Assessment of Tumor Associated Tissue Eosinophilia (TATE) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Carbol Chromotrope Stain / Evaluación de la Eosinofilia Tisular Asociada al Tumor (TATE) en el Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas Mediante la Tinción de Carbol Cromótropo

Tumor related tissue eosinophilia (TATE) is a known phenomenon but its role in prognostics and correlation with size of the primary tumor is still controversial. Using a stain, like Carbol chromotrope, that targets eosinophils exclusively and vividly, offers an advantage over haematoxylin and eosin, which was used in most of the studies. Forty-nine cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma, where the TNM staging has been recorded in their history, was taken and stained with Lendrum's carbol chromotrope. Significant difference in the eosinophil count with varying size of the tumor and a parallel increase in the number noted, with increase in size. There is a corresponding increase in the number of eosinophils infiltrating the tumor with increase in size of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

La eosinofilia tisular asociada a tumores (TATE) es un fenómeno conocido, sin embargo su pronóstico y correlación con el tamaño del tumor primario aún es tema de controversia. El uso de cromotropo como tinción dirigida exclusivamente a los eosinófilos, ofrece una ventaja sobre la hematoxilina-eosina, que ha sido utilizada en la mayoría de los estudios. Se estudiaron células escamosas en 49 casos de carcinoma oral, con registro del estadio TNM. Las células fueron teñidas con carbol cromotropo de Lendrum. Se observó una diferencia significativa en el recuento de eosinófilos con el tamaño del tumor y un aumento paralelo en número, con el aumento de tamaño. Hay un aumento correspondiente en el número de eosinófilos que infiltran el tumor con aumento en el tamaño de carcinoma de células escamosas orales.

Evaluation of Infiltration of Immunological cells (Tumour Associated Tissue Eosinophils and Mast cells) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Using Special Stains.

Aim: Our study aimed to evaluate the infiltration of tissue eosinophils and mast cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by using special stains. Study Design: Comparative study. Place of Study: Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. Methodology: The study was carried out with the sample size of 30 histopathologically diagnosed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and comparison of infiltration of these (tissue eosinophil and mast cells) inflammatory cells with control (normal) group of patients, was done by using special stains. Special stains are wonderful because they allow us to see which we cannot see with routine Haematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stains were used to demonstrate tissue eosinophils and mast cells. Carbol Chromotrope and congo red were used for tissue eosinophil and for mast cells staining toluidine blue and thionin were used. Results: The comparison of infiltration of tissue eosinophil and mast cell in OSCC with control group (normal) of patients shows significantly increased infiltration of these immunological cells in OSCC group of patients (P<0.05). We also found that among special stains carbol chromotrope is better than congo red for demonstration of tissue eosinophils and toluidine blue shows better staining intensity for mast cells than thionin. Conclusion: We conclude that both inflammatory cells i.e. number of tissue eosinophils and mast cell infiltration is increased in OSCC. Special stains (carbol chromotrope and toluidine blue) are inexpensive and time saving rapid process for microscopic evaluation of infiltration of immunological cells (tissue eosinophil and mast cell) in tumour stroma.