RESUMEN
The potential therapeutic action of shikonin in an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was investigated. As a RA animal model, DBA/1J mice were immunized two times with type II collagen. After the second collagen immunization, mice were orally administered shikonin (2 mg/kg) once a day for 35 days, and the incidence, clinical score, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and joint histopathology were evaluated. BMD in the proximal regions of the tibia largely increased in the shikonin treatment group compared with the control group. We also examined the effect of shikonin on inflammatory cytokines and cartilage protection. Shikonin treatment significantly reduced the incidence and severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), markedly abrogating joint swelling and cartilage destruction. Shikonin also significantly inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and up-regulated tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in mice with CIA. In conclusion, shikonin exerted therapeutic effects through regulation of MMP/TIMP; these results suggest that shikonin is an outstanding candidate as a cartilage protective medicine for RA.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratones , Artritis Experimental , Artritis Reumatoide , Densidad Ósea , Cartílago , Colágeno , Colágeno Tipo II , Citocinas , Inmunización , Incidencia , Articulaciones , Modelos Animales , Modelos Teóricos , Naftoquinonas , Tibia , Inhibidor Tisular de Metaloproteinasa-1RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The Dual-Energy Quantitative Computed Tomography(DEQCT) was compared with bone equivalent K2HPO4 standard solution and ash weight of animal cadaveric trabecular bone in the measurement of bone mineral contents(BMC). METHOD AND MATERIALS: The attenuation coefficient of tissues highly depends on the radiation energy, density and effective atomic number of composition.The bone mineral content of DEQCT in this experiments was determined from empirical constants and mass attenuation coefficients of bone,fat and soft tissue equivalent solution in two photon spectra.In this experiments, the BMC of DEQCT with 80 and 120kVp X rays was compared to ash weight of animal trabecular bone. RESULTS: We obtained the mass attenuation coefficient of 0.2409, 0.5608 and 0.2206 in 80kVp, and 0.2046, 0.3273 and 0.1971cm2/g in 120kVp X-ray spectra for water, bone and fat equivalent materials, respectively.The BMC with DEQCT was acomplished with empirical constants K1=0.3232, K2=0.2450 and mass attenuation coefficients has very closed to ash weight of animal trabecular bone. The BMC of empirical DEQCT and that of manufacturing DEQCT were correlated with ash weight as a correlation r=0.998 and r=0.996, respectively. CONCLUSION: The BMC of empirical DEQCT using the experimental mass attenuation coefficients and that of manufacture have showed very close to ash weight of animal trabecular bone.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Densidad Ósea , Cadáver , AguaRESUMEN
Serum estrogen levels and bone mineral contents were measured to study their changes during treatment of climacteric disorder with Kampo therapy.<br>Sixty-five patients who visited the outpatient department of climacteric hormones received either (1) estrogen, (2) Kampo therapy (Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to, Keishi-bukuryo-gan, or Tokaku-joki-to) or (3) a calcium preparation alone or only psychological therapy (no drug treatment), for six months. Group (3) was treated as the control. Serum E2 levels, bone mineral contents, and cortical bone width index, etc., were determined before and after treatment.<br>In patients treated with Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to, blood E2 levels increased. In patients treated with Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to or Tokaku-joki-to, reductions in bone mineral content and the cortical bone width index were suppressed. We therefore concluded that Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to is effective in preventing osteoporosis. This study also suggests that a combination of Kampo therapy and a calcium preparation may be highly beneficial in preventing menopausal osteoporosis.