Assessment of root canal anatomy of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth: a cone-beam computed tomography study / Evaluación de la anatomía del canal radicular de caninos maxilares y mandibulares: un estudio de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico

Abstract To investigate the root canal anatomy of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines in a Turkish subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Retrospective CBCT data of 300 patients admitted to our clinic between 2016 and 2018 were screened and evaluated. A total of 235 patients, 100 males and 135 females, aged 14-76 years (mean age 37.27±13.40) were included in this study. A total of 191 (44,8%) maxillary canine teeth and 235 (55,2%) mandibular canine teeth were examined. The number of roots and root canal morphology according to Vertucci's classification, the presence of accessory canals, and the position of the apical foramen of the root were analyzed. The effect of gender and age on the incidence of root canal morphology was also investigated. The majority of the teeth had a Type I canal configuration in both maxillary canines (100%) and mandibular canines (92,8%). In the mandibular canines the other canal patterns found were Type III (6,8%), and Type II (0,4%). Apical foramen was centrally positioned in the majority of the teeth, 70,2% and 66,8% in maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. The occurrence of two roots in mandibular canines was 3,8% and the root canal separation was found 53,8% and 46,2% in the middle and cervical third of the root, respectively. No significant statistical difference was observed effect of gender and age on the incidence of the root canal morphology and the position of the apical foramen. Due to the diverse morphology and the potential presence of a second canal for canine teeth among the Turkish subpopulation, dentists should perform endodontic treatments with greater care. CBCT is an accurate tool for the morphological assessment of the root canals.

Resumen Investigar la anatomía del conducto radicular de los caninos maxilares y mandibulares permanentes en una subpoblación turca utilizando la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT). Se examinaron y evaluaron los datos CBCT retrospectivos de 300 pacientes ingresados en nuestra clínica entre 2016 y 2018. Un total de 235 pacientes, 100 hombres y 135 mujeres, de entre 14 y 76 años (edad media de 37,27±13,40) fueron incluidos en este estudio. Se examinaron un total de 191 (44,8%) dientes caninos maxilares y 235 (55,2%) dientes caninos mandibulares. Se analizó el número de raíces y la morfología del conducto radicular según la clasificación de Vertucci, la presencia de conductos accesorios y la posición del foramen apical de la raíz. También se investigó el efecto del sexo y la edad en la incidencia de la morfología del conducto radicular. La mayoría de los dientes tenían una configuración de conductos de tipo I tanto en los caninos maxilares (100%) como en los caninos mandibulares (92,8%). En los caninos mandibulares los otros patrones de conductos encontrados fueron el Tipo III (6,8%) y el Tipo II (0,4%). El foramen apical estaba situado en posición central en la mayoría de los dientes, 70,2% y 66,8% en los caninos maxilares y mandibulares, respectivamente. La ocurrencia de dos raíces en los caninos mandibulares es del 3,8% y la separación del conducto radicular se encontró en el tercio medio y cervical de la raíz en el 53,8% y el 46,2%, respectivamente. No se observó ninguna diferencia estadística significativa en el efecto del sexo y la edad sobre la incidencia de la morfología del conducto radicular y la posición del foramen apical. Debido a la diversa morfología y a la posible presencia de un segundo conducto en los dientes caninos entre la subpoblación turca, los odontólogos deberían realizar los tratamientos endodónticos con mayor cuidado. La CBCT es una herramienta precisa para la evaluación morfológica de los conductos radiculares.

Caracterización morfológica de caninos en premolares, un caso de anodoncia parcial de caninos maxilares / Morphological characterization of canine teeth done in first bicuspid, a maxillary canine partial anodontia case report

En este informe de caso clínico se muestra el tratamiento exitoso de un paciente con anodoncia parcial de órganos dentales 13 y 23 debido a que fueron extraídos por presentar impactación y mal pronóstico de tracción. En este artículo se presenta un paciente masculino de 29 años clase I esquelética con un perfil convexo, maloclusión de clase III, overjet disminuido, ausencia de guías funcionales, discrepancia oseodentaria positiva en arcada superior y negativa en arcada inferior. El tratamiento se realizó con extracciones de los órganos dentales 34 y 44 para nivelar las discrepancias óseo dentarias interarcadas, se llevó a cabo mediante un cierre de espacios recíproco por medio de cadenas elásticas para ambas arcadas, con lo que se logró crear un overjet y overbite adecuados. La creación de las guías caninas funcionales se consiguió mediante el cambio de morfología de los órganos dentales 14 y 24, los cuales fueron llevados a la posición de los caninos ausentes. El tiempo total de tratamiento para este paciente fue de 24 meses. Se realizaron ameloplastias positivas, la aplicación de agregados de resina para mejorar la funcionalidad y proveer salud articular. Se sugiere que ante casos de anodoncia de caninos en la arcada superior, un tratamiento favorable se puede llevar a cabo mediante el cierre de espacios, la caracterización morfológica de los caninos ausentes mediante ameloplastias positivas en premolares (AU)

This case report shows the successful treatment of a patient with partial anodontia of dental organs 13 and 23 because they have been extracted due to present impactation and poor traction prognosis. This article presents a 29-year-old male class I skeletal patient with convex profile, class III malocclusion, overjet reduction, absence of functional guidance, positive bone-teeth discrepancy in the upper arch and negative in the lower arch. The treatment was carried out with the extractions of the dental organs 34 and 44 for correcting oral dental discrepancies between upper and lower arches; it was done using reciprocal closing of spaces by using elastic chains for both arches in order to achieve a suitable overjet and overbite. The creation of the canine guides was achieved by changing the morphology of the dental organs 14 and 24, which were taken to the position of the absent canines. The total treatment timing for this patient was 24 months. Positive ameloplasties were performed by application of resin aggregates to improve functionality and provide joint health. A favorable treatment for these kinds of cases of canine anodontics in the upper arch is carried out by closing spaces and the morphological characterization of the absent canines by positive in-premolar ameloplasties (AU)

Summary of combined orthodontic and implant treatment in the patients with the congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To summarize the treatment options for congenital maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA).@*Methods @#Review the literature, summarize the current treatment options and advantages and disadvantages of various methods of MLIA, and analyze cases. @*Results @#When a patient′s occlusion and other conditions are suitable for space closure and canine substitution, closure of the gap is the recommended method, as it has good aesthetic results and leads to good periodontal health. However, when closure cannot be performed, a dental implant has a strong advantage compared with other restoration methods. When planning implants for MLIA patients, doctors should carefully select the correct surgery time and take care with the implant position to obtain good results.@* Conclusion@#In the choice of a treatment plan for MLIA, we need to use the concept of multidisciplinary combined treatment to obtain a more satisfactory treatment effect with regard to aesthetics and function.

First case of bimaxillary transmigration of impactedcanines: report of a rare case and review of literature / Primeiro caso de transmigração bimaxilar de caninosimpactados: relato de um caso raro e revisão da literatura

Objective: To present a rare case of bimaxillary transmigration of impacted canines. Discussion: Preeruptivemigration of a tooth across the midline is termed transmigration. Transmigration typically affectsthe mandibular canines, but occurs rarely in maxillary canines as well. Transmigration of mandibular canineacross the midline is rare. An even less common finding is transmigration of maxillary canine acrossthe midline. The least common finding is bimaxillary occurrence of canines transmigration. Conclusion:Migration of both upper and lower canine teeth on the same side across the midline is called bimaxillarytransmigration, which is a very rare phenomenon of oral and maxillofacial complex, often undetected inroutine dental examination, neither clinical, nor periapical radiographic examination.

Objetivo: Apresentar um caso raro de transmigração bimaxilar de caninos impactados. Discussão: A migraçãopré-eruptiva de um dente através da linha média é denominado transmigração. A transmigraçãotipicamente afeta os caninos inferiores, mas pode ocorrer raramente em caninos superiores também. Transmigraçãode canino inferior através da linha média é rara, porém um achado ainda menos comum é a ocorrênciade transmigração bimaxilar de caninos. Conclusão: A migração de caninos superiores e inferiores nomesmo lado e cruzando a linha média é chamada de transmigração bimaxilar, um fenômeno raro de sistema bucal e maxilofacial, frequentemente diagnosticado em exame clínico odontológico de rotina ou exame radiográficoperiapical.

Bilateral transmigration of impacted mandibular canines: report of two cases and review / Transmigração bilateral de caninos inclusos mandibulares: relato de dois casos e revisão

Objective: To present and discuss a rare case of transmigration of bilateral mandibular canines. To review the literature and to discuss treatment. Discussion: Transmigration of the canine tooth is an uncommonphenomenon, often undetected in routine dental examinations. The less common finding is type 5 (the canine is positioned vertically in the midline with the long axis of the tooth crossing the midline)and the least common phenomenon is bilateral occurrence of type 5. There is no known etiology for its occurrence. Conclusion: Transmigration of mandibular canines across the midline is a rare condition. An even less common finding is bilateral transmigration of canines across the midline.

Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir um caso raro de transmigração bilateral de caninos mandibulares; revisar a literatura; e discutir tratamentos. Discussão: A transmigração de caninos é um fenômeno incomum que frequentemente não édetectado no exame clínico de rotina. O achado menos comum é o tipo 5 (canino posicionado verticalmente com o seulongo eixo cruzando a linha média) e o fenômeno menos comum é a ocorrência bilateral do tipo 5 de transmigração. A sua etiologia é desconhecida. Conclusão: A transmigração de caninos mandibulares cruzando a linha média é rara e um achado ainda menos comum é a transmigração bilateral de caninos cruzando a linha média.