Mano: um ensaio sobre o amor fraterno / Mano: An essay on fraternal love / "Mano": un ensayo sobre el amor fraterno

O artigo considera o aspecto positivo do arquétipo do irmão, assim como o laço de fraternidade entre as pessoas. No homem, o arquétipo se constela na parceria e na cooperação e como símbolo do Self. Na mulher, ele é vivido, externamente, num relacionamento de apoio e de amor e, internamente, pela força propulsora de seu animus. Culturalmente, a fraternidade e a cooperação são essenciais para se opor à destrutividade imperante.

The article considers the positive aspect of the Brother archetype, as well as the fraternal bond. In a man, this archetype manifests as partnership, cooperation, and stimulus to spirituality. In a woman, the Brother archetype is experienced externally through a relationship of loving support and internally through the propelling force of the animus. Culturally, fraternity and cooperation are essential to oppose the prevailing destructiveness.

El artículo considera el aspecto positivo del arquetipo del hermano, así como el vínculo de fraternidad entre las personas. En el hombre, el arquetipo está constelado en la asociación y en la cooperación y como símbolo del Self. En la mujer se vive exteriormente en una relación de apoyo y de amor e interiormente por la fuerza motriz de su animus. Culturalmente, la fraternidad y la cooperación son esenciales para oponerse a la destructividad imperante.

Torna-se irmão: o imaginário da criança frente a gravidez materna e a chegada de um irmão / Becoming a brother: the imagination of a child facing maternal pregnancy and the arrival of a brother / Convertirse en hermano: el imaginario del niño frente al embarazo materno y la llegada de un hermano

A fratria, apesar de estar presente em grande parte das famílias, é um tema pouco estudado, principalmente quando se trata da relação entre irmãos. O "tornar-se irmão" provoca muitas mudanças nas relações familiares, até mesmo durante a gestação da mulher, que são sentidas principalmente pela criança que se tornará primogênita. Esta pesquisa buscou compreender 1- Como o filho primogênito percebe a segunda gravidez da mãe e a chegada de um irmão; 2- Quais as fantasias e sentimentos que surgem no primogênito em relação ao irmão que está sendo gestado. Tendo como referencial a teoria psicanalítica, e tendo como participante a criança, as informações foram colhidas através da aplicação dos instrumentos projetivos "Teste do Desenho da Família" e "Teste Desenho-Estória" em três filhos primogênitos de mães gestantes. Observou-se através da pesquisa que o nascimento de um irmão provoca grande impacto na vida do primogênito, gerando ansiedade e conflitos de sentimentos em relação à sua família. Os conteúdos despertados em cada criança a partir desse tema são singulares, porém evidentes, de modo que em cada criança são manifestados de formas diferentes. Os resultados oferecem subsídios para que pais, familiares e profissionais possam auxiliar a criança a atravessar essa fase de uma forma elaborada, beneficiando também aqueles que a rodeiam.

The fratria, brotherhood, although present in most families, is a subject that is very little studied, especially when it comes to the relationship between siblings. Becoming a brother generates many changes in family relationships, even during pregnancy, which are felt mainly by the child who is to become the firstborn. This research sought to understand 1- How the eldest son perceives the second pregnancy of the mother and the arrival of a brother; 2- What fantasies and feelings arise in the firstborn relative to the brother who is being gestated. Based in the psychoanalytic theory, and with the child as a participant, the information was collected through the application of the projective instruments "Family Drawing Test" and "Drawing-Story Test" in three first-born children of pregnant mothers. Research showed that the birth of a brother causes great impact in the life of the firstborn, generating anxiety and conflicts of feelings in relation to his family. The contents aroused in each child from this theme are singular but evident, so that in each child they are manifested in different ways. The results provide support for parents, family members and professionals to help the child through this stage in a sophisticated way, benefiting those around him.

La fratría, a pesar de estar presente en gran parte de las familias, es un tema poco estudiado, principalmente cuando se trata de la relación entre hermanos. El "convertirse en hermano" provoca muchos cambios en las relaciones familiares incluso durante la gestación de la mujer pueden ser sentidas, principalmente, por el niño que se volverá primogénito. Esta investigación buscó comprender 1- ¿cómo el hijo primogénito percibe el segundo embarazo de su madre y la llegada de un hermano?; 2- ¿Cuáles son las fantasías y sentimientos que surgen en el primogénito en relación al hermano que está siendo gestado? Teniendo como referencial la teoría psicoanalítica, y teniendo como partici- pante al niño, las informaciones fueron recolectadas a través de la aplicación de los instrumentos proyectivos "Prueba del Diseño de la Familia" y "Prueba Dibujo-Estatura" en tres hijos primogénitos de madres gestantes. Se observó a través de la investigación que el nacimiento de un hermano provoca gran impacto en la vida del primogénito, generando ansiedad y conflictos de sentimientos en relación a su familia. Los contenidos despertados en cada niño a partir de ese tema son singulares, pero evidentes, de modo que en cada niño se manifiestan de formas diferentes. Los resultados ofrecen subsidios para que padres, familiares y profesionales puedan ayudar al niño a atravesar esa fase de una forma elaborada, beneficiando también a aquellos que lo rodean.

A fratura da função fraterna / The fracture of the fraternal function / La fractura de la función fraternal

A autora narra a análise de três irmãs, no crepúsculo de suas vidas, desafio que empreendeu, transitando numa configuração singular, inspirada por um artigo de Joel Birman, "Insuficientes, um esforço a mais para sermos irmãos" (2000).

The author describes the psychoanalysis of three sisters in the sunset of their lives. The author undertook this challenge, going through a singular configuration, inspired by Joel Birman's article, "Being insufficient, our extra effort to be brothers" (2000).

La autora narra el análisis conjunto de tres hermanas, en el crepúsculo de sus vidas, desafío que emprendió, transitando por una configuración singular, inspirada por un artículo de Joel Birman, "Insuficientes, un esfuerzo más para que seamos hermanos" (2000).

C. G. Jung, S. Freud e o estranho E. T. A. Hoffmann / C. G. Jung, S. Freud and the uncanny ETA Hoffmann

O artigo tem como objetivo destacar a importância de um escritor, E. T. A. Hoffmann, e de um obra, seu romance Os Elixires do Diabo, na obra de Jung. O texto parte de cartas entre Freud e Jung, tendo como ponto de intersecção Hoffmann, seu romance e o tema do irmão sinistro que gerou repercussões teóricas em ambos, como já foi brilhantemente demonstrado por John Kerr. Em Freud, o resultado foi um artigo, "O Estranho" (Das Unheimliche), de 1919; em Jung, objetivamente o conceito de sombra e o que ele chamou de sua "teologia": a ideia de que os conflitos entre o mundo material e o espiritual estão presentes nos fundamentos da psique. O texto propõe que essa discussão iniciada nas cartas reaparece anos depois e de forma subliminar, não nomeada no artigo de Freud, no qual ele rechaça mais uma vez a ideia de inconsciente coletivo, sem entretanto nomeá-lo. Jung tornou-se, para Freud, o oculto por excelência, ou "aquele que não pode ser nomeado". Conclui, ainda, que o romance Os Elixires do Diabo e a discussão sobre a temática dos irmãos e do duplo propiciada pela impactante leitura estimularam Jung a desenvolver a ideia de memória arcaica e memoria filogenética, precursora do conceito de inconsciente coletivo e que, em contrapartida, esse conceito permite à psicologia analítica e à análise literária comparada uma leitura mais rica e abrangente da obra de E. T. A. Hoffmann

The paper aims to highlight the importance of a writer, ETA Hoffmann, and a work, his novel The Devil's Elixirs on Jung's work. For such we examine the correspondence between Freud and Jung, having Hoffmann, his novel and the theme of the sinister brother as an intersection that have theoretical repercussions on both as John Kerr brilliantly demonstrated. The result for Freud was the paper "The Uncanny" (Das Unheimliche), 1919. For Jung, it was objectively the concept os shadow and what he called his "theology": the idea that the conflict between material and spiritual worlds is present in the fundaments of the psyche. The paper proposes that this discussion thar started on letters reappears years later and subliminally not named in Freud's paper, where he once again rejects the idea of collective unconscious, but not naming it. Jung has become for Freud the hidden par excellence, or "one who can not be named". It also concludes that the novel Devil's Elixirs and the discussion on the theme of brothers and double encouraged Jung to develop the idea of archaic memory and phylogenetic memory, forerunner of the concept of the collective unconscious, and that, by contrast, this concept allows analytical psychology and literary analysis a richer and more comprehensive reading of ETA Hoffmann's work

Expression of the Brother of the Regulator of Imprinted Sites Gene in the Sputum of Patients with Lung Cancer

BACKGROUND: Brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS) is a putative new oncogene that is classified as a cancer germline gene; however, its role in the development of cancer is unclear. This study investigated the expression of BORIS in lung cancer and its clinical implications. METHODS: The expression of BORIS messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in the sputum of 100 patients with lung cancer (50 with squamous cell carcinoma, 36 with adenocarcinoma, and 14 with small-cell carcinoma) was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The overall expression rate of BORIS in patients with lung cancer was 36.0%: 19 of 50 squamous cell carcinomas (38.0%), 13 of 36 adenocarcinomas (36.1%), and 4 of 14 (28.6%) small-cell carcinomas. There was no significant difference in the BORIS expression according to age, gender, or histologic type. However, the mRNA expression of BORIS was significantly related to the pathologic cancer stage (p=0.004) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.001). The expression of the melanoma antigen gene family A1-6 was not associated with the expression of BORIS. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the expression of BORIS might be a negative prognostic factor in lung cancers and implicate BORIS as a molecular target for immunotherapy.

Two Cases of Leigh Disease in Siblings

Leigh disease is a familial and degenerative disorder characterized by focal, bilateral, and usually symmetric lesions of the both gray and white matter in the brain and the spinal cord. The clinical course is variable, but in most cases, the prognosis is poor with subacute progression leading to death within months or years of life. The pathogenesis was known as mitochondrial enzyme defects of the respiratory chain system. We experienced 2 cases of Leigh diseases in a brother and sister. The brother had general weakness at 43 months of life and the sister had ataxic gait and tachypnea at 34 months of life. Their MRI revealed low signal intensity in the midbrain and pons at T1 weighted imaging. They died at 43 months and 41 months of life, respectively. We report these cases with a brief review of the related literature.

A Case of Rh Negative Brother and Sister, Both of Whose Parents Were Rh Positive / 대한수혈학회지

The authors have experienced a case of Rh negative brother and sister, both of whose parents were Rh positive. On the testing by five major Rh antisera (anti D, anti C, anti E, anti c, and anti e), the phenotypes of his father and mother were each DccEe and DCCee, those of the brother and sister were ddCcee. Considering the possible genotypes, their genotype was only one Cde/cde in twenty-four combinations. The possibility of that Rh negative (Cde/cde) child could successively born by those parents was 0.00017, with reference to Rh haplotype frequency in Korea. So, this case is rare and showed that Rh negative child could be born by Rh positive parents.

Two cases of Gaucher's disease in brothers

We experienced two cases of Gaucher's disease of adult type in brother aged four years and two years. The patients showed hepatosplenomegaly with anemia and thrombocytopenia. Typical Gaucher cells were found in bone marrow and biopsy specimens of liver and spleen through light and electron microscopic examination. Splenectomy was followed by improvement of anemia and thrombocytopenia. A brief review of literature was made.

A case Rh negative brother and sister, both of whose parents were Rh positive

No abstract available.