Multimedia. Cirugía bucal. Generalidades / Multimedia. Bucal surgery. Generalities

Constituye un reto sincronizar el proceso docente educativo con el trabajo asistencial en la educación médica superior.La creación de materiales didácticos en formato electrónico permite el desarrollo de proyectos y experiencias innovadoras, que facilita el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, sin violar los principios bioéticos. El trabajo consiste en un proyecto de Multimedia como medio de enseñanza que facilite al estudiante de Estomatología la información necesaria para el aprendizaje de la Cirugía Bucal. La confección de esta multimedia tuvo como finalidad proporcionar un material educativo didáctico de consulta y de apoyo a la docencia con una metodología de enseñanza más flexible, que le permita al estudiante optimizar el tiempo de que dispone para la formación de las habilidades quirúrgicas, imprescindibles, antes de ejercer las complejas técnicas en el paciente. Se revisaron los programas de esta asignatura y de acuerdo a los objetivos se seleccionaron los temas necesarios, incluyendo algunos que ya el estudiante debe tener vencidos y que no se dispone del tiempo para reafirmarlos, pero son imprescindibles para la base teórico-práctica de la asignatura. Se diseñó una estructura bien organizada metodológicamente escogiendo las formas de enseñanzas y las imágenes adecuadas. Esta estructura se insertó en una plataforma apropiada para su mejor realización y comprensión. La digitalización se hizo mediante escáner o por descarga desde los sitios Web; en otros casos, como sucedió con la mayoría de las imágenes, se fotografiaron imágenes de radiografías u otros gráficos y/o se diseñaron, editaron u optimizaron con herramientas profesionales. Los medios se organizaron y compilaron con la aplicación Crheasoft, para obtener una obra Multimedia auto ejecutable soportada(AU)

It constitutes a challenge to synchronize the teaching educational process with the clinic work in the superior medical education. The creation of didactic materials in electronic format allows the development of projects and innovative experiences that facilitates the teaching-learning process, without violating bioethical principles. The work consists on a Multimedia project as a teaching medium that facilitates the necessary information for the learning of the Buccal Surgery to the Stomatology student. The making of this multimedia had as purpose to provide an educational didactic material of consultation and of support to the teaching with a methodology of a more flexible teaching that allows the student to optimize the time that they dispose for the formation of the surgical indispensable abilities, before exercising the complex technics in a patient. The programs of this subject were revised and according to the objectives the necessary topics were selected, including some that the student should already have conquered and that doesn't have the time to reaffirm them, but are indispensable for the theoretical-practical base of the subject. A very methodologically organized structure was designed choosing the forms of teachings and the appropriate images. This structure was inserted in an appropriate platform for its best realization and understanding. The digitization was done by means of scanner or by downloading from the internet; in other cases, like it happened to most of the images, images of x-rays or other graphics were photographed and/or they were designed, edited or optimized with professional tools. The medium were organized and compiled with the application Crheasoft, to obtain a supported Multimedia autoexecutable(AU)

Autotrasplante dental: revisión de la literatura y presentación de dos casos / Autogenous tooth transplantation: a review of the literature and report of two cases

El autotrasplante dental se define como el traslado de un diente de su alveolo a un alveolo post-extracción o alveolo confeccionado quirúrgicamente, en la misma persona. Actualmente siguiendo los criterios de selección adecuados así como una técnica quirúrgica minuciosa puede resultar una alternativa terapéutica ideal en ciertos pacientes. Las tasas de éxito han aumentado con el tiempo alcanzando cifras mayores al90%. En el presente artículo se reportan dos casos de éxito de autotransplantesdentales y se revisan las indicaciones, contraindicaciones y criterios de éxito de los mismos.

Autogenous tooth transplantation is defined as the movement of a tooth from its socket to a post-extraction or surgically created socketin the same individual. Today, by following appropriate selection criteria and a refi ned surgical technique, this procedure can prove tobe an ideal therapeutic alternative in certain patients. Success rateshave increased over time, reaching as high as 90%. In this article, wepresent two cases of successful autogenous tooth transplantation and a review of the indications, contraindications, and success criteria associated with these.

Ortodontia osteogênica acelerada periodontalmente: a contribuição da Periodontia na movimentação ortodôntica / Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics: the contribution of periodontics in orthodontic movement

A técnica de corticotomia existe há anos e é indicada nos casos em que se deseja acelerar a movimentação ortodôntica ou evitar uma cirurgia ortognática. O presente estudo teve por objetivo rever a perspectiva histórica da abordagem terapêutica da corticotomia, por meio da revisão da literatura de casos clínicos, suas principais indicações e discutir os fundamentos biológicos que justificam sua utilização. Hoje, a técnica sofreu modificações e é chamada de Ortodontia osteogênica periodontalmente acelerada, e está ganhando popularidade entre os pacientes e os cirurgiões-dentistas por conta do curto tempo de tratamento e maior possibilidade de sucessos. O planejamento do tratamento pode ser um desafio para os casos difíceis e talvez exigir um conjunto diferente de parâmetros para realizar todo o potencial desta técnica. Muitas vezes, pode tornar mais prático o tratamento das más-oclusões dentárias graves, reduzindo de um terço a um quarto o tempo de tratamento necessário. Além disso, a associação de enxertos ósseos no momento da cirurgia corrige deiscências e fenestrações preexistentes quando há uma superfície de raiz vital. Esta técnica pertence a uma área de especialidade na qual ambos, ortodontistas e periodontistas, podem trabalhar juntos desde o diagnóstico até o tratamento e contenção. Pôde-se concluir que a aplicação da técnica é viável, traz bons resultados estéticos com um tratamento ortodôntico mais acelerado e, muitas vezes, substitui a cirurgia ortognática.

Corticotomy has been used for years and is indicated in cases where there is a need to accelerate the orthodontic movement or to avoid an orthognathic surgery. This study aimed at reviewing the historical perspective of the therapeutic approach of corticotomy. A thorough literature review of clinical cases, the main indications, and the biological aspect of the technique were discussed. The technique has been modifi ed and today it is called periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics, gaining popularity among patients and dentists due to the short treatment time and good prognosis. The treatment plan can be challenging for difficult cases and may require a different set of parameters to obtain the full potential of this technique. Many times it may render the treatment of severe malocclusions more practical by reducing from one-third to one-fourth the required treatment time. Furthermore, the adition of bone grafts at the time of surgery corrects preexisting dehiscence and fenestrations when there is a vital root surface. This technique belongs to a specialty area in which both orthodontists and periodontists can work together from diagnosis to treatment. It can be concluded that the application of the technique is feasible, as it brings good aesthetic results with a faster orthodontic treatment and quite often replaces the orthognathic surgery.

Granuloma telangiectásico en cavidad oral / Telangiecticum granuloma in oral cavity

El granuloma telangiectásico se considera como una lesión benigna no neoplásica de la mucosa gingival de tipo reactivo asociado a trauma. Durante varios años tuvo diferentes nombres dentro de los que destacan granuloma piógeno del embarazo o gravídico, hemangioma capilar lobular y épulis. Histológicamente se caracteriza por una proliferación vascular, infiltrado inflamatorio crónico y tejido de granulación. El objetivo del presente caso es describir las características clínicas e histológicas de un granuloma telangiectásico en cavidad oral y su plan de tratamiento. Llega a consulta paciente femenina de 50 años de edad, refiere presentar sangrado gingival en repetidas ocasiones en zona posterior de la arcada dentaria superior, durante el cepillado o con el consumo de algunos alimentos. Clínicamente se observa prótesis provisional desadaptada en órganos dentarios 11 al 15. Al retirar la prótesis es notorio un aumento de volumen en la encía interdental, con aspecto eritematoso, que sangra con facilidad. El reporte de anatomía patológica mostró una lesión con engrosamiento del epitelio escamoso, formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos e infiltrado inflamatorio crónico. Diagnosticado como granuloma telangiectásico. La lesión fue eliminada quirúrgicamente por alargamiento coronal con reducción ósea. Ocho días después de la cirugía se evidencia proceso de cicatrización sin ninguna complicación. La lesión presentó recidiva transcurrido seis meses. Ello nos lleva a destacar la importancia del control de factores locales, como la presencia de prótesis desadaptadas y el acúmulo de placa bacteriana luego de la eliminación quirúrgica de este tipo de lesiones(AU)

Telangiectatic granuloma is a non-neoplastic benign lesion of the gingival mucosa, reactive type, associated with trauma. For several years, it had different names among which we can mention the pyogenic granuloma gravidarum occurring during pregnancy, the lobular capillary hemangioma and the epulis. Histologically, it is characterized by a vascular proliferation, chronic inflammatory infiltrate and granulation tissue. The aim of this case is to describe the clinical and histological characteristics of the telangiectatic granuloma of the oral cavity and its treatment plan. A 50-year-old female patient comes to the consultation reporting repeated gingival bleeding on the posterior area of the upper dental arch when brushing or consuming some food. Clinically, unadjusted provisional prosthesis was observed in the dental organs from 11 to 15. After removing the prosthesis, an increase in the volume of the interdental gum of erythematous type which bleeds easily was obvious. The pathologic report showed a lesion with swelling of the flaky epithelium, formation of new blood vessels and chronic inflammatory infiltrate. The diagnosis was telangiectatic granuloma. The lesion was surgically removed by crown lengthening with osseous reduction. Eight days after surgery, a healing process without complications was seen. 6 months later, the lesion relapsed. This fact leads us to outline the importance of the control of local factors, such as the presence of unadjusted prosthesis and the accumulation of dental plaque after the surgical removal of this type of lesions(AU)