Correlation Analysis Between Material Basis and Color Characteristics of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Decoction Pieces During Ancient Classical Nine-time Repeating Steaming and Sun-drying Processing / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the dynamic changes of the main chemical components and color characteristics of Polygoni Multiflori Radix（PMR） during the process of ancient classical nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying， and to explore the correlation between the changes. MethodHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the contents of gallic acid， stilbene glycoside， emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside， physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside， emodin and physcion in PMR during the process of nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying， and electronic eye technology was used to objectively characterize the color of PMR during the process. Partial least squares（PLS） was used to analyze the correlation between the content of main components and the color characteristics. ResultDuring the nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying process of PMR， the content of gallic acid gradually increased with the increase of steaming and sun-drying times， and the contents of other components showed fluctuating changes， with an overall decreasing trend in the contents of stilbene glycoside， emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside， and an overall increasing trend in the contents of emodin and physcion. The results of electronic eye analysis showed that the color of PMR became dark， red and blue in the process of nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA） and principal component analysis（PCA） of the contents of six main components and the colors showed that the samples steamed and sun-dried for one to four times could be grouped into one category， the other five categories of samples could be grouped into another category. Gallic acid and stilbene glycoside were significantly correlated with the color indexes of PMR during the process of nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying. ConclusionThe general changes of material basis and color characteristics of PMR during the process of ancient classical nine-time repeating steaming and sun-drying have certain rules， and the establishment of the correlation model between color and index components can realize the judgment and quality evaluation of processing degree of PMR decoction pieces.

Experience in Application of the Lotus Medicinal Herbs for Female Reproductive System Diseases / 中医杂志

As one of notable works of HUANG Yuanyu， a renowned physician from the Qing Dynasty， The Indications of Classics by Four Medical Sage emphasize the theoretical paradigm of “one qi circulation” with a particular focus on the middle qi. Building upon disease differentiation and treatment， HUANG Yuanyu attaches great importance to understanding the underlying cause of the disease. It is believed that the imbalance of the six climatic factors is the fundamental cause of diseases. The concept of mutual interaction between the physiological and pathological aspects of the six climatic factors is proposed to grasp the basic pathogenesis. Based on the individual's specific condition of six climatic factors， excess or deficiency， specific prescriptions are formulated. The diagnosis and treatment system can be summarized as a “differentiation of diseases → disease etiology → differentiation of the condition of six climatic factors → individualized pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） → prescription of TCM” model based on the holistic view. HUANG Yuanyu' s diagnosis and treatment system is highly practical and can provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases in TCM.

Competency-oriented teaching of TCM clinical classic thinking / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) classic clinical thinking and its application are essential for the improvement of clinical competency of TCM students. At present, it has a low proportion of students who can skillfully use classic theories and prescriptions. Therefore, the formation of TCM classics teaching model and method which can effectively improve the ability of TCM classic thinking and practical application has become a strong help to improve students' competency. On the basis of clearly transforming the application of TCM classic clinical thinking into teaching goal, the reform of TCM classic teaching increases the guidance of skill knowledge and values by adjusting the proportion of teaching content and developing "classic morning reading", enhance the guidance of skills and values and consolidate the mastery of memorial knowledge, and adopts progressive three-stage classic teaching method with "bisection classroom" as the core at the same time. The results show that students' ability of memorizing and applying TCM classics has been obviously improved, and their clinical competency has been improved to a certain extent, achieving satisfactory results.

One hundred citation classics in benign anorectal disease: a bibliometric analysis of seven decades (1950-2019) / Cem clássicos de citações em doença anorretal benigna: uma análise bibliométrica de sete décadas (1950-2019)

ABSTRACT Background & aim Bibliometric analysis is used to explore the historical development in a particular field. The aim is to identify and analyse most cited papers in benign anorectal disease in the last 7 decades (1950-2018). Method Thomson Reuters Web of Science database was used to find the top 100 cited articles in benign anorectal conditions. Papers were independently extracted by two investigators. The top 100 cited articles were identified and ranked according to number of citations. The articles were then sorted by author, journal, institution, country and publication date. The study subject was divided into 5 groups. Results The most frequently cited article received 1307 citations whereas the least cited received 154 citations. The earliest recorded article was published in 1960 and the most recent was from 2010. More than half of the articles addressed faecal incontinence and sphincter related literature (n = 54). The articles were published in 29 different journals. A majority (69%) of manuscripts originated from the USA (n = 35; 9221 citations) and UK (n = 34; 7796 citations). The origin of these top 100 classic papers was from 53 different institutions. St. Mark's Hospital in the UK had the highest number of articles (n = 21), followed by Cleveland clinic (n = 5) and University of Minnesota (n = 5). Conclusion The most highly cited manuscripts in benign anorectal disease cover a wide range of topics. Faecal incontinence and sphincter related articles had the highest number of citations. This review serves as a reference for researchers to find the influential papers in this field.

RESUMO Justificativa e objetivo A análise bibliométrica é usada para explorar o desenvolvimento histórico em um campo específico. O objetivo é identificar e analisar os artigos mais citados em doença anorretal benigna nas últimas 7 décadas (1950-2018). Método A base de dados Thomson Reuters Web of Science foi usada para encontrar os 100 artigos mais citados em doenças anorretais benignas. Os artigos foram extraídos de forma independente por dois pesquisadores. Os 100 artigos mais citados foram identificados e classificados de acordo com o número de citações. Os artigos foram classificados por autor, revista médica, instituição, país e data de publicação. Os sujeitos do estudo foram divididos em cinco grupos. Resultados O artigo mais citado recebeu 1.307 citações, enquanto o menos citado recebeu 154 citações. O artigo mais antigo foi publicado em 1960 e o mais recente a partir de 2010. Mais da metade dos artigos abordou a incontinência fecal e a literatura relacionada ao esfíncter (n = 54). Os artigos foram publicados em 29 revistas diferentes. A maioria (69%) dos manuscritos é originária dos EUA (n = 35; 9.221 citações) e do Reino Unido (n = 34; 7.796 citações). Os 100 artigos clássicos mais citados são originários de 53 instituições diferentes. O St. Mark's Hospital, no Reino Unido, teve o maior número de artigos (n = 21), seguido pela Clínica de Cleveland (n = 5) e pela Universidade de Minnesota (n = 5). Conclusão Os manuscritos mais citados em doença anorretal benigna abrangem uma grande variedade de tópicos. Os artigos relacionados à incontinência fecal e ao esfíncter tiveram o maior número de citações. Esta revisão serve de referência para os pesquisadores encontrarem os artigos influentes nesse campo.

Gerontología: un mirada bibliométrica de las citaciones clásicas en Web Of Science (1975-2018) / Gerontology: a bibliometric look at classical citations in Web Of Science (1975-2018)

Resumen La gerontología es comprendida como un enfoque interdisciplinario que aborda el proceso de envejecimiento y vejez. El presente artículo caracteriza la evolución de la investigación en el campo gerontológico durante los últimos 44 años a través de un análisis bibliométrico de los trabajos de mayor impacto en el área. Se revisaron 94 publicaciones de la colección principal de la Web of Science (WoS) de Thomson Reuters en el periodo 1975-2018. Se analizan las publicaciones y su evolución longitudinal, el acoplamiento de documentos clásicos, áreas de investigación, autores y co-autorías, revistas y países. Se concluye que Estados Unidos es el país que reúne la mayor cantidad de publicaciones, citas y revistas de difusión de textos clásicos.

Abstract Gerontology is understood as an interdisciplinary approach that addresses the process of aging and old age. The present article characterizes the evolution of research in the gerontological field during the last 44 years through a bibliometric analysis of the works of greatest impact in the area. Ninety-four publications were reviewed from the main collection of the Web of Science (WoS) by Thomson Reuters in the period 1975-2018. The publications and their longitudinal evolution, the coupling of classic documents, research areas, authors and co-authors, journals and countries are analyzed. It is concluded that the United States is the country with the largest number of publications, citations and journals disseminating classical texts.

Chinese medicine theory research on syndrome new drug development--research on intervention modes of Chinese medicine based on ancient literature / 中国中药杂志

Disputes about the research and development of syndrome traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) new drug in Guidance for syndrome TCM new drug development still exist, including the fact that it is unclear whether the compound TCM preparations just targeting a sort of syndrome is in line with the TCM theory and that it is obscure what are clinical advantages of syndrome new drug as compared with new drug targeting both disease and syndrome. Based on TCM classical theory, dating back to intervention opinions of successive dynasties, theory of three-dimensional N levels was proposed from the aspects of intervention modes, intervention latitudes and formulae to illustrate that the syndrome TCM new drug is in line with TCM theory. As for the first dimension, the intervention modes of TCM could be classified into targeting disease, targeting pathology and targeting symptoms, and the basic elements were extracted as constitution, disease, pathogenesis, pathology, location, symptoms, Western medicine pathology and Western medicine indicators. Among them, the mode targeting TCM constitution and the mode targeting pathology provided the theoretical possibility of TCM syndrome new drug, while the mode targeting disease was suitable for disease syndrome new drug. As for the second dimension, the intervention latitudes were summarized, including Yin-Yang, Qi-blood-body fluid, viscera, meridian, tri-jiao, Wei-Qi-Ying-blood, six channels, and local part. The relatively broad latitudes such as Yin-Yang, Qi-blood-body fluid, and meridian might be suitable for the development of TCM syndrome new drug. As for the third dimension, the TCM formulae could be divided into four types according to the range of indications, including broad indications, viscera pathogenesis indications, disease-targeting indications and symptom-targeting indications. The first two types were suitable for TCM syndrome new drug development, while the disease-targeting indication type fit for disease-syndrome new drug. According to theory of three dimensional N levels, the clinical orientation of syndrome TCM new drugs and their advantages over disease-syndrome new drugs were as follows: syndrome TCM new drugs may be considered for novel disease without clear basic pathogenesis or advance regulation, complicated diseases, complicating diseases, geriatric disease and ba-lancing TCM constitution.

Characteristics of American Scholars' Research on Chinese Medical Classics and Their Contributions / 中国结合医学杂志

Chinese medical classics are important carriers for the inheritance, innovation and development of academic thoughts of Chinese medicine (CM), containing rich thoughts on diagnosis and treatment as well as therapeutic principles of CM. The international exchange of CM has a very long history. With the development of society, Western scholars in modern times are deepening their researches on Chinese medical classics. This would provide a new way for promoting CM in Western countries to investigate researches made by famed American scholars and their academic viewpoints.

A Review On Anti-diabetic Diet In Ayurveda Classics

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type2 DM) is affecting millions of people globally it is estimated that 425 million people (20–79 years of age) suffer from DM. Complications of DM can be simply prevented through lifestyle modifications and dietary interventions with good glycemic control. Aim and Objectives: This literal review is to compile whether standard Ayurveda Classics adequately mention the details of Anti Diabetic Diet (Padhyapadhyas in Pramehi). Life style modification and dietary interventions are remarkable in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayurvedic literature also. In this article review of Ayurvedic classical literatures is done to compile and analyze diabetic diet and its applications in detail. Materials and Methods: Standard textbooks of Ayurveda especially Bruhathrayis- Soothrasthanas and Chikitsasthanas of Ashtangahrudayam by Vagbhata, Charaka Samhitha by Punarvasu Athreya and Susrutha Samhitha by Lord Dhanwanthari, were analyzed to make conclusions on diabetic diet regimes to control Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Results:-Dietary advises given in Ayurveda classics are in a systematic way from cereals to different food items which can be utilized for diet plan in Type II Diabetes Mellitus with the help of current knowledge of glycemic index and glycemic load. Conclusion: This review article concentrates on the needy and uniform source of information regarding Anti-diabetic diet. On the base of this review conclusions were made on Ayurvedic dietary interventions in diabetes to get better results.

The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología: A Bibliometric Analysis / Cincuentenario de la Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología: un análisis bibliométrico

Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología (RLP) journal in commemoration of its fiftieth anniversary in order to discover its evolution as a journal and its scientific production. We extracted a dataset from the Web of Science's principal collection from 1975 to 2017. This contained a total sample of 2,163 scientific documents, which were processed using Excel and SciMat programmes. The bibliometric indicators used were H-Classics, TC2, identification of the most commonly cited authors and journals, and references. We used Lotka's Law to analyse research productivity. Results showed that the content included 48.6% scientific articles and 42.1% book reviews. Spain had the highest number of articles published. Burrhus Skinner, Rubén Ardila, Rogelio Díaz Guerrero, and Albert Bandura were the most commonly cited authors. Analyses revealed certain strengths of and challenges faced by the RLP. Future research should compare these results with journals from other countries.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología (RLP) en el marco del cincuentenario de su creación con el propósito de conocer la evolución de la revista y su producción científica. Se construyó una base de datos extraída de la colección principal de la Web of Science del período 1975-2017 con una muestra total de 2.163 documentos científicos, los cuales fueron procesados con los programas Excel y SciMAT. Se aplicaron una serie de indicadores bibliométricos, tales como H-Classics, TC2, identificación de principales autores y revistas citantes, y también de las referencias. Además, se estudió la Ley de Lotka para estudiar la concentración de la productividad. En los resultados se destaca que 48.6% de los documentos son artículos científicos y 42.1% son reseñas de libros; España es el país con más artículos asociados. Finalmente, cabe destacar que los autores más referenciados son Buhrrus Skinner, Rubén Ardila, Rogelio Díaz Guerrero y Albert Bandura. El análisis permite visualizar algunas de las fortalezas y desafíos de la RLP. Sería interesante en futuros estudios realizar comparaciones con revistas de otros países.

Study on the Application of ZHANG Zhicong's Theory of the Combination of Wu and Gui / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To study the application of ZHANG Zhicong to the combination of Wu and Gui. [Method]Analyse the ZHANG Zhicong's explaining'Huang Di Nei Jing' and 'Shanghan Lun'and his monographs, through the theory of 'the combination of Wu and Gui'.[Result]ZHANG Zhicong's application has following traits:(l)Attach importance to the relationship of stomach and the kidney.(2)From the point of the view of Shanghan Lun, it can be summarized as'whether Shaoyin getting the warm of Yangming'. (3)The application combined with the theories of 'Zang and Fu 'and six-meridian and ' Qi and blood'.[Conclusion]ZHANG Zhicong used the theory of the combination of Wu and Gui to describe Chinese medical theory and herb and cases.lt is an inovation on theory, though it hasn't been systematized.

New Discussion on Knowledge Route and Dialectical Map of Clinical Medical Records in TCM Classics / 中国中医药信息杂志

Medical records in TCM classics refer to specific records that doctors follow in the process of clinical diagnosis of patients through clinical dialectical thinking and diagnosis and treatment. In ancient times, there are representative works of medical records, and different periods of medical writings have different ways of compiling and writing, with representative significance in the history of China. This article summarized the knowledge route and dialectical map of TCM clinical medical cases,and summed up the following conclusions:Shi Ji is the earliest record of TCM records;Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang uses medical case as evidence of clinical experience;Shang Han Jiu Shi Lun is the world's first book of narratives of medical records;Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue is the world's first systematic case compile for pediatrics;Xi Yuan Ji Lu is the world's first book of forensic medicine;Ming Yi Lei An is the world's first TCM medical case book with medical cases of different schools;Lin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi An is an important medical book of epidemiology; Gu Jin Yi An An creates comprehensive review of ancient and modern medical cases; Jing Fang Shi Yan Lu is the most representative formula records in Shang Han Lun.

Analysis of Diagnosis on TCM Pathogenesis of Disorders of Depression with Metabolic Sydrome from TCM Psychosoma Theory / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]This paper will pitch-in TCM psychosomatic theory(from Huangdi Neijing),exploring the disorders of depression with the metabolic syndrome and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine,so as to provide effective ideas for the treatment of depression with metabolic syndrome.[Methods]:Through expansion on traditional chinese medicine's basic understanding of depression with metabolic syndrome,utilizing basic TCM viscera-state theory, from the causes of this disease,key factors,pathogenesis transformation three aspects to discuss the pathogenesis of the disease. [Results]By discussing the heart,liver,spleen function of zang-fu organs and their mutual relations in the role and impact of the disease development process, this paper thinks of the nature of disease as asthenia in origin and asthenia in superficiality,which locates in spleen,has association with heart and liver, phlegm, qi and blood stasis is the disease of pathological product of pathological factors to promote the development of the disease.Kidney would be involved in it with long course of disease.The therapy could focus on tonifying spleen,nourishing heart and soothing liver,with methods of promoting the circulation of qi,removing blood stasis and reducing phlegm,meanwhile looking out to protect kidney.[Conclusion]Disorder of depression and pathogenesis of TCM of metabolic syndrome,to guide the clinical treatment of the disease and the theory of traditional Chinese medicine development has practical significance.

Translation strategies for the titles of TCM classics through examples of titles containing modesty words / 国际中医中药杂志

Along with the frequent international communication of TCM, translation of related classics becomes increasingly important. The translation of TCM classics' titles, which reveal the content of the classics, is equally essential. Dictated by the translating principles of standardization, correspondence, readability and nationalism, the paper analyzed the translation of TCM classics' titles containing modesty words, and put forward the following translation strategies translation: The method of foreignization is preferred for the translation of titles involving heterogeneous culture in order to retain the unique TCM concept while the method of domestication is advised for the translation of titles involving elements in conflict with the target culture; In the translation of TCM classics' titles containing modesty word(s), weakening or omitting the sense of self-depreciation is proposed. The paper aimed to contribute to the standardization of TCM nomenclature translation in order to promote international dissemination of TCM classics.

The Space-time Background of Five Yun and Six Qi in Yellow Emperor's Internal Classics / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To discuss the space-time background of Five Yun and Six Qi and know the historical background of Five Yun and Six Qi theory and the time and space span.[Methods] Using the method of literature studies to interpret space-time of Yun Qi theory using Nei Jing theory from the time and space background of Six Qi of Si Tian,60 Jia Zi,Sui Li,Four Seasons,Day and Night,Heaven and Earth,Five Orientations and so on.[Results]The theory of Five Yun and Six Qi consists of 60 Jia Zi and explores the movement rule of Five Yun and Six Qi,showing rules between the celestial motion,physioclimate and human life.The theory regards heaven and earth as the space background,exploring the relationship between physioclimate and life,holding that human lives on the Qi of heaven and earth.The operation of heaven and earth creates five orientations to match different weather.Regions vary because of different Qi of heaven and earth.The same region has different Qi of Yin and Yang because of high and low.[Conclusion]The theory of correspondence between man and universe is fully reflected in Time and Space which is the basis of the theory of Yun Qi in Nei Jing.

"Exploration into Science and Philosophic Essence of ""Form and Spirit Altogether """ / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To expound the source, connotation and scientific and philosophic nature ofform and spirit altogether. [Method] With the method of human body occurrence reduction theory, by analyzing the original formand acquired spirit, the double structure of human life stated in Internal Classics, as well as the generation and growth course of organisms from Taiji system developed from Daoism, seek for the unique scientific and philosophic nature ofform and spirit altogetherfor human life survival. [Result] From integration, formation and development ofform and spirit altogether, it finds out the Taoism-generated Taiji system rule for the world evolution, the differentiation unification rule of two is made one, one is divided into two, and the popular life rule two kinds of substance synthesis into another, the same is not followed, the wise observes the same, the silly observes the difference, therefore it undoes the scientific and philosophic nature ofform and spirit altogether, showing the philosophic theory originates from common popular life rule. [Conclusion] The scientific and philosophic nature ofform and spirit altogetheris the Taoism-generated Taiji system rule for world evolution and the differentiation unification rule oftwo is made one, one is divided into two.

The present situation and countermeasures of Uighur medicine compound / 中国中药杂志

Uighur medicine compound, which created and used by Uighur nationality, is under the guidance of the Uighur medical theory system of herbal formula and dialectical use of minority nationality conventional medicines. In recent years, Uighur medicine attracted more and more attention of people which have used and were using it. Combining the history of Uighur medicine, this article summarizes the Uighur resources, medicinal materials, drugs preparation, ancient documents, and the establishment of the clinical evaluation system and so on, and then analyzes the status quo and the existing problems in Uighur medicine compound research and industry. On this basis, we put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the development of Uighur medicine.

"Wherever""Qi""Is A Phenomenon" / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] To explore the Chinese classicQiconcept and the basic meaning of Qias the final word. [Methods] Use the method of literature to collect literature materials of Qi in the ancient literature, and analyze the grammatical function of Qi and Qi in the double syllable words by the method of historical linguistics. [Results] The original meaning of Qi refers to the clouds, like all known meaning. Whether in ancient or in Huangdi Nei Jing Tai Su,Qirefers to the various phenomena, the material, the more is immaterial.Gas cannot be simply explained as subtle substance.Qiin the double syllable words affix and grammatical meaning and affixhome, with its logo on the front of the root is like, meaning of the expression can be divided into two categories: Qi before the word is a noun, used to emphasize that a noun is a phenomenon or the like on the outside and does not refer to forming structure, root noun is as the ontology. The word is not a noun, but it is also an image of the word that is emphasized in the front. [Conclusion] In the Chinese classic, Qi can refer to a variety of images, physical and nonphysical, not only to the subtle substances. To define the connotation of Qi and Qi in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine is very important for the correct understanding of ancient Chinese medical classics and to perfect the theory of modern Chinese medicine.

Five Steps Learning Method of Inner Canon of Huangdi / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] The primary objective of this article is to explore the learning method of Inner Canon of Huangdi and to improve the efficiency of studying classics of TCM. [Methods] To summarize the experience of teaching and participating in quiz of Inner Canon of Huangdi; to conclude reading, cognizing, identifying, mastering, and using into a five steps learning method; to elaborate the application and extending of every step. [Results] The five steps learning method is effective and practical, progressive and comprehensive. [Conclusions] Following the five steps learning method, learning process will be simplified, learning efficiency will be improved and learning achievement will be consolidated.

Analyze the Eighth Item of Pulse Syndrome Complex and Treatment of Miscellaneous Gynecological Diseases from Jinkui Yaolve / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective]To explore and analyze its original implication of the eighth article in Chapter 22 from Jinkui Yaolve. [Methods]Through learning the Jinkui Yaolve closely and referring to the explanations of masters of generations,base on the original text to analyze and elaborate the etiology, pathogenesis, syndromes and therapeutic principles with regard to miscellaneous gynecological diseases.[Results] The eighth item is the general program of miscellaneous gynecological diseases,its principal pathogenic factors include deficiency, stale chills and stagnation of Qi.Moreover,the deficiency plays a leading role in the pathogenesis.Through exploring deeply,I hold that the pulmonary abscess is actually the pulmonary asthenia in the second sentence.When the pathogenic factors attack the body,the triple energizers manifest different symptoms and signs.There is no difference between male and female on the conditions which is confined to the upper warmer and the middle warmer.Such symptoms as pulmonary asthenia,chill colic,hypochondriac pain and abdominal pain,aching at the Guanyuan aera below the navel, asthenic fever,scaly dry skin etc.Their special dissertation distributes in other chapters of Jinkui Yaolve.Yet,the symptoms in the lower warmer which are only seen in the female,owing to deficiency-cold,blood-stasis and stagnation.[Conclusion] In history, Jinkui Yaolve firstly puts forward pulse syndrome complex and treatment of miscellaneous gynecological diseases,the core ideas on miscellaneous gynecological diseases of Zhang Zhongjing also have reference significance for the present.

Classics textual research and using situation investigation of Tibetan medicine "Zha-xun" / 中国中药杂志

In this article the classics textual research to the origin of "Zha-xun" was carried out, the ethnobotanical research methods, the origin of visits, key informant interviews, sample collection and textual research were applied in the research. The results showed that the hypothesis of Zha-xun"s origin mainly included "source of mine", "source of feces", "source of monkey menstrual blood" in China. There were "source of fossil", "source of the plant secretion" abroad. The authors had interviewed the villagers at origin, herbalists, Tibetan doctors, herb dealers, foreign scholars for a total of 18 people, and collecting 45 batches medicinal materials. According to ancient Tibetan classics textual and Tibetan medicine doctors' views, medicinal materials were divided into the genuine and the substitutes. The genuine was identified as ancient so-called "iron" type "Zha-xun", and the substitute was fecal pellet bonding briquette. According to the field survey and literature research, "source of fossil" more in line with substance of Zha-xun was derived from the rock. As the results, the author believed that Zha-xun was the mixture of organic fossils from the rock seepage with flying squirrel, pika feces. So it is needed to be set up Zha-xun classification standard to evaluate the quality of medicinal materials. Meanwhile, it was necessary to further clarify fecal pellet substitute rationality. Above all, this article clarified the status of the use of Tibetan medicine-"Zha-xun", and laid the foundation of species systematics and quality standards research of "Zha-xun".