The unnecessary application of central venous catheterization in surgical patients / A aplicação desnecessária de cateterização venosa central em pacientes cirúrgicos

Abstract Background and objectives Perioperative physicians occasionally encounter situations where central venous catheters placed preoperatively turn out to be unnecessary. The purpose of this retrospective study is to identify the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement and determine the factors associated with the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Methods Using data from institutional perioperative central venous catheter surveillance, we analysed data from 1,141 patients who underwent central venous catheter placement. We reviewed the central venous catheter registry and medical charts and allocated registered patients into those with the proper or with unnecessary application of central venous catheter according to standard indications. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Results In 107 patients, representing 9.38% of the overall population, we identified the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Multivariate analysis identified emergencies at night or on holidays (odds ratio [OR] 2.109, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.021-4.359), low surgical risk (OR = 1.729, 95% CI 1.038-2.881), short duration of anesthesia (OR = 0.961/10 min increase, 95% CI 0.945-0.979), and postoperative care outside of the intensive care unit (OR = 2.197, 95% CI 1.402-3.441) all to be independently associated with the unnecessary application of catheterization. Complications related to central venous catheter placement when the procedure consequently turned out to be unnecessary were frequently observed (9/107) compared with when the procedure was necessary (40/1034) (p = 0.032, OR = 2.282, 95% CI 1.076-4.842). However, the subsequent multivariate logistic model did not hold this significant difference (p = 0.0536, OR = 2.115, 95% CI 0.988-4.526). Conclusions More careful consideration for the application of central venous catheter is required in cases of emergency surgery at night or on holidays, during low risk surgery, with a short duration of anesthesia, or in cases that do not require postoperative intensive care.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo No perioperatório, os médicos ocasionalmente encontram situações nas quais um cateter venoso central colocado pré-operativamente se revela desnecessário. O objetivo deste estudo retrospectivo foi identificar a colocação desnecessária de um cateter venoso central e determinar os fatores associados à colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. Métodos Com os dados da vigilância institucional de cateter venoso central no período perioperatório, analisamos 1.141 pacientes submetidos à colocação de cateter venoso central. Revisamos o registro de cateter venoso central e os prontuários médicos e alocamos os pacientes registrados entre aqueles com colocação adequada ou desnecessária de cateter venoso central, de acordo com as indicações padronizadas. Uma análise multivariada foi usada para identificar os fatores associados à colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. Resultados Em 107 pacientes, que representaram 9,38% da população global, identificamos a colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. A análise multivariada identificou emergências à noite ou em feriados (razão de chances [OR] 2,109; 95% de intervalo de confiança [IC 95%] 1,021-4,359), baixo risco cirúrgico (OR = 1,729; IC 95%: 1,038-2,881), curta duração da anestesia (OR = 0,961/10 min de aumento; IC 95%: 0,945-0,979) e assistência pós-operatória fora da unidade de terapia intensiva (OR = 2,197; IC 95%: 1,402-3,441), todos independentemente associados à aplicação desnecessária de cateterização. Complicações relacionadas à colocação de cateter venoso central, quando esse procedimento revelou-se desnecessário, foram frequentemente observadas (9/107), em comparação com a necessidade da execução desse procedimento (40/1.034) (p = 0,032, OR = 2,282; IC 95%: 1,076-4,842). Porém, o modelo logístico multivariável subsequente não manteve essa diferença significativa (p = 0,0536, OR = 2,1515; IC 95%: 0,988-4,526). Conclusão É preciso que uma análise mais cuidadosa seja feita sobre a colocação de cateter venoso central em casos de cirurgia de emergência à noite ou em feriados, durante cirurgia de baixo risco, em anestesia de curta duração ou em casos que não requeiram terapia intensiva no pós-operatório.

Percutaneous Treatment of a Primary Pancreatic Hydatid Cyst Using a Catheterization Technique

Primary pancreatic hydatid cysts are rare and its percutaneous treatment and catheterization technique has, to the best of our knowledge, not been published in literature. A 33-year-old male patient who presented with abdominal pain was evaluated by ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography examinations. Both examinations revealed a cyst in the neck of the pancreas. After the administration of albendazole chemoprophylaxis, the patient underwent diagnostic puncture showing high pressure spring water which harbored the scoleces and was treated percutaneously by the catheterization technique. In this technique, first the cyst was punctured, the fluid content aspirated, the radiocontrast material injected to see possible fistulisation, and then re-aspirated. The 20% hypertonic saline solution was injected and re-aspiration was performed to the best of our abilities, followed by the insertion of a catheter for drainage of the remaining non-aspiratable fluid content. At follow-up examination, the cyst was not visible on US after 6 months. There was no evidence of cyst recurrence or dissemination after 18 months at serologic and imaging follow-up.

A Simplified Technique of Percutaneous Hepatic Artery Port-Catheter Insertion for the Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Invasion

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the outcomes of a simplified technique for the percutaneous placement of a hepatic artery port-catheter system for chemotherapy infusion in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2003 to February 2008, percutaneous hepatic artery port-catheter insertion was performed in 122 patients who had hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein invasion. The arterial access route was the common femoral artery. The tip of the catheter was wedged into the right gastroepiploic artery without an additional fixation device. A side hole was positioned at the distal common hepatic artery to allow the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into the hepatic arteries. Coil embolization was performed only to redistribute to the hepatic arteries or to prevent the inadvertent delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into extrahepatic arteries. The port chamber was created at either the supra-inguinal or infra-inguinal region. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in all patients. Proper positioning of the side hole was checked before each scheduled chemotherapy session by port angiography. Catheter-related complications occurred in 19 patients (16%). Revision was achieved in 15 of 18 patients (83%). CONCLUSION: This simplified method demonstrates excellent technical feasibility, an acceptable range of complications, and is hence recommended for the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis.

Angiographic Diagnosis and Interventional Therapy of Hepatic Abscess / 介入放射学杂志

Nine cases of hepatic abscess were diagnosed by Seldingers technigue. The angiographic features consisted of 1)no hepatic artery dilatation:2)vasculas encase- ment sign:3)cavitery ring sign 4)relative low density cavity sign.Five patients with ab- scess diameter over 4era,but one,performed partial hepatic resection ended other totally four underwent percutaneous transhepatic abscess intervertional therapy,including venous puncture drainage of pus;washing vomiea;periodic retained cathertee for antibiotic and an- tiamebic therapy.All four patients were off hospital one and two weeks later:The effect of interventinal therapy is better than that of medical therapy and surgery.