Status and prospect of transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation for biological valve degeneration / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Along with the coming of aged society, the prevalence of heart valvular disease is significantly increasing, and the use of bioprosthetic valves for treating patients with severe valve disease has increased over the last two decades. As a consequence, a growing number of patients with surgical bioprosthesis degeneration is predicted in the near future. In this setting, valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic/mitral valve replacement (TAVR/TMVR) has emerged as an alternative to redo surgery. A deep knowledge of the mechanism and features of the failed bioprosthetic heart valve is pivotal to plan an adequate procedure. Multimodal imaging is fundamental in the diagnostic and pre-procedural phases. The immediate and mid-term clinical and hemodynamic results have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of ViV techniques, but the development of these techniques faces several specific challenges, such as coronary obstruction, potential post-procedural mismatch and leaflet thrombosis. This article reviews the current status and prospects of ViV-TAVR technology in the treatment for biological valve degeneration, and suggests that ViV-TAVR should be promoted and implemented in existing medical centers with good surgical aortic valve replacement experience, so as to provide better treatment for patients.

Revisión de la evidencia de estudios de supervivencia de pacientes con prótesis valvular biológica / Review of the evidence in survival studies of patients with a biological valve replacement

Resumen Introducción: las modificaciones en las características estructurales/funcionales de las prótesis valvulares han derivado en un aumento en las curvas de sobrevida/supervivencia de los pacientes, dada la reducción de las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad posteriores a intervenciones quirúrgicas de las válvulas cardíacas y los cambios sustanciales en la relación costo-efectividad y costo-beneficio de estos procedimientos. Objetivo: conocer la supervivencia de pacientes mayores de 60 años de edad, con prótesis valvular biológica. Materiales y métodos: revisión de estudios de seguimiento publicados en los cuales se evaluó la supervivencia de los pacientes sometidos a reemplazo valvular. Se hizo una búsqueda de artículos científicos registrados en la base de datos PubMed, de acuerdo con los descriptores seleccionados como palabras clave − Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/Heart Valve Prosthesis, Bioprótesis/Bioprosthesis, Supervivencia/Survival − en el programa de gestión de referencias EndNote. Se valoró la fuerza de evidencia científica de cada uno de los artículos seleccionados con la escala de McMaster para estudios cuantitativos. Resultados: se obtuvieron 12 referencias y se descartaron 5 (41,7%); calificación global de "fuerte" con la escala de McMaster 7 (58,3%). El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 13,7 años y la razón de masculinidad de 1:0,8. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue 67,2 (rango 60,0-78,5) años. La supervivencia promedio a diez años fue del 65%. Conclusiones: se observa mayor supervivencia entre los pacientes sometidos a reemplazo valvular mecánico versus biológico; sin embargo, la literatura plantea como opción razonable el uso de prótesis biológicas en pacientes mayores de 60 años. Se reconoce, así mismo, la necesidad de hacer más estudios que puedan corroborar los hallazgos.

Abstract Introduction: The modifications in the structural / functional features of replacement valves have led to an increase the survival curves of the patients. This can be seen in the reduction in morbidity and mortality rates after the surgical intervention of the cardiac valves, as well as the substantial changes in the cost-effectivity and cost-benefit ratio of these procedures. Objective: To determine the survival of patients over 60 years of age with a biological valve replacement. Materials and methods: A review of follow-up published studies that evaluated the survival of patients subjected to a valve replacement. A search was made of the scientific articles registered in the PubMed databases, using the selected descriptors as Key words: Heart Valve Prosthesis, Bioprosthesis, Survival, in the references management program-EndNote. The strength of the scientific evidence in each of the selected articles was assessed using the McMaster scale for quantitative studies. Results: A total of 12 references were found and 5 (41.7%) were discarded, and 7 (58.3%) had an overall "strong" score with the McMaster scale. The mean follow-up time was 13.7 years, and the male ratio was 1:0.8. The mean age of the patients was 67.2 (range: 60.0-78.5) years. The mean survival rate at 10 years was 65%. Conclusions: A higher survival was observed between the patients fitted with a mechanical versus a biological valve. However, the literature has established the use of a biological replacement valve as a reasonable option in patients over 60 years of age. It is also recognised that more studies are needed that can corroborate the findings.

Tricuspid valve replacement in the treatment of severe tricuspid valve disease: a report of 27 cases / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To analyze the medium and long-term results of tricuspid valve replacement (TVR)and summarize the operative experience for tricuspid valve disease.Methods Clinical data of 27 patients with severe tricuspid valve disease from September 2005 to May 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.Biological valve prosthesis was replaced in 23 patients,while mechanical valve prosthesis was replaced in 4 patients.Accompanying procedures included mitral valve replacement in 8 cases,mitral valve replacement and aortic valve replacement in 4 cases,and repair of atrial septal defect in 4 cases.Results The operative mortality was 11.1％(3/27),among these patients,2 cases died of serious low cardiac output syndrome,1case died of muhiorgan failure on the 7th day after operation,1 case who underwent reoperation for hemorrhage postoperative was improved after treatment.During follow-up,1 patient died of biological valve prosthesis dysfuncion 3 years after operation,1 patient died of cerebral embolism 19 months after operation.Six cases were in New York Heart Association(NYHA)class Ⅰ,and 14 cases in NYHA class Ⅱ during the period of follow-up.Conclusions Because operative and follow-up mortality is high,TVR is the last selection for the treatment of tricuspid valve disease.Appropriate operative technique and perioperative therapy are the key for clinical success.For those older than 50 years,follow-up inconvenience and reproductive-age female patients,biological valve prosthesis should be recommended as a preferential choice.