Factors influencing data quality in routine health information systems in Maridi county, South Sudan

Background: Health system planning and monitoring rely on routine data collection, analysis and utilisation. However, underdeveloped countries need more data for decision-making. South Sudan's data management framework only partially functions, with delayed data collection and inaccurate data. The study examined the factors affecting data quality in Maridi County, South Sudan, aiming to improve resource forecasting and equitable health service delivery. Objective: The study sought to identify the obstacles and opportunities for improving data quality in health information systems (HIS) in Maridi County, Western Equatoria State, South Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 106 respondents was conducted on 12 healthcare facilities in Maridi County. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used for descriptive, factor and thematic analysis to understand data quality, focussing on behavioural, organisational and technical aspects. Result: The study revealed that insufficient motivation, negative staff attitudes, excessive workloads, a lack of cooperation, personnel insufficiency, inadequate supervision, feedback and training influenced data quality. These factors were interrelated, with over 50% of variables showing weak to strong correlations. Set of standard indicators correlated with the presence of standard data collection tools (r = 0.51). Regular feedback from the County Health Department linked with completeness (r = 0.63) and the training of personnel on health management information systems (HMIS) and completeness resulted in moderate association (r = 0.488). Conclusion: Staff motivation, optimal staffing, training, regular feedback, and continuous supervision are crucial for maintaining the appropriate skill set for data quality. Contribution: Data quality can be achieved when standard tools and human resources are maintained and are evenly distributed.

Determinant Factors Related To Hepatitis A Incidence Outbreaks In Depok City, Indonesia

@#Introduction: The third ranked country with the highest hepatitis cases in the world is Indonesia. The incidence of Hepatitis A in Indonesia has increased since 2007 amounted to 19.3% and infected many people aged over 15 years old. In 2010 there were 6 outbreaks with 279 sufferers, in 2011 there were 9 outbreaks with 550 patients, in 2012 there were 8 outbreaks with 369 sufferers, in 2013 there were 13 outbreaks with 504 cases. In 2019, 262 cases of hepatitis were found at Depok City. Methods: This research uses Case Control design and analytic survey method. The respondents of this study were elementary school students who were affected and not affected by Hepatitis A, amounted to 60 respondents. Results: The results showed the respondents hand washing behaviour is not good, amounted to 34 respondents (56.7%), junk food consumption is high, amounted to 30 respondents (50%). and respondents who are not knowledgeable amounted to 46 respondents (76.7%). The analysis of Bivariate shows that the relationship between hand washing behaviour (P-value = 0.037), junk food consumption (P-value = 0.039), knowledge (P-value = 0.015) with the incidence of hepatitis A is significant. Conclusion: There is significant relationship between all independent variable (hand washing behaviour, and junk food consumption and knowledge) with the incidence of hepatitis A.

Community Outreach Program on Healthy Weight Week to Create Awareness on the Influence of Behavioral Factors on Body Mass Index in School Children.

Healthy Weight Week, January 19th-25th, 2014, celebrates healthy non-diet lifestyles that can prevent eating and weight problems. The prevalence of child obesity is increasing rapidly worldwide. The behavioral factors such as television watching, exercise, internet browsing, videogames and fast food consumption along with academic stress greatly contributes to obesity. Aim of our study was to impart knowledge, to create awareness on obesity and to correlate the BMI with their behavioral factors among 65 school children. After creating awareness and informing about their BMI they were asked to answer a questionnaire about their behavior pattern. The Karl Pearson correlation co-efficient was used for analysis of data, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The obese children correlated with more hours of television watching and less exercise. The number of hours of video games played and fast food consumption correlated well with the BMI. The academic stress negatively correlated with BMI. An awareness on BMI, obesity, fast food, exercising regularly, sedentary lifestyle created by television watching, playing videogames and internet browsing was done among the school children of Mangalore. The students gave feedback of usefulness of the program conducted on healthy weight week.

Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Obesity in Adults: Evidence From the 2001 to 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey / 예방의학회지

OBJECTIVES: The present study examined relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity and body mass index (BMI) as well as the effects of health-related behavioral and psychological factors on the relationships. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on Korean adults aged 20 to 79 years using data from the 2001, 2005, and 2007 to 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to estimate odds ratios of obesity and mean differences in BMI, respectively, across SES levels after controlling for health-related behavioral and psychological factors. RESULTS: We observed significant gender-specific relationships of SES with obesity and BMI after adjusting for all covariates. In men, income, but not education, showed a slightly positive association with BMI (p<0.05 in 2001 and 2005). In women, education, but not income, was inversely associated with both obesity and BMI (p<0.0001 in all datasets). These relationships were attenuated with adjusting for health-related behavioral factors, not for psychological factors. CONCLUSIONS: Results confirmed gender-specific disparities in the associations of SES with obesity and BMI among adult Korean population. Focusing on intervention for health-related behaviors may be effective to reduce social inequalities in obesity.

The interaction analysis of genetic and behavioral factors on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the the interaction analysis of genetic and behavioral factors on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome. Methods This study consisted of 134 subjects between June 2009 and Dec.2009 from affiliated hospital of Jining Medical University, All subjects underwented selective coronary angiography or coronary artery CT. Coronary artery disease based on the results of coronary angiography or coronary artery CT that at least one coronary artery diameter reduction of more than 50% and fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of ACC/AHA. 84 patients with acute coronary syndrome and 50 controls, and general informations, current disease history,past medical history, related be havioral factors were collected. DNA was extracted from acute coronary syndromepatients and healthy control subjects, stored in -20 ℃. The genotype of CFH Y402H was detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) methods in acute coronary syndrome patients and controls. PCR amplification products was verificated by electrophoresis on agarose gel. Deviation of genotype distribution form Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was assessed using x2 test in each group. Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic analyses were conducted in the end. Results The results showed that smoking history (P=0.000, OR =4.894,OR 95% CI:2.537 ～9.441 ), alcohol drinking history(P= 0.008,OR =2.879,OR 95% CI: 1.499 ～ 5.528 ), hypertension (P = 0.000, OR = 4.222, OR 95% CI: 2.195 ～ 8.123), sports activities (P =0.002,OR =0.333, OR 95% CI:0.188 ～ 0.589 ), salt intake (P= 0.006, OR = 0.457, OR 95% CI:0.287 ～0.727 ), character(P = 0.000, OR = 0.385, OR 95% CI :0.247 ～ 0.600 ) stress of occupations (P = 0.015, OR =2.118, OR 95% CI: 1.278 ～ 3.511 ) were associated with acute coronary syndrome of Northern Chinese Han population. Smoking history(P = 0.010, OR = 6.084, OR 95% CI: 1.543 ～ 23.988), hypertension (P= 0.024, OR =2.821, OR 95% CI: 1.143 ～ 6.595 ), sports activities (P= 0.004, OR = 0.297, OR 95% CI:0.130 ～ 0.678 ), personality(P= 0.011, OR = 0.435, OR 95% CI:0.229 ～ 0.829 ) were significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome in multivariate conditional logistic analyses after adjusting other factors. Conclusions Smoking history,hypertension, personality are risk factors of acute coronary syndrome of Northern Chinese Han population. Butsports activities is protective factors.

A influência de fatores comportamentais e ambientais domésticos nas quedas em idosos / The influence of behavior and domestic enviromental factors in elderly falls

Resumo O Brasil encontra-se entre os países da América Latina que têm experimentado maior aumento no número de pessoas da chamada terceira idade. No Brasil, aproximadamente 30% das pessoas com 65 anos e mais que moram em comunidades têm um evento de queda a cada ano. Metade dos idosos que caem repetem o evento. As lesões decorrentes dessas quedas são responsáveis pela sexta causa de morte nesta faixa etária. Tais episódios podem estar relacionados a fatores intrínsecos, bem como aos fatores extrínsecos e comportamentais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo revisar a literatura brasileira sobre fatores extrínsecos associados a quedas em idosos, descrevendo a participação de elementos físicos ambientais e comportamentais nesses eventos, além de sistematizar as principais recomendações sugeridas para prevenção das mesmas. Foram utilizados artigos publicados no período entre 1997 e 2007, acessados nas bases de dados eletrônicas; SciELO, Lilacs e Medline, os quais foram selecionados no idioma português utilizando-se os descritores: quedas, idosos. Concluiu-se, através da literatura consultada, que há conhecimento e soluções em abundância para eliminação dos fatores de risco físicos ambientais relacionados às quedas em idosos. Entretanto, os elementos comportamentais associados a estes eventos contemplados na literatura ainda são pouco estudados, o que pode dificultar tanto a elaboração, como o sucesso das estratégias de prevenção das quedas na população idosa.

Abstract Brazil is one Latin American countries that has experienced the largest increase in the number of elderly people. In Brazil, 30% of the elderly who live in communities have one occurrence of fall every year. Half of them repeat the event. The injuries due to these falls are the sixth cause of death in this population. These episodes may be related with intrinsic factors, extrinsic factors and dangerous behavior. This study aims to review the Brazilian literature om extrinsic factors associated with elderly falls, describing the environmental elements and the elderly behavior in this events, and to systematize the main directions proposed to prevent falls. We examined published articles between 1997 and 2007 from the databases: SciELO, Lilacs, and Medline, which were selected in Portuguese by using the key words: falls, elderly. Based on the literature, we concluded that there are abundant knowledge and solutions for environmental risk factors related to elderly falls. However, the behavioral elements associated to these events present in literature are insufficiently assessed, what can hinder the elaboration and the success of preventive strategies of falls among the elderly population.

Asociación entre pobreza e infestación parasitaria intestinal en preescolares, escolares y adolescentes del sur de Valencia estado Carabobo-Venezuela / Association between poverty and intestinal parasitism in pre-school, elementary school children and adolescents from south of Valencia state of Carabobo Venezuela

Condiciones de vida deficientes, contaminación fecal de agua, de alimentos y del suelo favorecen la transmisión de parásitos intestinales. Para establecer asociación entre pobreza e infestación parasitaria se evaluaron aspectos socio-sanitarios (composición familiar, estrato social, vivienda), ambientales (agua, excretas) y coproparasitológicos (examen directo y kato) en 257 sujetos (2 a 18 años), de Valencia Estado Carabobo. Se encontró: Predominio de escolares en estrato IV, de estructura monofamiliar y de 5 personas por grupo; 48,2 por ciento de infestación, alta prevalencia en escolares (mono (57,3 por ciento) y poliparasitismo (52,6 por ciento). Los protozoarios fueron más prevalentes en el estrato IV (63,9 por ciento) y los helmintos en el estrato V (64,3 por ciento). No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre estrato socioeconómico por el método de Graffar- Méndez Castellano y parasitosis, pero sí entre parasitosis y ausencia de cloacas, agua no tratada, baño intradomiciliario, ausencia de piso y número de personas por familia. Predominio de protozoarios en familias de hasta 5 personas (56,6 por ciento) y helmintos en familias con mas de de cinco personas (78,6 por ciento). Asociación significativa entre Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba coli y Ascaris lumbricoides y familias de más de 5 personas. Hubo estrecha aociación entre parasitosis y condiciones socio-sanitarias, ambientales y conductuales, lo que favorece la morbilidad en este grupo poblacional, perpetuando el ciclo de pobreza e infestación parasitaria.

Poor living conditions, fecal contamination of food, water and soil are factors that contribute to intestinal parasites transmission. In order to stablish association between poverty and parasitary infectation, socio-sanitary (family structure, social stratum, housing), environmental (water and excreta disposition) and coproparasitological (direct and kato examination) aspects were evaluated, in 257 subjects (2-18 years old), from Valencia, Carabobo State. Findings were: High prevalence of school children, of stratum IV, of monofamiliar structure, with five persons per group. Parasite infestation was found in 48.2 percent of children, more prevalent in school children, with mono (53.7 percent) and poliparasitism (52.6 percent). Protozoa forms were more prevalent in stratum IV (63.9 percent) and helminthes forms in stratum V (64.3 percent). There was not statistically significant association between socioeconomic strata assessed by Graffar-M‚ndez Castellano method and parasitic infestation, but between parasitic infestation and sociosanitary conditions (absence of sewers, non-treated water, intradomiciliary bath, absence of floor and number of people by family), statistically significant association was present. Predominance of protozoa in subjects from small families groups (less than five persons) was 56.6 percent while in children from large families groups (higher than five persons), prevalence of helminthes was 78.6 percent. Significant association was found between Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba coli and Ascaris lumbricoides and large families groups. It is concluded that a strong and significant association was found between parasite infestations and socio-sanitary, environmental and cultural conditions, situation that favours a high morbidity rate, which perpetuates the interactions cycle of poverty and parasite infestations.

The Relations among Pain, Emotional and Cognitive-behavioral Factors in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Patients

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relations among pain, emotional factors and cognitive-behavioral factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain patients. METHOD: This study was designed as a questionnaire survey. 73 patients who visited our outpatient clinics due to chronic musculoskeletal pain were evaluated. They checked visual analogue scale (VAS), pain site and frequency. Beck depression inventory (BDI) and state-trait anxiety index (STAI) were checked for evaluation of emotional factors. Somatization scale of symptom checklist-revised (SCL-R- 90) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) were checked for cognitive-behavioral factors. Correlations among each variable were evaluated by statistical analysis. RESULTS: VAS was correlated with pain frequency (r=0.538, p0.05). CONCLUSION: Cognitive-behavioral factors such as catastrophizing thought are strongly correlated with both pain aspects and emotional factors. Consideration of cognitive- behavioral factors as well as emotional factors may be important for management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.