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Objective To investigate MR and US diagnotic value of long head of the biceps tendon injury.Methods A total of 80 patients with suspected injury of long head of the biceps tendon underwent arthroscopy surgery.All patients had MR and US examination preoperatively.The preoperative results were compared with the findings during the arthroscopy in order to assess the effectiveness of two methods.Results Among 80 patients, there were completely torn in 19 cases, partly torn in 45 cases, biceps tendon tenosynovitis in 10 cases, biceps tendon slippage in 6 cases.The accuracy of MR and US in the diagnosis of completely torn, partly torn, biceps tendon tenosynovitis, biceps tendon slippage were 98.7%,92.5%,97.5%,100% and 96.2%,85.0%,96.3%,98.7% respectively.There was no statistic difference between MR and US in diagnosing completely torn,biceps tendon tenosynovitis and biceps tendon slippage(P>0.05),but the accuracy of MR in diagnosing partly torn was higer than US(P<0.05).Conclusion MR determination of biceps tendon partial tear is of obvious advantages.US examination can be used as a routine method for the investigation of patients with suspected biceps tendon injury.
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OBJETIVO: Definir una zona segura, usando como referencia la línea intercondílea anterior (LCA) del codo para realizar los bloqueos anteroposteriores durante el enclavijado endomedular retrógrado humeral (CEMR). MÉTODOS: Estudio experimental ex-vivo. Trece húmeros humanos fueron analizados. Se tomaron fotografías registrando la porción distal de los húmeros paralelos a la LCA, elevando el húmero distal 10cm. Tres evaluadores independientes realizaron las siguientes mediciones: ángulo del surco bicipital (SB) a la altura del cuello quirúrgico humeral (S, formado por las paredes medial y lateral del SB; zona de peligro) y el ángulo complementario lateral (formado por el límite lateral de la tróclea y la pared lateral del SB a la altura del cuello quirúrgico humeral; zona segura). RESULTADOS: Valor promedio de S: 3,1±0,5° (3,3-4), coeficiente de correlación intraclase: 0,057 (p=0,057). Valor promedio del ángulo complementario lateral: 87,5±3,3° (81,3-92,5), coeficiente de correlación intraclase: 0,304 (p=0,217). Considerando 3 desviaciones estándar del promedio de los ángulos medidos (para aumentar los parámetros de seguridad) la zona segura se enmarcó entre los 0° y los 80° con relación a la LCA. CONCLUSIÓN: En este estudio la zona de seguridad del bloqueo cefálico anteroposterior para evitar el daño del tendón bicipital durante el enclavijado endomedular retrógrado humeral se localizó entre los 0° y 80° con relación a la LCA.
OBJECTIVE: To define a safe zone, using the anterior intercondylar line (AIL) of the elbow as a reference to perform anterior-posterior (AP) cranial blocks during retrograde intramedullary humeral nailing (RIHN). METHODS: An ex-vivo experimental study was performed by analysing 13 human humeri. Photographs were taken, recording the distal portion of the humeri parallel to the AIL, elevating the distal humerus 10cm. Three independent evaluators made the following measurements: Bicipital groove (BG) angle at the level of the surgical neck of the humerus (S, formed by the medial and lateral walls of the BG; danger zone) and the Lateral Complementary Angle (LCA, formed by t5he lateral trochlear limit and the lateral wall of the BG at the level of the surgical neck of the humerus; safe zone). RESULTS: The mean value of S: 3.1±0.5° (3.3-4), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.057 (P=.057). The mean value of the AIL: 87.5±3.3° (81.3-92.5), ICC: 0.304 (P=.217). Using 3 standard deviations from the mean of the angles measured (in order to increase the safety parameters), the safety zone is located between 0° and 80° in relation to the AIL. CONCLUSION: In this study, the safety zone of the AP cranial block, in order to avoid damage to bicipital tendon during RIHN, is situated between 0° and 80° in relation to the AIL.