Effects of Low Birth Weight Babies on Cochlear Function In Newborns at Dr Soetomo Hospital Surabaya

@#Introduction: The prevalence of hearing loss ranges from 1 to 3 per 1000 live births and 2-4 per 100 high-risk babies as in low birth weight babies. Hearing screening in all newborns has not been fully implemented at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya so this research is expected to be the basis for hearing screening in all babies born especially low birth weight babies (LBW). The objective of the study was to predict the effect of low birth weight babies on impaired cochlear function in newborns. Methods: Cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019 in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The subjects of this study were infants aged 2-28 days old in the nursery. Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) was used to examineselected babies who fulfilled the selection criteria. Results: Twenty babies (≥2500 gram) and 20 babies (<2500 grams) were selected in this study. The proportion of cochlear dysfunction in infants with birth weights <1500 grams and 1500-2500 grams in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya was 50% and 35.7%. In multivariate analysis birth weight <1500 and birth weight 1500-2499 had a risk respectively 2.06 (95% Confidence Interval 0.08-48.26 P = 0.653) and 1.20 (95% Confidence Interval 0.07-20.34 P = 0.899) respectively. The proportion of cochlear dysfuntion in babies with birth weight ≥2500 grams is the highest which is 65 %. Conclusion: In this study Low Birth Weight Babies have a risk of 35.7 % of impaired cochlear function We would recommend DPOAE as screening method in all babies at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya which is continued by second screening examination within one month on high risk babies and failed first test.

Função coclear em escolares expostos aos agrotóxicos / Cochlear function in students exposed to pesticides

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a magnitude da associação entre a exposição a agrotóxicos e o risco de alteração da função coclear de estudantes expostos a agrotóxicos. Método Neste estudo, foram avaliados indivíduos entre 8-30 anos, de ambos os gêneros, residentes em área de intensa utilização de agrotóxicos no município de Nova Friburgo, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Cada participante do estudo respondeu a um questionário para aferir o grau de exposição a agrotóxicos. Para avaliação da função coclear, foram realizados os exames de audiometria, emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente (EOAET) e por produto de distorção (EOAPD). Resultados As respostas das EOAET foram, em média, menores nas altas frequências, especialmente 2,0 e 4,0 kHz, e, nestas frequências, também menores entre os indivíduos mais expostos. Padrão similar foi observado para as respostas das EOAPD. Para estas, o menor nível de resposta foi observado na frequência de 6 kHz, no grupo com maior escore de exposição. A proporção de falhas observadas em mais de uma frequência nas EOAET, na OD, no grupo de maior exposição, foi significativamente superior àquela observada no grupo menos exposto. No teste das EOAPD, o percentual de falhas também foi superior no grupo de maior exposição, quando comparado ao de menor exposição. Conclusão Os resultados sugerem que a exposição a agrotóxicos pode contribuir significativamente para alterações da função coclear de indivíduos com limiares audiométricos ainda preservados.

ABSTRACT Purpose To estimate the degree of association between exposure to pesticides and the risk of alteration in cochlear function in students exposed to pesticides. Methods This study evaluated individuals aged 8 to 30, of both genders, residing in an area of heavy pesticide use in the town of Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro State. Each study participant answered a questionnaire to assess their degree of pesticide exposure. To evaluate cochlear function, audiometry exams were performed, including transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Results The TEOAE responses were on average lower at higher frequencies, especially at 2.0 and 4.0 kHz, and lower at these frequencies among the most exposed individuals. A similar pattern was observed for DPOAE responses. The lowest response level in the DPOAE tests was observed at the frequency of 6 kHz in the group with the highest exposure score. The proportion of failures observed at more than one frequency in the TEOAE tests on the right ear was significantly higher in the highest exposure group when compared to the lowest exposure group. In the DPOAE test, the rate of failure was also greater in the group with highest exposure when compared to that of lowest exposure. Conclusion The results suggest that exposure to pesticides can significantly contribute to alterations in cochlear function in individuals with preserved audiometric thresholds.

Cochlear function in patients with obstructive sleepapnear-hypopnea syndrome / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective: To investigate the cochlear function of the patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) by using ABR.Methods: 40 patients with OSAHS(80 ears) admitted from February 2004 to September 2004 were divided into two subgroups: mild OSAHS group(11 cases) and moderate and severe OSAHS group(29 cases)according to the value of AHI.Each group was tested by Auditory brainstem response(ABR).The latencies of wave Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴand the interpeak latency intervals of waveⅠ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ were measured.The obtained results of the two subgroups were respectively compared with the normal values.Results: The latencies of waveⅠ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ and the interpeak latency intervals of wave Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅰ-Ⅴin the moderate and severe OSAHS subgroup were prolonged compared with the normal control values,and the difference was significant statistically.The latencies of waveⅠ、Ⅲ in the moderate and severe OSAHS subgroup were significantly prolonged compared with those in the mild OSAHS subgroup.But there was no statistical change in the latencies of wave Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴand the interpeak latency intervals of waveⅠ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴin the mild OSAHS subgroup as compared with the normal control values.Conclusion: Cochlear function can be impaired in patients with moderate and severe OSAHS,and ABR can be taken as a monitor index to observe whether OSAHS affects cochlear function or not.