RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE：To investigate the compatibility stability of Calcium gluconate injection with different solvents within 24 h，and to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS ：10％ Calcium gluconate injection was mixed with 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection and 5％ Glucose injection in the proportion of 10∶100，30∶100 and 50∶100（v/v）as trial group ，and mixed with 10％ Glucose injection in the same proportion as control group. The water was mixed with 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection ，5％ Glucose injection and 10％ Glucose injection in the same proportion as the blank control group. The appearance of the infusion in the trial group and the control group was observed within 24 h after preparation. pH value and the number of insoluble particles were detected and compared with the blank control group. The content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the change of UV absorption spectrum were determined by UV spectrophotometry. RESULTS ：Compared with the blank control group infusion at the same time ， the infusion of trial group and the control group were colorless ，clear solution ，no visible foreign body ，and the pH value of the infusion of trial group and the control group had no significant change within 24 h. Within 24 h after preparation ，the number of insoluble particles ≥10 and ≥25 μm in 3 groups fluctuated but met the pharmacopoeia standard ；the number of insoluble particles with small particle size （5-10 μm）increased slightly with time ，but there was no significant difference between trial group ，control group and blank control group. The linear range of 5-HMF was 0.149-4.751 μg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）；the limit of quantitation was 0.013 μg/mL；RSDs of precision ，repeatability and stability tests （24 h）were less than 2％；average recovery was 105.23％ （RSD＝1.08％，n＝9）. The content of 5-HMF and the UV absorption spectrum had no significant change in 2 groups within 24 h. The absorbance of UV measured at 284 nm was in line with the pharmacopeia. CONCLUSIONS ：Calcium gluconate injection ， 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection and 5％ Glucose injection have good stability within 24 h，and can be used according to clinical needs.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluco-nate injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METH-ODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Ovid,CBM,CJFD and VIP,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection (test group) versus conventional oxytocin in the treatment of postpartum hemor-rhage were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extract and quality evaluation by Co-chrane systematic review manual 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 7 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1254 pregnant women. Results of Me-ta-analysis showed,compared with conventional oxytocin,misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection can signifi-cantly reduce 2 h postpartum hemorrhage [MD=-76.76,95%CI(-105.73,-47.79),P<0.001],24 h postpartum hemorrhage [MD=-118.28,95%CI(-167.78,-68.78),P<0.001] and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage [OR=0.19,95%CI(0.08, 0.46),P<0.001],and shorten the 3rd delivery process [MD=-3.52,95%CI(-4.20,-2.84),P<0.001],the differences were sta-tistically significant;there was no significant difference in the intraoperative hemorrhage [MD=-61.31,95%CI(-121.98,-0.64), P=0.05] and neonatal 1 min Apgar score [MD=0.10,95%CI(-0.38,0.59),P=0.67] in 2 groups. The incidences of chest dis-tress,breathlessness and stomach discomfort in test group were significantly higher than control group [OR=18,95%CI(2.42, 133.98),P=0.005],but it was mild,and there was no significant difference in the incidence of fver,chills and nausea,vomiting, diarrhea and other adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS:Both the efficacy and safety of misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage are good. Due to low quality and small-scale of included studies, more large-scale and long-term follow-up studies with strict designed are required for further validation of the conclusions.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:To study the compatible stability of Ceftriaxone Sodium with Compound Sodium Chloride Injection or Sodium Lactate Ringer's Injection and study the compatible stability of the simulated in vivo peak concentration of ceftriaxone sodium with instant high concentration of calcium gluconate ion injection. METHODS: The concentration of Ceftriaxone Sodium in the mixture was determined by HPLC,meanwhile,the changes of the mixture in appearance,pH value,and the insoluble particles at room temperature were observed. RESULTS: At 0～2 hours,the mixture of Ceftriaxone Sodium and Compound Sodium Chloride Injection was clear in appearance;however,at 2 hours,it was white cloudy macroscopically,and its pH valued increased,ceftriaxone sodium content decreased and insoluble particles increased. The ceftriaxone sodium content reduced when mixed with sodium lactate ringer's injection. After mixing of simulated in vivo peak concentration of ceftriaxone sodium with instant high concentration of calcium gluconate ion injection,the appearance of the mixture was stable but the concentration of Ceftriaxone Sodium reduced slightly. CONCLUSION: Ceftriaxone Sodium can't be used in combination with Compound Sodium Chloride Injection or Sodium Lactate Ringer's Injection. Whether it is suitable to infuse calcium gluconate when ceftriaxone sodium (iv gtt) reached peak concentration remains to be confirmed in future study.