Dolor en el trauma térmico / Pain in thermal trauma

La máxima agresión física que puede sufrir un ser humano son las quemaduras. Actualmente, en Chile se hospitalizan alrededor de 9.000 personas al año por quemaduras, con una tasa de mortalidad que ha ido en disminución en los últimos 20 años, por lo tanto la cantidad de pacientes sobrevivientes va en aumento. La IASP (Internacional Association for Study of Pain) definió el dolor en quemados como: "un dolor agudo y grave, que se produce al sufrir una quemadura y luego continuo con exacerbaciones que declinan gradualmente". El dolor en el trauma térmico está siempre presente, es de intensidad severa y prolongada en el tiempo, con una alta prevalencia de dolor crónico. Se sabe que el aumento en la intensidad se debe a que las quemaduras dañan gran cantidad de nociceptores, produciéndose una amplificación de la respuesta al dolor. Los opioides son el principal pilar en el tratamiento farmacológico. Es fundamental el buen manejo del dolor, para evitar el dolor patológico que aumentará el dolor crónico y con ello el desmedro de la vida personal de nuestros pacientes. Desafortunadamente el subtratamiento es una realidad, produciendo directamente un retraso en la recuperación de sus quemaduras y en la inserción social y laboral.

Burns are the greatest physical aggression that a human being can experience. In Chile, approximately 9000 patients are hospitalized annually due to burns, with a mortality rate that has decreased progressively in the last 20 years, which means that the amount of survivors is increasing. The IASP (International Association for Study of Pain) has defined pain in the burn patient as "an acute and severe pain produced by a burn that later continues with exacerbations that gradually decline". Pain in thermal trauna is always present, of severe intensity and prolonged in time, with a high prevalence of chronic pain. It is Known that the increase in intensity of pain is due to the damage of a great number of nociceptors, that produces an amplification of the response to pain. Opioids are the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment. Appropriate management of pain is fundamental to avoid pathologic pain that will increase the chronic pain and deteriorate the quality of life of our patients. Unfortunately undertreatment is a reality, retarding the healing of the burn wound, and the social and workplace reintegration.

A Scalding Burn Resulting from Sitz Bath Long Enough after Epidural Block for Vaginal Delivery: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

Epidural block is one of the most effective methods of intrapartum pain relief in current practice. This is a case of a scalding burn resulting from a sitz bath long enough after epidural block for vaginal delivery. The patient received 7 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine mixed with 1 : 300,000 epinephrine and fentanyl 50 microgram for epidural block. Following delivery, the patient started complaining of voiding difficulty without any motor weakness 6 hours after the epidural block occured. At that time, the patient did not feel any hot or pain sensations during the 15 minutes of unintentional hot water application for sitz bath. Consequently, an approximately 5~10% superficial second degree burn developed on her perineal and inner thigh region.