupt association of foci of squamous cells suggesting basaloid variant of Squamous cell carcinoma. We brought this case for acknowledgment due to its rare occurrence, lower age of presentation, poor prognostic value as well as high metastatic potential.

Happle-Tinschert Syndrome: A Case Report of Unilateral Segmentally Arranged Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma with Scoliosis and Review of Literature

Happle-Tinschert syndrome is a rare disease characterized by unilateral, segmentally arranged basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) with osseous, dental, and cerebral anomalies. Although BFH has been demonstrated to be associated with mutations in the patched gene, the genetic basis for Happle-Tinschert syndrome is still unknown. We describe a case of Happle-Tinschert syndrome in a 26-year-old female. The patient presented with unilateral skin color change to brownish papules and atrophoderma following the development of Blaschko's lines, plantar pitting, and nail dystrophy on the right side of the body. She also had scoliosis, hemihypotrophy, and dental anomalies. The skin lesions were histologically confirmed as BFHs. Next-generation sequencing of the patient's genomic DNA obtained from a peripheral blood sample identified no pathogenic mutation. This case illustrates the characteristic clinical features of Happle-Tinschert syndrome. Thus far, 14 cases of Happle-Tinschert syndrome have been reported, and we report another case of this syndrome.

Extensive Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma Involving Minor Salivary Gland of the Hard Palate: A Rare Entity

@#Basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC) is a very rare slow-growing malignant basaloid tumour of the minor salivary gland. We reported a case of BCAC of the minor salivary gland of the hard palate occurring in a 56-year-old man. BCAC shares overlapping histopathological features with the other oral basaloid cell neoplasms which carries different prognosis and treatment modality. We emphasised on the histomorphologic features and the role of immunohistochemistry panel in the differential diagnosis of BCAC in incisional biopsies.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in gingiva: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

As an aggressive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) rarely occurs in the oral and maxillofacial region. The gingiva is an unusual site of BSCC. This study reported a 78-year-old male who presented with left maxillary pain. Clinical examination revealed a gingival mass in the left maxilla. Under microscope, the lesion showed typical comedo necrosis and peripheral palisading. Areas of glandular-like structures were also observed. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that the Ki-67 score of BSCC in this case was 28%, and S-100 was positive in some areas. However, P16 and CK7 were negative. Finally, a diagnosis of BSCC was made based on the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. The patient underwent subtotal maxillectomy. After 12 months later, the patient was alive with no evidence of disease. Combined with relevant literature, this article analyzed the clinicopathological features, differential diagnosis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BSCC. Although surgery remains the main treatment in the head and neck region, radiation-chemotherapy should be considered in some human papilloma virus-positive cases.

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oesophagus: Definitely Rare but does it Differs Significantly from the Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC)is a rare, poorly differentiated variant of squamous cellcarcinoma (SCC). The diagnosis is made only after exclusionof conventional squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cysticcarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Our aim is to presenttwo cases of BSCCs identified in oesophagus with detailedclinicopathological, histological and immunohistochemicalfindings for better understanding of this rare entity which haslimited literature available to avoid misdiagnosis.Case Report: A detailed study of clinical and pathologicparameters in two cases of BSCC reported in our departmentwho had underwent potentially curative surgical resectionafter a preliminary post biopsy diagnosis was made.Microscopically, both the cases showed a quite similarpicture; they were composed of relatively small tumour cells,arranged in solid lobules with abundant comedo- necrosis.However, there were some minor variations as one of themwas accompanied by large areas of typical conventional SCC,whereas the other one showed presence of bizarre cells. Onimmunohistochemical analysis, the tumour cells showedstrong positivity for pan-CK with a high Ki67 index of 80-85%.Conclusion: BSCC have a poorer prognosis than conventionaloesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but no definitivespecific treatment protocol has been established till date.Still these cases were considered worthy of discussion due tothe distinctness of this entity especially considering the siteoesophagus where it is regarded to be quite rare, in addition toits aggressiveness and poor outcome.

HPV related cloacogenic carcinoma of the anal canal with divergent histomorphology

Cloacogenic carcinoma also known as basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare anorectal tumor presenting with varied histomorphology. In this case report, we describe a case of 58-year-old man presenting with bleeding per rectum and pain. A polypoidal tumor was noted in anal canal which on microscopy was diagnosed to be cloacogenic carcinoma with transitional carcinoma-like, basaloid and mucinous patterns. An unusual finding in the present case was the presence of signet ring cells in the mucinous areas. A thorough knowledge of the wide histomorphological spectrum of the tumor and a limited IHC panel are crucial for the diagnosis. Here, we also present a review of literature and describe in detail the origin and histopathological features of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma de células basales / Basal cell adenocarcinoma

El adenocarcinoma de células basales, también conocido como carcinoma salival basaloide, adenoma maligno de células basales, es una neoplasia epitelial de bajo grado, infiltrante, localmente destructivo y con tendencia a ser recidivante. Su aparición es entre la 5ª y 6ª década de vida, sin predilección por sexo. Clínicamente se manifiesta con un edema o un aumento repentino de tamaño en la zona, de consistencia firme, crecimiento lento e indoloro. El diagnóstico de certeza es a través de la histopatología; su tratamiento quirúrgico, y tiene buen pronóstico en sus estadios iniciales (AU)

Basal cells adenocarcinoma also known as salivary basaloide carcinoma basal cells malignant adenoma is a low degree, infiltrating, locally destructive and prone to be relapsing, epithelial neoplasia. It occurs between the 5th and 6th decade of life, with no predilection for sex. Clinically it manifests with an edema or sudden increased size in the area, of firm consistency, slow growth and pain-less. Its treatment is surgical and the diagnosis of certainty is histopathological with a good prognosis. The purpose of this presentation is to show the case of a 57- years-old male patient with clinical and anatomopathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of basal cells located in the yugal mucosa (AU)

First description of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland: case report / Primeira descrição do carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina: relato de caso

The objective of this case report was to describe histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the first reported basaloid carcinomas in the canine mammary gland. Two bitches were treated for tumors in the mammary gland and underwent mastectomy. Microscopic evaluation of these tumors revealed epithelial cells arranged in a predominantly solid pattern with hyperchromatic peripheral cells arranged in a palisade pattern. Metastases in regional lymph nodes were found in both animals, and one bitch exhibited pulmonary metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive labeling for the basal cell markers cytokeratin 14 and p63. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings led to diagnoses of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland with regional and distant metastasis.(AU)

O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever as características histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas do primeiro relato de carcinoma basaloide na glândula mamária canina. Duas cadelas foram atendidas com tumores na glândula mamária e foram submetidas à mastectomia. A avaliação microscópica demonstrou células epiteliais arranjadas em um padrão predominantemente sólido, com células periféricas hipercromáticas, dispostas em paliçada. As duas apresentaram metástase em linfonodos regionais e uma delas metástase pulmonar. A imuno-histoquímica revelou marcação positiva para citoqueratina 14 e p63, marcadores de células basais. Achados histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos levaram ao diagnóstico de carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina com metástase regional e a distância.(AU)

Cutaneous inflammation as a marker of malignant transformation in a patient with linear unilateral basaloid follicular hamartoma

Basaloid follicular hamartoma is a rare, benign and superficial malformation of hair follicles, characterized histologically by epithelial proliferation of basaloid cells with radial disposition. It can be mistaken for basal cell carcinoma. Even though these hamartomas are considered benign lesions, malignant transformation has rarely been reported. We report the case of a 45-year-old healthy woman, with linear, unilateral basaloid follicular hamartoma which developed inflamed papules histologically suggestive of basal cell carcinoma. We believe that identification of local inflammation could be a clinical clue to guide us towards a malignant transformation of basaloid follicular hamartoma.

Localized unilateral basaloid follicular hamartoma along Blaschko's lines on face

Basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) is a rare hamartoma of hair follicle. Clinical presentations may vary but are united by the same histopathological features in the form of folliculocentric basaloid or squamoid cell proliferation in the superficial dermis, which represents malformed and distorted hair follicles. It is important to recognize this entity as its simulant is basal cell carcinoma, a low-grade malignancy. Here, we report a case of localized unilateral BFH in a Blaschkoid distribution on the face of a 14-year-old female.

Endoscopic Features of Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Esophagus at Early Stage / 胃肠病学

Background: Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma characterized by aggressive biological behavior and poor prognosis. Curative resection at early stage can significantly improve the outcome of patients with esophageal BSCC. Endoscopic biopsy is the main approach for the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer, however, the endoscopic features of early esophageal BSCC have not yet been systematically studied. Aims: To summarize the endoscopic features of early esophageal BSCC. Methods: The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of 5 cases of early esophageal BSCC confirmed by pathology of endoscopic submucosal dissection from June 2016 to March 2019 at the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients were 5 males with a mean age of 61 years old. Most of the lesions were located in the middle thoracic esophagus (3/5); the long diameter was equal to or more than 3 cm (4/5), and near 50% circumference of the esophagus was involved (5/5). All of the 5 lesions were presented as endoscopic type Ⅱb. Most of the lesions showed only mucosal roughness under white light endoscopy and there were no obvious demarcation or background color changes under narrow-band imaging. Intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) was categorized as type B1 with low density under magnifying endoscopy in four cases. Iodine staining revealed less-stained or no staining in all the cases. Postoperative pathological results showed T1a tumor in all the cases. Conclusions: The endoscopic findings of early esophageal BSCC were occult. Most of the cases only show rough and flat lesion without other obvious specific changes. Type B1 microvessels with a low density under magnifying endoscopy might be a characteristic feature of early esophageal BSCC.

Esophageal Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma Treated by Endoscopic Resection and Radiation / 대한소화기학회지

Esophageal basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare, aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. BSC is usually diagnosed in advanced stage and its prognosis is relatively poor. A 59-year-old male with subepithelial lesion of the esophagus that was incidentally discovered during health promotion examination was referred to our hospital. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a 10-mm bulging mucosa with an intact surface at 34 cm from incisor teeth. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a smooth margined homogenous hypoechoic lesion, measuring 11.3×3.9 mm with a submucosal layer of origin. The patient underwent endoscopic mucosal resection of the subepithelial lesion. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen revealed BSC with involvement of vertical margin by tumor. The patient then underwent radiotherapy, and is doing well without recurrence for 35 months. We report a case of esophageal BSC confined to submucosal layer successfully treated with endoscopic resection followed by radiation.

A Case of Adnexal Tumor with Folliculosebaceous-apocrine Differentiation: Literature Review and Nomenclature Clarification / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

Carcinoma de células escamosas basaloide en paladar: Reporte de caso

l carcinoma de células escamosas basaloide (CCEB) es una variante poco común y agresiva del carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE), con predilección por el tracto aerodigestivo superior, siendo el paladar un sitio muy raro de desarrollo. Está constituido por un componentes basaloide y uno escamoso en proporciones variables, sin embargo, las características histopatológicas del CCEB se superponen con otras neoplasias. El diagnóstico con diversos marcadores inmunohistoquímicos como p63, Ki67, p16, y citoqueratinas AE1 / AE3 se han convertido en una necesidad para el especialista. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso de CCEB en paladar blando y evidenciar la importancia del apoyo en la Iinmunohistoquímica para un diagnóstico histopatológico precoz. Se presenta además una revisión de literatura en cuanto a esta patología.

asaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with a predilection for the upper aerodigestive tract, the palate being a very rare site of development. It is constituted by a basaloid and a squamous components in variable proportions, however, the histopathological characteristics of the BSCC overlap with other neoplasias. Diagnosis with various immunohistochemical markers such as p63, Ki67, p16, and AE1 / AE3 cytokeratins have become a necessity for the specialist. The objective of this study is to present a case of BSCC in soft palate and to show the importance of the support in the immunohistochemistry for an early histopathological diagnosis. A review of the literature on this pathology is also presented.

The variable morphological spectrum of penile basaloid carcinomas: differential diagnosis, prognostic factors and outcome report in 27 cases classified as classic and mixed variants

Background: Basaloid carcinomas of the penis, HPV-related tumors, are morphologically less homogenous than originally thought. The study objective was to evaluate the prognostic influence of the basaloid pattern in mixed tumors. Methods: We studied 154 Mexican patients from the Hospital de Oncología, CMN, Mexico City (2000­2013) and found 27 with basaloid features in at least 20% of the sections classified as classic basaloid (8 cases), warty-basaloid (7), papillary-basaloid (5) and usual-basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (7). We evaluated patients' age, site and size of tumor, histological classification, grade, thickness, anatomical level, vascular and perineural invasion, prognostic index score and node involvement. Penile intraepithelial neoplasia in adjacent epithelia was documented. Follow up ranged from 12­78 months. Statistical methods were Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The cutoff for statistical significance was p <0.05. Results: There were not clinical differences. Microscopically types were distinctive and easy to separate. Usual-basaloid squamous cell carcinomas were smaller, thinner and rarely invaded corpora cavernosa, with a low prognostic index score. Classic basaloid, warty-basaloid and papillary-basaloid carcinomas had higher rates of vascular and perineural invasion and higher prognostic index scores. These findings correlated with the rate of nodal metastasis. The majority of patients with classic and papillary-basaloid neoplasms died from systemic metastasis (87.5 and 80%) whereas only 1 patient with usual-basaloid carcinoma died of the disease (14%). Conclusions: Basaloid carcinomas are not a single entity but a spectrum of variable histological architectures mixed with those of classic basaloid tumors. Identification of mature squamous cells in a basaloid carcinoma may be important to recognize and report because patients with these tumors may carry a better prognosis (AU)

Digital Pilomatrixoma An Unusual Site of Presentation.

Pilomatricoma is an uncommon, harmless, skin lesion derived from hair matrix cells. It is also spelled 'pilomatrixoma' and sometimes known as 'calcifing epithelioma of malherbe'. It is most often diagnosed in young children but may also affect adults. Single skin-coloured or purplish lesions arised on the head and neck, but they may occur on any site. They are characterized by calcification within the lesion, which makes it feel hard and bony. FNAC can help us in the diagnosis but excisional biopsy and histopathological examination is recommended for confirmation and curative treatment. We present a rare case of pilomatricoma of the digit in an adult female.

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma Manifested as a Solitary Erythematous Nodule / 대한피부과학회지

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare malignancy, which has a predilection for the upper aerodigestive tract. A 78-year-old man presented with solitary erythematous nodule on the right neck. The tumor mass was rapidly enlarged for last 5 months and firmly attached to deep soft tissue. Neck computed tomography showed enhanced density in vallecular region and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Wide excision of the tongue base with modified lymph node dissection, including the solitary erythematous nodule, was performed. Histopathologically, the tongue base and cutaneous lesion displayed closely packed basaloid cells with comedonecrosis and squamous eddy formation. The cells demonstrate a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and abundant mitotic figures. Staining for p63, cytokeratin 5 (CK5) demonstrated diffuse uptake within the tumor and CD56 stain was negative. We diagnosed this case as the first Korean case of metastatic cutaneous BSCC.

Happle-Tinschert Syndrome: Report of a Case with Hemimegalencephaly

Happle-Tinschert syndrome is a disorder causing unilateral segmentally arranged basaloid follicular hamartomas of the skin associated with ipsilateral osseous, dental and cerebral abnormalities including tumors. Although a case with hemimegalencephaly was previously described, this is the first report of Happle-Tinschert syndrome with discrepant short left leg, ipsilateral skin lesions, hemimegalencephaly and frontal polymicrogyria.

Basaloid Carcinoma: An Unusual Presentation.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), an uncommon tumor, is a distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma because of its unique histological features and highly aggressive malignant behavior. We report a case of pedunculated, nonaggressive basaloid cell carcinoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall in a middle-aged female treated successfully with wide local excision and postoperative radiotherapy.

The Study of the Clinical, Histopathological Features of Pilomatricoma and the Differentiation to Normal Hair Follicles / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Pilomatricoma is a benign appendageal tumor characterized by basaloid and shadow cells. Differentiation towards normal hair follicles is often observed in this condition. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and histopathological features of pilomatricoma and to confirm diverse types of differentiation towards normal hair follicles, and its origin. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and histopathological findings of 64 patients who had visited our hospital in the last 7 years. The evolutional stages of tumor and differentiation were analyzed through histopathological findings. RESULTS: The majority of the tumors occurred in the first two decades (69.8%). Unlike previous reports, the male to female ratio was 1.1:1. The mean duration was 11.8 months. The predilection sites were the upper extremities (40.8%), face (33.8%), neck (15.5%), back (2.8%), scalp (2.8%), and thigh (2.8%) in that order. Histopathologically, most of the tumors were located in the lower dermis (76%) and enclosed by pseudocapsules. The evolution of tumor was divided into four groups- early, fully developed, early regressive, and late regressive stage, as previously reported. Our 71 cases were classified as: 2 early, 16 fully developed, 34 early regressive, and 19 late regressive stage. Calcification (60.5%) and ossification (8.4%) were observed, and the ratio increased as the tumor aged. Inflammatory cell infiltration and multinucleated giant cells were observed disorderly. Differentiation to normal hair follicles was observed: 14 cases to infundibulum, 10 isthmus, 17 outer root sheath, and 11 inner root sheath. CONCLUSION: Pilomatricoma is a benign tumor that differentiates toward the hair cortex. Basaloid and shadow cells correspond to hair matrix cells and immature hair cortex cells, respectively. Basaloid cell can also differentiate to normal hair follicles.