Crecimiento in vitro y morfología inusual de Campylobacter aislada de un paciente con bacteriemia / In Vitro growth and unusual Campylobacter morphology isolated from a patient with bacteremia

Resumen Campylobacter sp. es una bacteria que se adapta a diferentes condiciones y permite un cambio en su forma y requerimientos metabólicos, dificultando su diagnóstico microbiológico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente oncológico de 65 años con bacteriemia por Campylobacter sp. Se desarrolló el cultivo de microbiología clásico en microaerofilia a 42 o C, cultivo aeróbico en agar sangre a 37 o C y hemocultivo aeróbico a 37 o C. Además, se realizó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para identificar el agente. La bacteria creció en todos los medios mostrando su termotolerancia y tolerancia a diferentes concentraciones de oxígeno, además de presentar una forma en espiral en el hemocultivo aeróbico. Finalmente, enfatizamos la flexibilidad fisiológica de la bacteria para adaptarse a diferentes condiciones y la importancia de la prueba molecular para identificar al agente, en especial en el crecimiento aeróbico en forma de espiral que pudiera confundirse con otras espiroquetas que causan episodios febriles.

Abstract Campylobacter sp. It is a bacterium that adapts to different conditions and allows a change in its form and metabolic requirements, making microbiological diagnosis difficult in such conditions. We present the case of a 65-year-old cancer patient with bacteremia caused by Campylobacter sp. The culture of classical microbiology was developed in microaerophilic at 42 o C, aerobic culture on blood agar at 37 o C and aerobic blood culture at 37 o C. In addition, the polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify the agent. The bacteria grew in all media showing its thermotolerance and tolerance to different concentrations of oxygen, in addition to presenting a spiral shape in the aerobic blood culture. Finally, we emphasize the physiological flexibility of the bacterium to adapt to different conditions and the importance of the molecular test to identify the agent especially in aerobic growth in spiral form, which could be confused with other spirochetes that cause febrile episodes.

Detection of thermophilic Campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages by methods ISO 10272: 2006 in Curitiba - Parana State - Brazil

The aim of this study was the detection of Campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages using the methods ISO 10272-1 and ISO 10272-2. The overall prevalence of Campylobacter sp. in the samples tested was 16.67%, representing a serious risk to the health of consumers, particularly if measures guaranteeing proper cooking of foods and prevention of cross-contamination are not adopted. Furthermore, the majority of campylobacteriosis cases in humans are caused by consumption or improper handling of contaminated raw or undercooked poultry meat, which constitute the main vehicle of this infection.

Métodos diagnósticos para os patógenos alimentares: Campylobacter sp., Salmonella sp. e Listeria monocytogenes / Diagnostic methods for the food pathogens Campylobacter sp., Salmonella sp. and Listeria monocytogenes

Os métodos moleculares de detecção rápida e eficaz de lotes de aves infectados por bactérias como Salmonella sp. Campylobacter sp. e Listeria monocytogenes são importantes para reduzir a frequência da transmissão destes patógenos entre os lotes de aves e aos consumidores de produtos de origem animal. Recentemente, as técnicas de biologia molecular, em especial a reação em cadeia polimerase, que permite a amplificação específica de segmentos de DNA, têm possibilitado novos rumos na identificação de bactérias supracitadas, reduzindo o tempo de cultivo e ampliando a confiabilidade das provas diagnósticas. A utilização da biologia molecular por laboratórios de diagnóstico humano e animal, assim como em programas de controle de qualidade de alimentos e produtos de origem animal, já é realidade e tende a se expandir rapidamente. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma breve revisão dos testes diagnósticos convencionais e moleculares para identificar Campylobacter sp., Salmonella sp. e Listeria monocytogenes. Concluindo, o diagnóstico molecular é um campo em avanço científico e tecnológico, no qual novas técnicas moleculares estão em desenvolvimento para o diagnóstico de bactérias em alimentos.

The molecular methods for quick and efficient detection of chicken lots infected by bacteria such as Salmonella sp. Campylobacter sp. and Listeria monoytogenes is basic for the effort to reduce the frequency of the transmission between chicken lots and to the consumers of poultry products. Recently, the development of techniques involving molecular biology, especially polymerase chain reaction, which allows the specific enlargement of segments of DNA, has been making new procedures possible for the identification of the abovementioned bacteria, reducing the time necessary for the tests and enhancing the reliability of the resulting diagnoses. The use of molecular biology in laboratories for human and animal diagnosis, as well as in quality control programs for foods and products of animal origin is already a reality and has tended to expand quickly. The objective of this article is to present a brief review of the conventional diagnostic and molecular tests for the identification of Campylobacter sp., Salmonella sp. and Listeria monocytogenes. In conclusion, molecular diagnosis is a field undergoing scientific and technological advancement, in which new molecular techniques are under development for the diagnosis of bacteria in foods.

Campylobacter sp em mecônio de pintainhos e em cloaca de reprodutoras de corte / Campylobacter sp in meconium of one day old chicks and swabcloacal from breeder hens

Campylobacter sp é um importante patógeno veiculado pelos alimentos e os produtos de origem aviária são os mais implicados na transmissão desses microrganismos aos humanos. O conhecimento das formas de transmissão de bactérias do gênero Campylobacter entre as aves irá permitir o estabelecimento de formas de controle eficientes nas granjas para impedir a disseminação desse agente. A principal via de transmissão nos aviários é a horizontal, porém a transmissão vertical deve ser objeto de estudo por ser uma via ainda não comprovada. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar em um mesmo lote de aves a presença da Campylobacter sp em galinhas matrizes e em mecônio de pintainhos de corte de um dia. O diagnóstico, foi realizado por PCR automatizado, o BAX Systen da DuPont. Foram coletados e analisados suabes cloacais de 33 aves (pool de três aves), totalizando 11 amostras e mecônio de pintainhos recémeclodidos (pool de três), totalizando 10 amostras. A positividade foi de 80% (8/10) para as amostras de mecônio e 54,55% (6/11) das amostras obtidas de galinhas. Esses resultados representam indícios da transmissão vertical, mas outras pesquisas devem ser conduzidas utilizando técnicas moleculares para detecção de Campylobacter sp em amostras de fezes, assim como técnicas de genotipificação dos espécimes isolados para comprovação da transmissão vertical.

Campylobacter sp is an important agent that causes food infection and the consume of avian products was the principal way of transmission of this organism to human been. The knowledge of the forms of transmission of the Campylobacter between the birds will allow the establishment of efficient forms of control in the farms to hinder the dissemination of this agent. The main transmission routes on chicken farms is horizontal however, the vertical transmission must be object of study still, it’s not proven the objective of this research, that was to verify the presence of Campylobacter sp in breeder hens and meconium. The used diagnostic method, was the automatized system PCR, the BAX Systen of the DuPont. The microbiological analyses were performed, using cloacal swabs from 33 breeder hens (pool of 3 hens each sample) and meconium samples from 30 one day old chicks (pool of 3 broilers each sample). Analysis of the meconium showed 80% (8/10) positive and breeder hens by the cloacal swab method 54,55% (6/11). These results represent indications of the vertical transmission, but other research must be lead using molecular techniques for detention of Campylobacter sp in excrement samples, as well as genetics techniques of isolated specimens to evidence the vertical transmission.