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Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de los extractos de Mimosa tenuiflora, Equisetum arvense, Syzygium aromaticum, Lippia graveolens y Aloe vera contra cepas bacterianas de S. mutans (ATCC700611) y S. sobrinus (ATCC33478) comparado con clorhexidina a 1200 µg/mL (0.12%) y la actividad coagulante en sangre humana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio comparativo, abierto, experimental, prospectivo y transversal in vitro. Se realizaron diluciones a 500 y 1000 µg/mL de cinco extractos y se probaron por triplicado contra microorganismos orales por medio de técnica de pozo en agar y en la evaluación de la actividad coagulante se probaron los cinco extractos por triplicado en sangre humana evaluando TP (tiempo de protrombina) y TTPa (tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activado) mediante coagulómetro. Resultados: El extracto de Lippia graveolens a 500 y 1000 µg/mL mostró un promedio de halos de inhibición sobre S. mutans de 26mm con respecto a clorhexidina a 1200 µg/mL que mostró un promedio de 15mm. Contra cepas de S. sobrinus mostraron un promedio de 19mm a 500 µg/mL y 23mm a 1000 µg/mL con respecto a 15mm de clorhexidina. El valor de TP (tiempo de protrombina) de la muestra de sangre fue 12.27 segundos, al aplicarle E. arvense y S. aromaticum ambos a 1000 µg/mL presentaron tiempos de 13.37 segundos. En cuanto al tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activada (TTPa) el valor de la muestra sin extracto fue 32.63 segundos, al aplicar M. tenuiflora a 500 µg/mL se aumentó el tiempo a 39.17 segundos. Conclusiones: Se concluye que Lippia graveolens tiene mejor efecto antibacteriano contra micrrorganismos orales y M. tenuiflora fue el extracto que aumentó por más tiempo el valor de TTPa.
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial and coagulating activity from five vegetables of ethnobotanical interest extracts (Mimosa tenuiflora, Equisetum arvense, Syzygium aromaticum, Lippia graveolens and Aloe vera). Materials and methods: It was a Comparative, open, experimental, prospective and cross-sectional study through antimicrobial evaluation of the five extracts against bacterial strains of S. mutans (ATCC700611) and S. sobrinus (ATCC33478) by means of agar well technique and an evaluation of coagulating activity by measuring TP (prothrombin time) and APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) using a coagulometer and comparing the results with those of a healthy patient. Results: It was found that the antimicrobial activity of the extracts on S. mutans at 500 and 1000ppm is statistically significant in the extracts of E. arvense and L. graveolens (p= 0.0057) and (p= 0.0000) respectively and on strains of S. sobrinus from the extracts of A. vera (p= 0.0011) and L. graveolens (p= 0.0089) in both concentrations, which show an antimicrobial effect superior to chlorhexidine. The PT patient's (prothrombin time) value was 12.27 seconds, no statistical difference was observed with a value of (p<0.05), however, E. arvense and S. aromaticum, both at 1000ppm, presented times of 13.37 seconds and at the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTPA) the value of the patient was 32.63 seconds, highlighting M. tenuiflora at 500 ppm, which presented times of 39.17 seconds. Conclusions: The extracts described above contain chemical compounds that are valuable alternatives against microorganisms and oral treatments, and it is also very important that research suggests materials and medications that are effective in the treatment of patients and that do not represent a health risk.
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Inhibitors to factor V is a rare phenomenon with varied clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic states to life-threatening bleeds. They are known to be associated with exposure to bovine thrombin, drugs, autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Establishing the diagnosis of FV inhibitors is challenging and the presence of lupus-like properties of the inhibitor can further complicate the diagnosis. Here we document an unusual case of an asymptomatic elderly female posted for pacemaker implantation and incidentally, the laboratory workup revealed a disproportionately abnormal coagulation screen. The intricacies in the diagnosis and management are discussed along with a brief review of the literature. An awareness of the diverse manifestations of this underrecognized disorder and difficulties in management is essential for medical practitioners, particularly in patients with idiopathic severe bleeding diathesis.
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Background & objectives: Haemophilia is a debilitating bleeding disorder with significant comorbidities affecting the quality of life. In India, the management of these individuals is still limited to on-demand institutional treatment with coagulant factors. In this study, we highlighted the problems faced by these patients in the COVID-19 period due to nationwide lockdown. Methods: A retrospective study was done to ascertain the trend in the number of patients with haemophilia A and B visiting the hospital, those succumbing to haemophilic complications and indications for factor requirement in the pre-COVID (October 2019-March 2020) and during the COVID-19 period (April-September 2020). Representative cases with unusual complications were described along with significant challenges faced in providing standard care of treatment to these individuals due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 818 and 162 individuals with haemophilia A and B, respectively, were registered with the department. The overall number of patient visits to the hospital significantly reduced from an average of 6.9 outpatient department (OPD) visits per patient in the pre-COVID-19 period to an average of 3.9 OPD visits per patient and admissions reduced to 50 per cent during the COVID-19 period. This led to a reduction in utilization of factors VIII and IX except VIIa for haemophilia with inhibitors. There was no factor utilization for elective surgeries during the COVID-19 period. A total of eight patients succumbed to haemophilia-related complications during the COVID-19 period due to delay in reaching the hospital. The challenges faced in the management of three cases with musculoskeletal bleeds, one case with scrotal haematoma and one with haemothorax during the COVID-19 period were also highlighted. Interpretation & conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the need for on-demand home treatment with coagulant factors and has also brought to light the existing need for primary prophylaxis, especially for younger individuals with haemophilia.
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Plasma protein products, essential drugs for various clinical diseases, are therapeutic biological products extracted from healthy human plasma. The research and development of new plasma protein products, led by United States and European, has been widely deepened and enhanced. Therefore, accelerating the development of new plasma protein products in China is of great significance. This review summarizes the research and development of plasma protein products that have been marketed abroad but have not produced in China, as well as analyzes the difficulties and prospects of the development of plasma protein products in China.
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Abstract Quality of groundwater is threatened due to pollution by industrial, domestic and agricultural waste. A large number of populations are residing in rural areas which are unable to afford high cost water purifiers due to their low income as well as limited awareness. However, limited availability of fresh water has become a critical issue in developing countries. Around 1.2 billion population is deprived of affordable and safe water for their domestic need. Additionally, chemical coagulants which are nowadays being used for water purification pose severe and numerous health hazards to human. Thus utilization of easily accessible natural coagulant for water purification might offer a sustainable, practical and cost effective solution to the current alarming situation in developing countries. Several experimental findings have shown strong efficiency of Moringa oleifera plant extracts obtained from different solvents in the improvement of water quality parameters including physicochemical (such as pH, hardness, turbidity, metallic impurities, total dissolved solid) and biological (E.coli count) parameter. We have also highlighted the limitations and advantages of chemical coagulation in water purification. Altogether, this review summarizes one such miracle tree which has shown significant potential as a natural coagulant and its associated underlying mechanism in water purification process.
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Plantas/anatomía & histología , Coagulantes (Tratamiento del Agua) , Purificación del Agua/instrumentación , Moringa oleifera/efectos adversos , Agua Potable/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/efectos adversos , Costos y Análisis de Costo/clasificación , Contaminación Ambiental/análisis , Agua Dulce/análisisRESUMEN
RESUMO O presente estudo consistiu em avaliar a eficiência dos processos de tratamento convencional de água, por meio do coagulante natural Moringa oleifera Lam, com e sem casca, para o tratamento de água bruta captada do Rio Poxim, Aracaju, SE, Brasil. Após essa avaliação, realizou-se a análise da composição química e da toxicidade do lodo. As etapas de coagulação/floculação e decantação (30 e 60 minutos) foram realizadas em jar test com o coagulante, seguidas de filtração rápida descendente. A eficácia dos coagulantes foi analisada por meio da caracterização da água nas dosagens de 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg.L-1, por meio de análises físico-químicas, englobando os parâmetros pH, cor aparente e turbidez. O lodo proveniente do tratamento, em ambas as situações em estudo, foi caracterizado em relação à composição de proteína, amido e lipídio, além de ter sido verificada a toxicidade do resíduo por intermédio do crescimento e da germinação da Lactuca sativa. Como resultado, a moringa demonstrou potencial no tratamento de água pra consumo humano, principalmente o extrato de moringa com casca, tendo como dosagem ótima 300 mg.L-1 tanto para os parâmetros de cor quanto para a turbidez. Em relação ao pH, constatou-se que os tratamentos não promoveram variação significativa em relação aos valores da água bruta. Quanto à caracterização do lodo, foi possível verificar que em sua constituição há presença tanto de lipídio quanto de proteínas e ausência de amido; além disso, seu resíduo apresentou-se como atóxico para o meio ambiente.
ABSTRACT The present study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of conventional water treatment processes using the natural coagulant Moringa oleifera Lam, with and without shell, for the treatment of raw water captured in the Poxim River, Aracaju, state of Sergipe, Brazil. After this evaluation, the chemical composition of the sludge and its toxicity was analyzed. The stages of coagulation/flocculation and decanting (30 and 60 min) were performed in jar test with the coagulant, followed by rapid descending filtration. The effectiveness of the coagulants was analyzed by the characterization of the water in dosages of 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg.L-1, according to physicochemical analyses, including the parameters pH, apparent color, and turbidity. The treatment sludge, in both situations under study, was characterized in relation to the composition of protein, starch and lipid, in addition to verifying the toxicity of the residue by the growth and germination of Lactuca sativa. As a result, moringa showed potential in the treatment of water for human consumption, mainly the extract of moringa in shell, with an optimal dosage of 300 mg.L-1 for both color and turbidity parameters. Regarding pH, the treatments did not promote significant variation in the raw water values. In terms of sludge characterization, the presence of lipids and proteins was verified, but not that of starch. In addition, the sludge residue was considered nontoxic to the environment.
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Pleurotus albidus, a naturally growing species in the Amazon region, has been considered a promising source of milk-clotting proteases. The production of such enzymes using lignocellulosic residues is a sustainable alternative to replace mammalian rennet. The application of P. albidus milk-clotting proteases in cheese making has not yet been reported in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to characterize the milk-clotting proteases of P. albidus and use these enzymes in the production of Minas frescal cheese. For the production of coagulating proteases, the mushroom was grown in açaí seeds supplemented with rice bran (10%, w/w). The parameters affecting the production of coagulant, such as inoculum size, fermentation time, initial pH of cultivation medium and age of the inoculum were evaluated. The coagulant extract obtained under optimal production conditions was evaluated for optimal pH and temperature, pH and temperature stability, effect of ions and inhibitors. Significant production of coagulating proteases was obtained under the following conditions: inoculum size (2.5%), fermentation time (10 days), initial pH of the cultivation medium (6), and inoculum age (10 days). The coagulant exhibited significant catalytic activity in pH 5.0 at 55°C, with stability at 45°C and was completely inhibited by iodoacetic acid. The milk-clotting proteases of P. albidus were efficient for making Minas frescal cheese that presented 55.0% of moisture, 20.0% of lipids and 17.20% of protein. Pleurotus albidus is a potential source of milk-clotting proteases that can be applied in dairy industry for production of fresh Minas frescal cheese.
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Agentes de Coagulación , Péptido Hidrolasas/análisis , Pleurotus/química , Queso/análisisRESUMEN
Atrial fibrillation is associated with high risk of ischaemic stroke which is considered a major fatal complication in atrial fibrillation. That’s why, anticoagulants were used to prevent this major complication. However, anticoagulants themselves are associated with their own complications. A systematic search of Embase, Medline and Google scholar were conducted. The included papers were extracted for outcomes related to the complications of each drugs. A Bayesian network meta-analysis based on Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation (MCMC) with 10000 burn-in iterations and 50000 inference iterations. We found eighteen papers that fit our inclusion criteria. Apixaban had the least risk of major bleeding compared to Warfarin [HR = 0.536, 95% (0.448, 0.652)] and the least risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. For stroke risk, the Rivaroxaban had the least risk compared to Warfarin [HR = 1.05, 95% (0.98, 1.14)]. For intracranial hemorrhage, dabigatran had the least risk of intracranial haemorrhage compared to Warfarin [HR = 0.46, 95% CrI (0.36, 0.61)]. For the thromboembolism risk, other non-vitamin k antagonist had the least risk of intracranial haemorrhage compared to Warfarin [HR = 0.523, 95% (0.095, 2.85)]. There were no conclusive results about the best anticoagulant drugs for non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Apixaban was the least among them to be associated with major bleeding, while rivaroxaban was ranked the first with least stroke complications. Furthermore, dabigatran was associated with less risk of intracranial haemorrhage compared to other anticoagulants.
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Abstract The coagulation of milk by a serin protease from Aspergillus niger NRRL3 was studied by rheology. Cheddar-type cheese was manufactured using 3.5% (v/v) of fungal enzymatic extract and fermentation-produced chymosin was used as control coagulant. Full composition and ripening of both kinds of Cheddar cheese were studied. Differences in the proteolysis of caseins, not only during cheese manufacture but also during ripening, affected cheese composition, texture and peptide profile. Microbial development during ripening was not affected by the coagulant used.
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Aspergillus niger , Fenómenos Bioquímicos , Queso , Agentes de CoagulaciónRESUMEN
Background & objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy warranting lifelong individualized management by lifestyle and pharmacological agents mainly oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). This study was aimed to report the impact of six-month OCP use on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and factor VIII (FVIII) in women with PCOS. Methods: PCOS women diagnosed on the basis of Rotterdam 2003 criteria, either treated with OCPs (ethinyl estradiol-0.03 mg, levonorgestrel-0.15 mg) for a period of six months (n=40) or drug-naïve (n=42), were enrolled in this study. Blood was drawn to estimate glucose, insulin levels and lipid profile. Chemiluminescence immunoassays were used to measure hormones (LH, FSH, PRL, T4). Plasma levels of PAI-I and FVIII were measured by commercially available kits. Results: Menstrual regularity, Ferriman-Gallwey score and serum total testosterone significantly improved in the OCP group compared to drug-naïve group (P<0.01). No significant difference was observed in PAI-1 levels of the two groups; however, significant decrease in FVIII levels was observed in OCP group as compared to drug-naïve group. PAI-1 levels of OCP group correlated positively with blood glucose two hours, triglycerides and insulin two hours, while FVIII levels of OCP group correlated negatively with fasting insulin and homoeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance. Interpretation & conclusions: OCPs use has differential effect on pro-coagulant markers among women with PCOS. Well-designed, long-term, prospective, large-scale studies are prerequisite to elucidate the efficacy and safety of OCP in the treatment of PCOS.
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RESUMO Com a crescente demanda e escassez de água são necessários esforços para viabilizar fontes alternativas de abastecimento. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar o tratamento da água cinza, associando os coagulantes químicos sulfato de alumínio e cloreto férrico para possibilitar o reúso da água tratada. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: caracterização da água cinza proveniente de lavatório e chuveiro de uma residência unifamiliar; avaliação do uso combinado de sulfato de alumínio e cloreto férrico, preparados em solução de 5%, para o tratamento da água cinza, otimizando as concentrações dos coagulantes químicos aplicando o Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional e avaliando os dados via Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta e Desejabilidade Global; e avaliação da eficiência do tratamento proposto, confrontando as dosagens ótimas determinadas com os testes em laboratório. Os resultados indicaram que a associação do sulfato de alumínio (concentração de 0,470 g.L-1) e do cloreto férrico (concentração de 0,115 g.L-1) potencializou o tratamento, atingindo uma remoção de turbidez da água cinza de até 94%. Além desses resultados, houve redução de coliformes termotolerantes e do cloro residual, possibilitando o reúso na descarga das bacias sanitárias e em processos de irrigação.
ABSTRACT With the growing demand and shortage of water, efforts are needed to enable alternative sources of supply. Thus, this work was focused on optimizing the treatment of greywater by associating the chemical coagulants aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, to enable their reuse. Therefore, the research was divided into three stages: characterization greywater from basin and shower of a single-family residence; assessing the combined use of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, prepared in 5% solution for the treatment of greywater, optimizing the concentrations of chemical coagulants applying Central Composed of Rotational Design and evaluating the data via Methodology Surface Response and Global Desirability; and evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed treatment, comparing the optimum dosages determined with laboratory tests. The results indicated that the combination of aluminum sulfate (concentration 0.470 g.L-1) and ferric chloride (concentration 0.115 g.L-1) potentiated treatment, achieving a removal of greywater turbidity of up to 94%; also, thermotolerant coliforms and residual chlorine were reduced, making it possible to reuse them in the discharge of toilets and in irrigation.
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The number of geriatric patients seeking dental service is ever-rising because of increased life expectancy, also with problem of increased chronic medical conditions. One of them are patients on anti-thrombotic medication. Bleeding complication after minor oral surgery by anti-thrombotic agents is of concerns to dentists on dental management of these patients. Risk and benefit of the anti-thrombotic agents must be weighed before initiating dental procedures, which should be established as a treatment guideline. Purpose of the paper is to optimize the management of the dental patients on anti-thrombotic medication via standardization of treatment protocol of such a patient.
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Humanos , Protocolos Clínicos , Odontólogos , Hemorragia , Esperanza de Vida , Cirugía BucalRESUMEN
A 72-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital due to chronic cough, expectoration and dyspnea for 10 years,aggravated with intermittent fever for 1 month. She was diagnosed as acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis,chronic pulmonary heart disease,cardiac function class IV,bilateral lower extremity venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia. The application of antico-agulant drugs and coagulant drugs in the patient needed to be well weighed with the methods of the bleeding score system combined with clinical assessment of actual risk of bleeding. The interactions of drugs harmful to the patient should be considered and the prognosis of the patient should also be evaluated with careful clinical thought to reduce the patient's risk.
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RESUMO A semente de Moringa oleifera é composta por proteínas catiônicas, podendo ser aplicada como eficiente coagulante na clarificação de águas para consumo humano. Objetivou-se identificar o melhor método de preparação de Moringa oleifera, o melhor tempo para sedimentação e a concentração ótima para diferentes valores de turbidez bruta. Para concentrações de 100 a 500 mg L-1, a semente foi descascada, triturada, peneirada e diluída (método 1); secada, triturada, peneirada, diluída e filtrada (método 2); triturada, peneirada, diluída e filtrada (método 3). Os ensaios de Jartest foram realizados em triplicata para cada método, em águas com turbidez de 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 UNT e a cinética de sedimentação para 30, 60, 90 e 150 min. Não houve diferenças significativas na remoção de turbidez entre os métodos de preparo pelos testes F e t de Student. No entanto, a filtração pode evitar incrustrações e incremento de matéria orgânica à água tratada (método 3). A adição de Moringa oleifera produz eficiente remoção de turbidez em águas acima de 40 UNT. O tempo máximo para sedimentação foi de 129,6 min, para remoção de turbidez em 90,5%.
ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera seeds comprise cationic proteins and can be used as efficient coagulant in the clarification of water for human consumption. The objective was to identify the best method of preparation of Moringa oleifera, the best time to sedimentation and the optimum concentration for different values of affluent turbidity. For concentrations of 100 to 500 mg L-1, seed was peeled, crushed, sieved and diluted (method 1); dried, crushed, sieved, diluted and filtered (method 2); crushed, sieved, diluted and filtered (method 3). The Jartest assays were performed in triplicate for each method in water with turbidity of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 NTU and sedimentation kinetics to 30, 60, 90 and 150 min. There were no significant differences in turbidity between the methods after F test and Student's t-test. However, the filter can prevent fouling and increase of organic matter to treated water. The use of Moringa oleifera produces efficient decrease in turbidity in waters above 40 NTU. The maximum time for sedimentation was 129.6 min, to 90.5% remove of turbidity.
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Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatments of 50 chil-dren with no history of anti-coagulation rodenticide poisoning.Methods Fifty children lacking of poisoning history were admitted to our hospital from Feb 2011 to Dec 2015,who were due to hemorrhage and finally di-agnosed as rodenticide poisoning.The clinical manifestation,characteristics of blood coagulation dysfunction, toxicology screening results and treatments of 50 cases were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 50 cases were from rural area,and denied the history of taking rodenticide by mistake.The time from the onset to ad-mission to the hospital was from 1 d to 120 d,with an average of 11.66 d.Major clinical manifestations in-cluded:34 cases(68%)of skin ecchymosis,26 cases(52%)of epistaxis,10 cases(20%)of bleeding gums and 4 cases(8%)of hematoma at the injection site,with PT 20 to over 200 s and APTT 31 to over 200 s (maximal detection value).The children were diagnosed as rodenticide poisoning when one of brodifacoum, bromadiolone,and diphacinone-sodium or combination of brodifacoum and bromadiolone were detected from their blood specimens,with an concentration of 5 to 3 270 μg/L.The diagnosed children were intravenous dripped with specific antagonist vitamin K1 and the critically ill children were added fresh frozen plasma.All children recovered from hemorrhage within 24 hours after treatment.The level of PT,APTT was close to nor-mal after 3 to 7 days of treatment,and the using of vitamin K1 was accumulated about 30 to 70 mg.The chil-dren were given maintenance treatment of vitamin K1 for three months after discharge until the condition was stable.Conclusion Commonly used rodenticide has the characteristics of fat soluble, easy to accumulate, long incubation period,and long treatment period and so on.Children with no bleeding performance have the clinical tendency of acute bleeding,prolonged PT and APTT should be considered the possibility of rodenti-cide poisoning.Blood or urine samples should be screened for toxicology as soon as possible,and meanwhile children should be given antagonist treatment with special antidote vitamin K1 until the coagulation function is stable in normal range to avoid recurrence of the illness.
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Objective To explore the clinical effect of Salvianolate for treatment of coagulant function abnormality in patients with septic shock.Methods One hundred and fifty-two septic shock patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Department of Critical Care Medicine,Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital from January 2007 to June 2016 were enrolled,and they were divided into a control group (67 cases) and a Salvianolate group (85 cases) by random number table.In the control group,conventional western medicine treatment was given,while in Salvianolate group,besides conventional treatment,additionally,Salvianolate 200 mg intravenous drip was applied daily for consecutive 10 days.The levels of D-dimer and platelet count (PLT) were examined on the 1st,3rd,7th,10th day after admission;disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) incidence and mortality were observed in 10 days after admission in the two groups.Results The levels of D-dimer were significantly lower in the Salvianolate group than those of the control group on 3,7,10 days after admission (mg/L:3 days was 9.14 ± 2.25 vs.18.42 ± 3.15,7 days was 6.71 ± 1.49 vs.14.57 ± 1.81,10 days was 1.01-± 0.20 vs.4.79-± 0.81,all P ＜ 0.01).In both groups,on the first day after admission the level of PLT began to decrease,on the 3th,7th day the levels were lowered significantly,and on the 10th day,the level of PLT was elevated;in the Salvianolate group,the levels of PLT were obviously higher on the 3rd,7th,10th day after admission than those of the control group [PLT (x 109/L) 3 days after admission:67.05-± 7.76 vs.40.97 ± 6.51,7 days:67.24 ± 6.35 vs.32.06 ± 5.13,10 days:90.18 ± 11.42 vs.59.04 ± 6.57,all P ＜0.01].The DIC incidence and mortality were significantly lower in the Salvianolate group than those of the control group [DIC incidence:12.94％ (11/85) vs.38.8％ (26/67),mortality:5.88％ (5/85) vs.29.85％ (20/67),both P ＜0.01].Conclusions Coagulant function abnormality was found in most patients with septic shock.The cause of PLT decreasing is mainly due to micro-vascular thrombosis that consumes a lot of PLT.Early intervention with Salvianolate in such patients can inhibit thrombosis,block the exhaustion of PLT and correct the coagulant function abnormality with certain efficacy in the patients.
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Objective To observe the change of serum homocysteine (Hcy) ,plasma von willebrand factor (vWF) and whole blood tissue factor procoagulant activity (TF-PCA) within 48 h of onset in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Meth-ods The relevant instrument was adopted to detect the level of serum Hcy ,plasma vWF and whole blood TF-PCA in 300 CHD pa-tients and 100 individuals undergoing the healthy physical examination ,and then the statistical analysis was performed.Three hundreds cases of CHD were divided into the stable angina group (SAP group ,n= 96) ,unstable angina group (UAP group ,n=100) and acute myocardial infarction group (AMI group ,n=104).Results The Hcy ,vWF and TF-PCA levels in the CHD patients were higher than those in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (PUAP group> SAP group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The vWF and TF-PCA levels in the AMI group and UAP group were higher than those in the SAP group with statistical difference (P<0.05).The Hcy level in SAP ,UAP and AMI patients complicated with diabetes and hypertension was significantly increased compared with the patients without complicating di-abetes and hypertension ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The vWF and TF-PCA levels had statistical differ-ence between the UAP group and AMI group(P<0.05).Conclusion Routinely detecting the levels of Hcy ,vWF and TF-PCA has an important clinical value for the diagnosis and curative effect observation in the patients with CHD.
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Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) has become a major threat to global peace and security. Since 1976, when Ebola virus was discovered, over 20 outbreaks have been reported. Most of these outbreaks occurred in rural areas of East and Central Africa. But the current 2014 outbreak, which started in Guinea in March 2014, spread to Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Senegal and Mali, and traveled beyond Africa into Europe and US. Thus far, there have been no approved therapeutics and preventive vaccines and hence response is limited to supportive care, barrier nursing, and management of patient complications. Spurred by the global threat, research has identified promising drug candidates against the disease. This review presents the current status of promising drug candidates against EVD. The current development status of the experimental drugs ZMapp, TKM-Ebola, Favipiravir (T-705 or Avigan), AVI 6002, BCX 4430 and Brincidofovir (CMX-001) is given. In the absence of licensed drugs, these first generation anti-Ebola virus experimental drugs, which are currently in phase 1 clinical trial, were administered to a limited number of healthcare workers during the current EVD outbreak.
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Objective To study inhibitory effect of serine protease activity by Ulinastatin in vitro .Methods Different chromogenic peptides were designed and synthesized.Highly sensitive fluorescence detection was performed to optimize the concentration of each serine proteases and their chromogenic substrates.Multi-point method was used for the calculation of half maximal inhibitory concentration of Ulinastatin .ResuIts Ulinastain could inhibit Polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase ( PMNE ) and plasmin with IC50 lower than 100 U/mL.For factor Xa, and Kallikrein, the IC50 of Ulinastatin was higher than 1000U/mL.No thrombin IC50 could be calculated at the present experiments.ConcIusion Similar to Ulinastatin injection from Japan, domestic Ulinastatin shows the strongest inhibitory effects on PMNE among those serine proteases.As important references, this study gives reliable data for dose range of domestic Ulinastatin in anti-inflammation, coagulation/anti-coagulation and anti-shock therapy.
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Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and inlfuencing factors in the newborns with coagulant function abnormality in the ifrst 24 hours after birth. Methods The coagulation test results and clinical data of 169 newborns in our hospital were studied. Children receiving anticoagulant therapy were assigned as coagulation abnormalities group (n=76) and other healthy newborns were assigned as control group (n=93). The differences of coagulation function between the two groups were analyzed and the inlfuencing factors of coagulation abnormalities were explored. Results The proportions of fetal distress, pneumonia, acidosis and hypothermia of coagulation abnormalities group were signiifcantly higher than that of the control group (χ2=6.18–38.01, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that fetal distress (OR=12.06, 95%CI:3.71–39.25), pneumonia (OR=4.10, 95%CI: 1.43–11.74) were the high risk factors for coagulant function abnormality, and the differences were statistically signiifcant (both P<0.05). Conclusions Fetal distress, pneumonia were the high risk factors for coagulant function abnormality. Early prevention can help to reduce the incidence of neonatal hemorrhagic disease.