Histopathological study of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE)

@#Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare tumour that mainly arises from the thyroid gland, or occasionally, from the head and neck. Although the 10-year survival rate of patients with CASTLE is approximately 80%, local recurrence and distant metastasis are observed in some cases. A recent systematic review for CASTLE indicated that the prognostic factors are treatment-dependent, and postoperative radiotherapy significantly improves patient survival. Case Report: Herein, we describe and compare three cases of CASTLE, including a case with distant metastasis despite administering postoperative chemotherapy. Thus, the mechanisms underlying metastasis of CASTLE are unclear. This case study helps to elucidate the histopathological risk factors of metastasis in CASTLE. Discussion: We found that prominent lymphovascular invasion and higher proliferative activities might be risk factors of metastasis in CASTLE. In addition, we have summarised the cytological, morphological, and immunohistochemical features of CASTLE for an accurate diagnosis.

Lo mejor del Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología 2017 / The best of the Congress of the European Society of Cardiology 2017

A pesar de la tragedia que el último atentado terrorista provocó en las ramblas de Barcelona, la comunidad cardiológica catalana tuvo que reponerse rápidamente para ser anfitriona del mayor evento cardiovascular de Europa: el ESC CONGRESS 2017. Del 26 al 30 de agosto, en decenas de mesas redondas, más de 31.000 cardiólogos de todo el mundo se reunieron para actualizar sus conocimientos e intercambiar novedades en ciencia, innovación e investigación en cardiología en más de 500 sesiones y más de 4.500 presentaciones de abstracts (1). Se presentaron nuevas guías para el manejo del infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad valvular, enfermedad arterial periférica y recomendaciones para el uso de terapia antiplaquetaria dual. Se celebraron los 40 años de la intervención coronaria percutánea (PCI), realizada por Andreas Grüntzig por primera vez el 16 de setiembre de 1977(1). Realizaremos un breve resumen de algunos de los principales trabajos científicos presentados durante este evento que sin duda tendrán un impacto en nuestra práctica clínica diaria. - Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study: CANTOS. - Global Anticoagulant Registry in the Field-Atrial Fibrillation (Registro Global de Anticoagulantes en el Campo de la Fibrilación Auricular): GARFIELD-AF. - Catheter ablation versus standard conventional treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: CASTLE-AF. - Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS (COMPASS) trial: Primary Results

Despite the last terrorist attack tragedy at La Rambla in Barcelona, Catalonian cardiologic community had to quickly recover from the episode to host the major European cardiovascular event: the ESC CONGRESS 2017. From august 26th to 30th, more than 31.000 cardiologists from all over the world met to update their knowledge and share the state of the art science, innovation and cardiologic investigation in more than 500 sessions and more than 4.500 abstracts presentations. New guidelines for the management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and recommendations on dual antiplatelet therapy were presented. Fourty years of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), performed for the first time by Andreas Grüntzig on September 16th, 1977, was celebrated. We will expose a brief summary of some of the main scientific works presented at the congress which will undoubtedly have an impact on our daily clinical practice. - Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study: CANTOS. - Global Anticoagulant Registry in the Field-Atrial Fibrillation: GARFIELD-AF. - Catheter ablation versus standard conventional treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: CASTLE-AF. - Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS (COMPASS) trial: Primary Results

Carcinoma Showing Thymus-like Differentiation (CASTLE) with Non-Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: A Case Report / 대한갑상선학회지

Carcinoma showing thymus-like element (CASTLE) is a very rare malignant neoplasm in the lower portion of the thyroid gland or soft tissue of the neck. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is the most frequent site of CASTLE. Non-RLN is also a rare anomaly. Both CASTLE and non-RLN are risk factors for vocal cord paralysis. In this report, the authors describe a 73-year-old patients diagnosed with CASTLE and non-RLN. During total thyroidectomy, one RLN was sacrificed inevitably because of tumor invasion, while the other non-RLN was successfully saved, which was expected based on preoperative computed tomography (CT). If the diagnosis is uncertain, CT should be checked to prevent unexpected risks.

Evaluation of immunogenic potential of 75kDa and 56kDa proteins of newcastle disease virus (NDV).

The R2B strain of virus of new castle disease virus (NDV) was propagated in 9-11 day old embryonated chicken eggs via allantoic cavity route and after seven serial passages virus was purified from allantoic fluid. Purified virus was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which yielded six major polypeptides ranging from 38-200 kDa. Protein fractions, corresponding to 75 and 56kDa, resembling haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins were used to ascertain their immunization potential. Immunization of viral proteins was compared with the whole virus vaccine. Among different group of birds, highest haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titers were obtained in birds immunized with whole virus vaccine followed by viral proteins, 75 and 56kDa in combination which was comparable with birds immunized with 56kDa protein alone. Despite lower values of HI and ELISA titers elicited by viral subunits in immunized birds, when challenged with virulent NDV strain, protection accorded by viral proteins in combination (75 +56kDa) or 56kDa alone was comparable with whole virus vaccine.

Carcinoma da tireóide com diferenciação semelhante a timo (CASTLE): relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Thyroid carcinoma with thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE): case report and review of the literature

O carcinoma com diferenciação semelhante a timo (CASTLE) é uma neoplasia epitelial maligna rara, que surge nos tecidos moles do pescoço ou na glândula tireóide. O diagnóstico diferencial deve ser estabelecido com carcinoma pavimento-celular primário ou secundário da cabeça e do pescoço ou da tireóide, visto que têm prognósticos distintos. A imunorreatividade para CD5 pode ser útil no diagnóstico de CASTLE. O CASTLE possui elevada taxa de recidiva local, apesar de o seu curso clínico indolente, ao contrário das neoplasias previamente referidas, que têm um prognóstico muito reservado, dada a elevada taxa de disseminação sistêmica. O tratamento inclui excisão cirúrgica e radioterapia. A quimioterapia também tem sido realizada, apesar de até a presente data não existir evidência clara da sua eficácia. Relata-se caso de doente de sexo masculino, com 52 anos, que surge com tosse seca, disfonia e massa da tireóide, que foi submetido à tireoidectomia. O exame anatomopatológico da peça operatória permitiu o diagnóstico de CASTLE. O doente efetuou radioterapia e quimioterapia e obteve resposta mínima. Pretende-se discutir o diagnóstico anatomopatológico diferencial e a abordagem terapêutica mais adequada de uma patologia com prognóstico favorável, mas de natureza recidivante, que exige seguimento rigoroso a longo prazo.

Carcinoma with thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare malignant epithelial tumor wich arises on soft tissue of the neck or thyroid gland. It is important to differentiate CASTLE from primary or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, and from squamous cell thyroid carcinoma, because it has a different prognosis. CD5 immunoreactivity might be helpful in CASTLE diagnosis. CASTLE behaves generally in an indolent fashion, even though it has a high relapse rate, while the other have a dismal prognosis due its high dissemination rate. Treatment includes surgical excision and radiotherapy. Chemotherapy can be offered, although its efficacy is not clear. Authors present a case of a 52 year-old male that complaints with cough, disphony, asthenia, and thyroid mass. Thyroidectomy was performed and the pathology revealed a CASTLE. After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, minimal response was obtained. The authors intend to discuss the differential pathologic diagnosis and the best therapy of this indolent but recurrent neoplasm, that demands strict long term follow-up.

Synchronous Carcinoma Showing Thymus-like Elements (CASTLE) of the Thyroid Combined with Rectal Carcinoma: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature / 대한내분비외과학회지

Carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE) is a rare neoplasm arising from the thyroid gland. This tumor is thought to originate from ectopic thymic tissue or remnants related to thymic development in or adjacent to the thyroid gland and usually located in the lower two-thirds of the thyroid gland. The patient was a 66-year-old man admitted to our hospital with rectal carcinoma for surgery. He had undergone a right upper lobectomy of the lung for the pulmonary tuberculosis 35 years previously. He underwent a chest computed tomography (CT) pre-operatively, and an incidental nodule of the thyroid gland was detected. Based on aspiration cytology of the nodule, the lesion was suspected to be an anaplastic carcinoma. He underwent a low anterior resection and thyroid lobectomy for a double primary neoplasm. On the final pathologic examination, the thyroid lesion was shown to be CASTLE. Therefore, completion thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection of the central compartment and radiotherapy were performed, and there was no evidence of recurrence 15 months postoperatively.

Analysis of Most Recent Dream Content Korean Early Adolescents by Hall/Van de Castle System / 수면정신생리

OBJECTIVES: It has been known that the contents of dreams change according to neuro-developmental differences in sex, progression of age and various environments, unlike the established psychoanalytic theory. To investigate the changes, we collected "most recent dream report" and analyzed the contents of dreams by using Hall/Van de Castle System. METHOD: Most recent dream reports were gathered from age 12-14 years old, 2,673 middle school students (1,544 male 1,129 female) and analyzed those reports using Hall/Van de Castle System. The data were sorted in SAS and dream SAT. RESULT: There were prominent differences between male and female middle school students in Male/Female Percentage (male/female; 56%/35%), Familiarity Percentage (57%/69%), Aggression/Friendliness Percentage (79%/65%), Befriender Percentage (50%/33%), Physical Aggression Percentage (90%/70%), Indoor Setting Percentage (40%/55%), Negative Emotion Percentage (56%/68%) and Torso/Anatomy Percentage (51%/36%). There were significant differences in Male/Female Percentage (65%/44%), Friendliness, Physical Aggression and Self Negativity Percentage in male and there were significant differences in Friendliness, Familiarity and Friends Percent in female between 1st and 2nd grade. But, it showed much similar dream patterns between 2nd and 3rd grade in both gender. In male, Aggression/Character Index with male character is significantly increased by 2nd grade (1st/ 2nd/ 3rd; 0.48/1.04/0.98), In female, Friendliness/Character Index with male character had significantly decreased by 2nd grade (0.38/0.19/0.20). CONCLUSION: There were apparent differences between age 12-14 years old male and female. Male adolescents have differences mostly in categories related with aggression, but female adolescents have differences in categories related with environment or character. It shows that developmental level of male are slower than female as of yet and male needs more active interpersonal relationship to find identity. Otherwise, the influences of passive attitude and actual circumferential environment are reflected in female's dream. There are no prominent differences among ages, but age 12-13 years old adolescents shows significant differences in interacting with the other gender. It means that circumferential environment and interpersonal relationship affect the contents of dreams and also the cognitive development related to age and sex. Afterwards, the development of dreams could be better understood through the neurocognitive study and dream analysis between other ages and nations.

Dream Content Analysis of Koreans in Their Twenties Using Hall/Van de Castle System / 수면정신생리

OBJECTIVES: In the past, latent dreams were emphasized in the psychiatric field, but these days the interest in manifest dreams is increasing as ego psychology develops. Hall and Nordby proposed that there are similarities between manifest dreams and real life. The Hall/Van de Castle System is a method of dream content analysis, which considers both the quantitive and qualitive analytic aspects of manifest dreams. METHODS: The dreams of 232 males and females (M: F=127: 105; mean age=21.02.7) were collected through the Most Recent Dream Method. Collected data were analyzed using the Hall/Van de Castle System. RESULTS: Female subjects tended to be more detailed and meticulous in reporting their dreams. The dreams of male subjects showed a higher percentage in self-negativity (2=6.64, df=1, p=0.004), and the dreams of female subjects showed a higher percentage in group character (2=6.64, df=1, p=0.0099), dreamer-involved success (2=3.12, df=1, p=0.048), and good fortune (2=4.52, df=1, p=0.034). CONCLUSION: This study suggests the norm of dream content of Korean college students, and it presents the differences between Korean males and females, and between Korean college students and American college students. This study may contribute to further studies on dream content analysis.

Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation (CASTLE) of the Thyroid Gland: A case report

Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare tumor, which occurs in the thyroid gland and surrounding soft tissue, or soft tissue of the neck. It is thought to originate from ectopic thymus or branchial pouch remnants. We report a case of CASTLE of the thyroid gland in a 42-year-old woman. Grossly, a nodular, partly well demarcated, grayish yellow, 3.0 2.0 cm sized, solid mass was found in the right thyroid gland. Microscopically, the tumor was divided into lobules of variable size and shape, nests and cords with thin and thick fibrous septa which were infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. The tumor cells were large, polygonal and had vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some cells, especially in the central portion of the nests had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and showed squamoid feature.

Experimental Study on TNF-a Gene Expression and Anti-Pulmonary Metastases of Macrophages Activated by New Castle Disease Virus / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

The activating effect of NDV-L on murine PEM? in vitro and the anti-metastatic effect of NDV-L-PEM? in vitro against B16 melonoma were investigated. The results showed that NDV-L could not only activate murine PEM? morphologically , but also enhance the TNF-? gene expression. If the activated NDV-L PEM? were adoptively transferred in the B16 melanoma bearing mice, significant inhibiting effect against pulmonary metastases could be exhibited.