Antigen sparing with influenza virus vaccine formulated with crude polysaccharides from Cistanche deserticola Y. C.Ma adjuvant / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the antigen-sparing effects of crude polysaccharides from Cistanche deserticola Y. C.Ma (CPCD) for influenza virus vaccine (IVV). Methods:ICR mice were immunized subcutaneously with CPCD combined with different doses of IVV (0.01 μg and 0.1 μg). Hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) assay was used to detect HI titers in serum samples. Indirect ELISA was performed to detect the levels of specific IgG antibodies and their subtypes in serum samples. The proliferation of splenic lymphocytes was detected by MTT assay. The percentages of CD4 + , CD8 + and CD44 + T cells and the levels of IFN-γ in splenic cells isolated from the vaccinated mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results:CPCD significantly increased HI titers (234.67±47.70 vs 149.33±47.70, P<0.05), promoted the production of IgG ( A450 value: 1.16±0.63 vs 0.30±0.21, P<0.05) and IgG1 ( A450 value: 1.09±0.60 vs 0.26±0.21, P<0.05) and enhanced splenic lymphocyte proliferation ( P<0.05). CPCD also significantly up-regulated the expression of CD4 + [(41.97±4.58)% vs (25.43±1.48)%, P<0.05], CD8 + [(12.67±0.33)% vs (9.02±1.07)%, P<0.05], CD4 + CD44 + [(11.77±0.69)% vs (8.64±0.71)%, P<0.05] and CD8 + CD44 + [(6.70±0.67)% vs (4.66±0.39)%, P<0.05] T cell subsets as well as the secretion of IFN-γ in CD4 + [(1.36±0.07)% vs (0.87±0.06)%, P<0.05] and CD8 + [(2.09±0.20)% vs (1.42±0.08)%, P<0.05] T cells. In addition, there was no significant difference between CPCD combined with low-dose IVV group and high-dose IVV alone group ( P>0.05), implying a 10-fold antigen sparing. Conclusions:CPCD, as an adjuvant for influenza virus vaccine, could enhance humoral and cellular immune responses and reduce antigen dose, which might be a potential adjuvant for seasonal or pandemic influenza vaccines.

First karyotype report on Colocasia oresbia: a comparative cytogenetic study between two varieties / Primer reporte del cariotipo de Colocasia oresbia: un estudio citogenético comparativo entre dos variedades

ABSTRACT Karyotypes of two Colocasia oresbia botanical varieties from Bangladesh were analyzed and compared with orcein, chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4´-6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Both varieties had 2n=2x=26 chromosomes (karyotypic formula: 20m+6sm) and a pair of satellites each. Total chromosome length was 144.18 ± 2.45 μm in C. oresbia var. oresbia and 133.02 ± 2.75 μm in C. oresbia var. stolonifera. The karyotype of Colocasia oresbia var. oresbia is 2A whereas that of C. oresbia var. stolonifera is 1A. Six CMA and four DAPI bands were observed in C. oresbia var. oresbia and eight CMA and six DAPI bands in C. oresbia var. stolonifera. However, in these two morphologically distinct C. oresbia varieties of two different ecological zones, the same somatic chromosome number, diversification in various karyotypic parameters and CMA/DAPI-banding patterns were observed. In addition to taxonomic characters, the studied karyotype features will contribute to the characterization of these two C. oresbia varieties and to establish a base for future research.

RESUMEN Se analizaron y compararon los cariotipos de dos variedades botánicas de Colocasia oresbia de Bangladesh con orceína, chromomicina A3 (CMA) y 4-6 diamidino-2-phenilindol (DAPI). Ambas variedades presentaron 2n=2x=26 cromosomas (fórmula cariotípica: 20m+6sm) y un par de satélites cada una. La longitud total de cromosomas fue 144,18 ± 2,45 μm en C. oresbia var. oresbia y 133.02 ± 2.75 μm en C. oresbia var. stolonifera. El cariotipo de Colocasia oresbia var. oresbia es 2ª, y 1ª el de C. oresbia var. stolonifera. Se observaron seis bandas CMA y cuatro DAPI en C. oresbia var. oresbia y ocho bandas CMA y seis DAPI en C. oresbia var. stolonifera. Sin embargo, en estas dos variedades morfológicamente distintivas de C. oresbia de dos zonas ecológicas diferentes se observó el mismo número cromosómico somático, diversificación en varios parámetros cariotípicos y en patrones de bandeo CMA/DAPI. En adición a los caracteres taxonómicos, las características de los cariotipos estudiados contribuirán a la caracterización de estas dos variedades de C. oresbia y a establecer una base para futuras investigaciones.

Effects of chaperone-mediated autophagy on the level of α-synuclein oligomers in Parkinson's disease cell model / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To investigate the effects of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) on α-synuclein oligomers level in the Parkinson's disease (PD) cell model with impaired ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). Methods • The PD cell model was established by adding the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin in the SK-N-SH cell line stably transfected with wild type α-synuclein. The levels of α-synuclein oligomers, lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A) and 70 kDa heat shock homologous protein (HSC70) were detected using Western blotting. CMA function was inhibited with LAMP2A siRNA, and its effects on α-synuclein oligomers and cell viability were detected. Furthermore, the interaction of LAMP2A with α-synuclein oligomers was detected by immunoprecipitation. Results • In the PD cell model, the levels of α-synuclein oligomers, and CMA related proteins, i.e. LAMP2A and HSC70, were increased. Inhibiting the expression of LAMP2A further increased α-synuclein oligomers level, while it decreased cell viability. Furthermore, LAMP2A could interact with α-synuclein oligomers. Conclusion • In the PD cell model, CMA is one of the pathways regulating α-synuclein oligomers level. Inhibiting CMA function can further increase the α-synuclein oligomers level and deteriorate cell survival.

Study of clinical outcome and prognosis in pediatric core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical outcome and the prognostic factor in pediatric patients with core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML). Methods: A total of 121 newly diagnosed pediatric CBF-AML patients enrolled from Aug. 2005 to Sep. 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic factors were evaluated by Cox regression with SPSS. Results: Of the 121 patients, 120 patients were assessed for bone marrow remission after induction chemotherapy. 100 cases (83.3%) achieved complete remission (CR) after the first course of chemotherapy. 119 cases (99.2%) achieved CR after the second course of chemotherapy. Of the 121 patients, 13 patients (10.7%) had recurrence with the median interval of recurrence as 13.8 months (3.7 to 58.8 months). 17 patients (14.0%) died. The CIR, EFS and OS at 3 years were 12.7%, 77.5% and 82.8%, respectively. The factors including age at diagnosis, sex, initial WBC count, presence of extramedullary leukemia, C-KIT expression, additional chromosomal abnormalities, and CR after the first course of chemotherapy were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis of Cox. Multivariate analysis identified that additional chromosomal abnormalities was the only independent risk factor affecting OS (HR=4.289, 95%CI 1.070-17.183, P=0.040). Conclusions: Pediatric CBF-AML was a unique setting of prognostic subtypes. Chemotherapy produced good responses. Additional chromosomal abnormalities was the only independent risk factor for OS in pediatric CBF-AML.

Study of clinical outcome and prognosis in pediatric core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinical outcome and the prognostic factor in pediatric patients with core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML).@*Methods@#A total of 121 newly diagnosed pediatric CBF-AML patients enrolled from Aug. 2005 to Sep. 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic factors were evaluated by Cox regression with SPSS.@*Results@#Of the 121 patients, 120 patients were assessed for bone marrow remission after induction chemotherapy. 100 cases (83.3%) achieved complete remission (CR) after the first course of chemotherapy. 119 cases (99.2%) achieved CR after the second course of chemotherapy. Of the 121 patients, 13 patients (10.7%) had recurrence with the median interval of recurrence as 13.8 months (3.7 to 58.8 months). 17 patients (14.0%) died. The CIR, EFS and OS at 3 years were 12.7%, 77.5% and 82.8%, respectively. The factors including age at diagnosis, sex, initial WBC count, presence of extramedullary leukemia, C-KIT expression, additional chromosomal abnormalities, and CR after the first course of chemotherapy were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis of Cox. Multivariate analysis identified that additional chromosomal abnormalities was the only independent risk factor affecting OS (HR=4.289, 95%CI 1.070-17.183, P=0.040).@*Conclusions@#Pediatric CBF-AML was a unique setting of prognostic subtypes. Chemotherapy produced good responses. Additional chromosomal abnormalities was the only independent risk factor for OS in pediatric CBF-AML.

Comparision of visual quality after topography-guided and wavefront-optimized FS-LASIK in myopic eyes / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective@#To compare the visual quality after topography-guided customized femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and wavefront-optimized FS-LASIK treatment in myopic eyes.@*Methods@#A non-randomized controlled clinical study was performed.Seventy-eight eyes of 39 myopic patients undergoing FS-LASIK in Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups according to each patient's opinion, with matched demography between the two groups.Topography-guided customized FS-LASIK was performed on 42 eyes of 21 myopia in the topography-guided group, and wavefront-optimized FS-LASIK was performed on 36 eyes of 18 patients in the wavefront-optimized group.Visual acuity, refractive error, higher order aberrations (HOAs) and contrast sensitivity(CS) were compared between the two groups before and 6 months after surgery.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before the operation.This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (No.TRECKY2014-026).@*Results@#The postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) levels were eaqual to or better than the preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in 95.2% patients in the topography-guided group, and in 94.4% patients in the wavefront-optimized group 6 months after surgery, respectively.There were no significant differences in the spherical equivalent, sphere refraction and cylinder refraction between the two groups (all at P>0.05). The amount of induced coma was significantly lower in the topography-guided group than that in the wavefront-optimized group ([0.07±0.22]μm vs.[0.22±0.16]μm) at 6 mm pupil.LogCS improved under the 12.0 c/d in the background of mesopic in the topography-guided group and decreased under the 18.0 c/d both in the background of mesopic and mesopic + glare in the wavefront-optimized group 6 months after surgery, with signifcant differences between them (all at P<0.05). LogCS values under 6.0, 12.0 and 18.0 c/d in the background of mesopic and 18.0 c/d in the background of mesopic+ glare in the topography-guided group were significantly higher than those in the wavefront-optimized group 6 months after surgery, with significant differences between the two groups (all at P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Topography-guided FS-LASIK has lower higher-order aberrations and better CS than wavefront-optimized FS-LASIK.

Primeras 2000 colecistectomías laparoscópicas ambulatorias en modalidad free-standing en un hospital público de la Argentina / Outcome of the first 2000 ambulatory, laparoscopic cholecystectomies with free-standing modality in a public hospital of Argentina

Antecedentes: la cirugía ambulatoria surge debido al aumento de la demanda y del gasto sanitario. Permite reducir el costo por procedimiento y la mayor eficacia se obtiene con la adopción de una unidad independiente pero que forma parte de un sistema de salud. Objetivo: Comunicar los primeros 2000 casos de colecistectomía laparoscópica ambulatoria en forma sistemática, en el primer hospital público independiente (free-standing) de la Argentina. Material y métodos: en 36 meses se realizaron las primeras 2000 colecistectomías laparoscópicas ambulatorias en régimen independiente (free-standing). Todos los casos fueron pacientes con patología no aguda, con IMC <35 kg/m², edad entre 13 y 65 años, categorizados ASA I o II. Resultados: se realizaron 1766 colecistectomías laparoscópicas convencionales y 234 colecistectomías mínimamente invasivas transumbilicales. Fueron trasladados a otras instituciones 12 pacientes, 3 de ellos por retardo en la recuperación y 9 por hallazgos intraoperatorios. Se diagnosticaron 3 litiasis coledocianas, 1 litiasis única y 2 múltiples durante la cirugía. Cuatro pacientes requirieron cirugía en otras instituciones por complicaciones asociadas con el procedimiento inicial. Conclusión: la colecistectomía laparoscópica en un hospital público free-standing es un proceso seguro, con tasas de complicaciones bajas si se usan los criterios de selección adecuados. La experiencia ganada con esta numerosa serie permitió afinar el sistema de selección y tratamiento.

Background: ambulatory surgery arose due to the increased demand and health expenses, allowing to reduce the cost per procedure. Efficiency may be maximized by adoption of an independent unit, but as part of a health system. Objective: to report the first 2000 cases of systematic, ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomies in the first public independent hospital (free-standing) of Argentina. Material and methods: in a free-standing institution, the first 2000 ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed in period of 36 months. All cases were non-acute, with BMI<35kg/m², aged between 13 and 65 years, categorized as ASA I or II. Results: conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy was carried out in 1766 cases, while a minimally invasive transumbilical technique was done in 234. Twelve patients required transference to another institution, 3 of them due to delay in recovery and 9 due to intraoperative findings. Three cases of choledochalstones were diagnosed intraoperativelly (1 with a single stone and 2 with multiple). Four patients required surgery at a different institution in the immediate postoperative period due to complications associated with the initial surgery. Conclusions: laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an ambulatory free-standing public hospitalis safe, with low complication rates,if the appropriate selection criteria isused. The experience in this large series of cases allowed refining the selection and treatment criteria.

Association of Interleukin-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) Polymorphism with Predisposition to Breast Cancer: a Meta-Analysis based on 17 Case-Control Studies

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The association between the between IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) polymorphism and breast cancer has been evaluated by several number case-control studies. However, these studies might be underpowered to reveal the true association. OBJECTIVE We have performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the association IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science up to September 20, 2017. Data was analysed with CMA software to identify the strength of the association by pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 17 case-control studies involving 3275 cases and 3416 controls obtained from database searches were examined. Overall, there was no significant association between IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer risk under all genetic models. No significant publication bias was found for the five genetic models (G vs. A OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 0.895-1.180, p= 0.230; GG vs. AA: OR = 1.430, 95% CI = 0.927-2.204, p= 0.106; GA vs. AA: OR = 0.966, 95% CI = 0.765-1.221, p= 0.774; GG+GA vs. AA: OR = 0.957, 95% CI = 0.697-1.314, p= 0.786; and GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 1.221, 95% CI = 0.981-1.518, p= 0.073). Moreover, there was no significant association between the IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer risk by ethnicity. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) polymorphism might not be a risk factor for the development of breast cancer.

RESUMO

Heterochromatin base pair composition and diversification in holocentric chromosomes of kissing bugs (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

The subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) includes 150 species of blood-sucking insects, vectors of Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis. Karyotypic information reveals a striking stability in the number of autosomes. However, this group shows substantial variability in genome size, the amount and distribution of C-heterochromatin, and the chromosome positions of 45S rDNA clusters. Here, we analysed the karyotypes of 41 species from six different genera with C-fluorescence banding in order to evaluate the base-pair richness of heterochromatic regions. Our results show a high heterogeneity in the fluorescent staining of the heterochromatin in both autosomes and sex chromosomes, never reported before within an insect subfamily with holocentric chromosomes. This technique allows a clear discrimination of the heterochromatic regions classified as similar by C-banding, constituting a new chromosome marker with taxonomic and evolutionary significance. The diverse fluorescent patterns are likely due to the amplification of different repeated sequences, reflecting an unusual dynamic rearrangement in the genomes of this subfamily. Further, we discuss the evolution of these repeated sequences in both autosomes and sex chromosomes in species of Triatominae.

Growth and Sporulation of Nematophagus Fungus Nematoctonus Robustus on Different Media at Different Temperatures.

Nematode trapping fungi captured nematode by forming different types of structure in a way to get supplement of nitrogen from the nematode, just like carnivorous plants. Fungal parasites of nematodes are broadly classified as either predaceous or endoparasitic. The genus Nematoctonus is unique in that some species are endoparasitic and some species are predaceous by established criteria. The generic diagnosis for Nematoctonus was given by Dreschsler that one assimilative hyphae which is hyaline, more or less branched, developing within minute living animals. Growth and sporulation of N.robustus was significantly varied with different temperature on corn meal agar medium. It is evident from results showing the effect of temperature on the biology of N.robustus that 200C was most optimum temperature for both growth and sporulation. With increase in the temperature there is increase in radial growth of this fungus but correspondingly there s decrease in sporulation.

Morphological Characterization and Mass Production of Nematophagous Fungus Nematoctonus Robustus.

The plant parasitic nematodes infect the root tissues of the plant causing root galls that lead to reduced water and mineral uptake in the plant root system. Nematophagous fungus are used as biocontrol for the nematodes. Among those Nematoctonus are one of the species used as bioagent. Nematoctonus species produces an extensive mycelium and capture many nematodes with hour glass shaped adhesive knobs on the hyphae. Nematodes become attached to these adhesive knobs and the cuticle of nematode is penetrated by the infective hyphae. This isolate of Nematoctonus robustus is characterized by hyaline mycelium, dikaryotic in nature containing genetically two different nuclei in each cell, having distinct clamp connection. The fungus has better colonizing ability on natural solid substrates like wheat straw and rice straw. It also show good ability to colonize on different cereal grains and various other waste products like coconut coir and FYM etc. This species is one of the best used for mass production and effective for control of plant parasitic nematodes.

Comparative cytogenetics in astyanax (characiformes: characidae) with focus on the cytotaxonomy of the group

Astyanax is a diverse group of Neotropical fishes, whose different forms occupy different environments. This great diversity is also reflected on cytogenetic aspects and molecular markers, which have repeatedly been demonstrated by cytogenetic studies. In order to characterize the karyotype of species of this genus, six species were studied: Astyanax altiparanae, A.argyrimarginatus, A. elachylepis, A. xavante, and two new species provisionally called Astyanax sp. and A. aff. bimaculatus. A detailed cytogenetic study based on conventional staining with Giemsa, AgNORs, C-banding, base-specific fluorochromes, and FISH using ribosomal genes 18S and 5S was conducted, aiming to understand some of the chromosomal mechanisms associated with the high diversification that characterizes this group and culminated with the establishment of these species. The results showed 2n = 50 chromosomes for five species and a karyotype with 52 chromosomes in Astyanax sp. Small variations in the macrostructure of the karyotypes were identified, which were quite relevant when analyzed by classical banding, fluorochromes, and FISH methods. These differences among Astyanax spp. (2n = 50) are largely due to changes in the amount and types of heterochromatic blocks. Astyanax sp (2n = 52), in addition to variations due to heterochromatic blocks, has its origin possibly by events of centric fission in a pair of chromosomes followed by minor rearrangements.These results show an interesting karyotypic diversity in Astyanax and indicate the need of a review of the group referred as A. aff. bimaculatus and the description of Astyanax sp., including the possibility of inclusion of this unit in another genus.

Astyanax é um grupo bastante diverso de peixes neotropicais cujas diferentes formas ocupam distintos ambientes. Esta grande variabilidade também se reflete em aspectos citogenéticos e moleculares, que têm sido repetidamente demonstrados por meio de estudos citogenéticos. A fim de caracterizar o cariótipo de representantes deste gênero, seis espécies foram estudadas: Astyanax altiparanae, A. elachylepis, A. xavante, A. argyrimarginatus e duas espécies novas provisoriamente citadas como Astyanax sp. e A. aff. bimaculatus. Um estudo citogenético detalhado com base na coloração convencional com Giemsa, AgNORs, banda C, fluorocromos base-específicos, e FISH com sondas para genes ribossomais 18S e 5S foi realizado com o objetivo de compreender alguns dos mecanismos cromossômicos associados com a alta diversificação que caracteriza este grupo de peixes e que culminou com o estabelecimento dessas espécies. Os resultados revelaram 2n = 50 cromossomos para cinco espécies e 2n = 52 cromossomos para Astyanax sp. Pequenas variações na macroestrutura dos cariótipos foram identificadas e se mostraram relevantes quando analisadas com base nos bandamentos clássicos, coloração por fluorocromos base-específicos e FISH com sondas de DNA 18S e 5S. Esssa diversidade cariotípica detectada indica a necessidade de uma revisão taxonômica no grupo de indivíduos aqui referidos como A. aff. bimaculatus, inclusive com a descrição de Astyanax sp., incluindo a possibilidade de inserção dessa unidade em outro gênero distinto de Astyanax.

Manejo nutricional na alergia à proteína do leite de vaca / Nutritional management of cow´s milk protein allergy in infants and young children

A alergia à proteína do leite de vaca vem ocupando demais o raciocínio dos pediatras nos últimos anos. Muito provavelmente isso se deve à dificuldade em se reconhecer o quadro clínico e principalmente em estabelecer o melhor tratamento para as crianças acometidas. Um fator agravante é o número enorme de novas fórmulas lácteas que vêm sendo apresentadas ao mercado, sem que o médico consiga acompanhar e avaliar as características de cada uma e muito menos adquirir experiência com o seu uso. Considerando que o princípio básico do tratamento da APLV é a terapia nutricional, esta revisão expõe de maneira bastante prática como deve ser o manejo nutricional dessa patologia. Nunca é demais lembrar que as alterações nutricionais que essas crianças apresentam e podem apresentar devem ser consideradas como emergência nutricional.

Chromosomal analyses in Megalonema platanum (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), an endangered species from South American rivers

Este estudo apresenta dados cromossômicos de Megalonema platanum do rio Tibagi, Paraná, Brasil e do rio Paraná, Argentina. O número diploide foi igual 54 com composição cariotípica de 24m+16sm+2st+12a em ambas populações. Os sítios AgNORs foram detectados na posição terminal de um par submetacêntrico das duas populações analisadas, coincidindo com constrição secundária no braço curto do par 15. CMA3 e FISH com sonda de DNAr 18S exibiram sinais fluorescentes que correspondem aos sítios AgNORs e à constrição secundária. A presença de um pequeno cromossomo supranumerário acrocêntrico foi observado em M. platanum do rio Tibagi, com heterocromatina centromérica. Outros blocos heterocromáticos foram evidenciados na posição terminal de alguns cromossomos e um par cromossômico submetacêntrico grande, provavelmente o primeiro par, mostrou heterocromatina intersticial. Na população do rio Paraná foram observados ainda blocos heterocromáticos em ambas regiões terminais em alguns cromossomos. Este trabalho mostra pela primeira vez dados citogenéticos de M. platanum, que é uma espécie muito rara na bacia do rio Paraná e pode estar ameaçada de extinção.

This study presents chromosomal data of Megalonema platanum from rio Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil and from rio Paraná, Argentina. The diploid number was equal 54 with karyotype composition of 24m+16sm+2st+12a in both populations. The AgNOR siteswere detected in the terminal position of a submetacentric pair of the two analyzed populations, coinciding with secondary constrictions on the short arm of pair 15. CMA3 and FISH with 18S rDNA probe displayed fluorescent signals that correspond to the AgNOR sites and secondary constriction. The presence of a small acrocentric supernumerary chromosome can be observed in M. platanum from rio Tibagi, with centromeric heterochromatin. Others heterochromatic blocks were evidenced in the terminal position of some chromosome and one metacentric large chromosome pair, probably the first pair, showed an interstitial heterochromatin. In the population of the rio Paraná were still observed heterochromatic blocks in both ends in some chromosomes. This work brings for the first time cytogenetic date of M. platanum, which is a very rare species in the rio Paraná basin and may be endangered.

Dose distribution of 125Ⅰ seed sources in brachytherapy prostate cancer model / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To study the dose distribution of the radioactive 125Ⅰ seeds sources in the treatment of prostate cancer and also to explore the more effective method for improving treatment planning system (TPS).Methods Choose the designated TPS and use TLDs dosimeter based on a prostate cancer model.Finally stimulated measurement was focused on dose distribution in prostate cancer.The number of 125Ⅰ seed sources implanted was 89, each with 1.37 × 107 ( ± 5% ) Bq.Results Maximum dose of every layer ranged from 151 to 241 Gy, by 4.1% to 66.0% higher than the prescribed dose (145 Gy).The Minimum dose of every layer ranged from 101 to 128 Gy, by 12% to 30% higher than the prescribed dose.The maximum dose of normal tissue at 10 mm from the edge of model ranged from 46 to 91 Gy.The deviation was 44% -63% compared with the prescribed dose.Conclusions The designated TPS shows that it could be used as a practical guide for treatment of prostate cancer with the radioactive 125Ⅰ seed sources.The research methods offered by the study can provide evaluation of the TPS.

CT-guided therapy of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation by precise injection around nerve root and in epidural cavity / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH) by CT-guided precise injection around nerve root and in epidural cavity. Methods One hundred and eight patients of LIDH were treated by CT-guided precise injection around nerve root and in epidural cavity, and followed-up after 1, 3 and 6 months. Visual analogue score (VAS) for pain was used to evaluate the efficacy before and after treatment. Results In 108 cases, there were 83 patients (76.9%) with good result whose improvement of VAS was greater than or equal 50% after treatment 1, 3 and 6 months. There were 19 patients (17.6%) with fair result whose improvement of VAS was less than 50% after treatment 1, 3 and 6 months. There were 6 patients (5.6%) with invalid result whose improvement of VAS was unobvious after treatment 1, 3 and 6 months. Conclusion CT-guided therapy of LIDH by precise injection around nerve root and in epidural cavity is safe, accurate, effective, minimally aggressive technique and worth being practiced clinically.

Analysis of human brucellosis surveillance in Weinan city of Shaanxi province in 2009 / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To survey and analyze characteristics of brucellosis epidemic in Weinan city of Shaanxi province for the purpose of setting up prevention and control measures for the disease. Methods According to "The Executing Plan for the Work of Surveying Brucellosis Disease in Shaanxi Province", 35 villages(towns) of designated monitoring locations and 24 villages (towns) of randomized monitoring locations in five countries of Weinan were chosen to survey brucellosis disease. The five countries were Chengcheng, Dali, Heyang, Tongguan and Hancheng. High risk populations with a history of contacting livestock and livestock products aged between 7 and 60 underwent clinical and serology examination[rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT) and standard tube agglutination test(SAT)]. All manipulation methods and judging standards were in accord with the "Diagnostic Standard for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2007). Results In the designated monitoring location, a total of 8664 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 1407 people were tested by RBPT test and 27 people were positive,the positive rate was 1.92%(27/1407); 27 people were tested by SAT test and 27 people were positive, the positive rate was 100% (27/27); 25 people were diagnosed and the diagnosis rate was 92.59%(25/27). In the randomized monitoring location, a total of 3464 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 411 people were tested by RBPT test and 3 people were positive, the positive rate was 0.73%(3/411 ), 3 people were tested by SAT test which were all positive and made a definite diagnosis. Twenty-eight new cases were made a definite diagnosis and its incidence was 2.06 in a hundred thousand(28/1 361 618). Conclusions The infection of human brucellosis in Weinan city stays at higher level. The governments should increase input for the monitoring,investigating and disinfecting to prevent the disease from increasing and outspreading.

Ultrasound-guided catheterization of subclavian vein:a comparison with landmark technique / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective The study was designed to compare the ultrasound-guided technique for the cannulation of subclavian vein with the traditional technique using anatomic landmarks.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients undergoing cannulation of subclavian vein before gastrp-intestinal tumor resection were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=60 each) according to the technique used for cannulation:ultrasound-guided group (group US) and anatomic landmark group (group AL).The puncture time,successful puncture and complications were recorded.Resulls The success rate was 100% in group US;while the cannulation failed in one patient in group AL.The rate of successful puncture at 1st attempt was 100% in group US but ouly 90% in group AL.The cannulation time was significantly shorter in group US than in group AL.The incidence of accidental puncture of subclavian artery,hematoma and pneumothorax was significantly higher in group AL than in group US.Conclusion The ultrasound-guided catheterization of the subclavian vein is superior to the landmark technique.

Clinical significance of detecting food allergic specific IgG in serum of patients with eczema and chronic urticaria / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the levels of 14 kinds of food allergic specific IgG antibody in eczema and chronic urticaria patients'serum and the role of food allergens in allergic skin diseases and provide scientific basis for clinical treatment and prophylaxis. Methods We used ELISA method to detect the concentration of 14 kinds of food allergic specific IgG antibody in the serum of 900 eczema and chronic urticaria patients and 18 healthy people. Results The food allergen of positive rate in studied group and control group was 90.2% and 11.1%. The positive rate of 14 kinds of food allergic specific IgG antibody in 900 eczema and chronic urticaria patients' serum from high to low was eggs, wheat, shrimp, milk, soja,crab, rice, corn, tomato, chicken, mushroom, beef, pork and ling. The food allergen positive rate in eczema and chronic urticaria patients'serum was 91.9% and 88. 9% ( P >0. 05). The positive rate of shrimp,mushroom and ling in eczema patients'serum was higher than that in chronic urticaria patients'serum ( P <0. 05 ). The positive rate in children's group was 96. 6%, which was higher than other age groups ( P >0. 05 ). The main allergens were egg, wheat and milk in children's group. The sensitization of crab and shrimp increased as people grew up. In 812 positive patients, who were intolerant of three and more than three foods accounted for 53.7%. In 175 follow-up patients, the effective rate was 50.9% in 20 days and 61.1% in 60 days after they avoided the intolerant food. The patients'diet was adjusted according to the test results.In 325 follow-up patients, the effective rate in eczema group was 59.9% in 20 days and 70. 4% in 60 days ( P <0. 05). Thee effective rate in chronic urticaria group was 65.6% in 20 days and 77. 3% in 60 days ( P <0.05 ). Conclusion The intolerant food can be found by detecting serum food allergen specific IgG.It can be used to adjust the diet and relieve the symptom, which is of great importance for preventing and treating allergic skin diseases.

Quantitative evaluation of common carotid arterial intima-media thickness and elasticity in healthy adults by ultrasound radio-frequency data technology / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate common carotid arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) and elasticity using ultrasound radio-frequency data (RF-data) technology, the normal values of the related parameters were determined in healthy adults for their potential clinical applications.Methods One hundred and sixty healthy adults were included and divided into 4 age groups with 20 males and 20 females in each group.The quantitative parameters of common carotid arterial IMT, common carotid arterial distensibility (CD),local pulse wave velocity(PWVβ) and stiffness(β) were calculated automatically.The correlations that the IMT, PWVβ and β were correlated positively with aging and CD was correlated negatively with between IMT and PWVβ or β, while no correlation between IMT and CD.The positive correlation was found correlation between IMT and age ( P＜0.05) ;In 30～39 and 40～49 years old groups,PWVβ increased and CD decreased with aging;In 50～59 years old group,PWVβ and β increased with aging;But in 60～69 years these parameters changed with aging in subjects＜60 years old.Conclusions RF-data technology could quantitativly evaluate common carotid arterial IMT and elasticity, the normal values of the related parameters were determined with aging,it may be a promising modality to assess the arterial condition.