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Introducción: La prejubilación se define como una etapa de la vida donde convergen factores biológicos, psicológicos, sociales, culturales, espirituales y ambientales que preparan al individuo para un cambio global y profundo. Objetivo: Precisar mediante el tratamiento psicológico inclusivo los cambios ocurridos en el proceso cognoscitivo del pensamiento y las modificaciones obtenidas en la esfera emocional en el grupo intervenido. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental en el Policlínico Docente «Marta Abreu», de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, en el período de enero de 2017 a febrero de 2019. Se emplearon procedimientos, métodos y técnicas con la aplicación de esta modalidad terapéutica en un grupo estudio de 200 personas prejubilables, de 55 a 65 años de edad. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos-matemáticos. Se aplicaron técnicas psicológicas antes del tratamiento psicológico inclusivo, y después de este, en el grupo estudio y en el grupo control. Resultados: Fueron muy reveladores en el grupo estudio, y se registraron cambios muy significativos en los procesos intelectuales, en el pensamiento lógico verbal, práctico constructivo y rumiativo; además estados emocionales ansioso bajo y depresivo leve, autoestima alta, y notable mejoría en la vulnerabilidad al estrés. En el grupo control no se reflejaron cambios favorables. Conclusiones: El tratamiento psicológico inclusivo resultó efectivo por el logro de cambios positivos en el estado cognitivo-emocional-conductual en personas prejubilables del grupo estudio. La aplicación de las estrategias de desactivación fisiológica, cognitivas, reflexivo vivenciales, informativas, así como las habilidades de conductas de afrontamiento, las acciones de mantenimiento y generalización y las ayudas paliativas y moderadoras de estrés en la atención a personas prejubilables, constituyó un novedoso recurso terapéutico.
Introduction: pre-retirement is defined as a stage of life where biological, psychological, social, cultural, spiritual and environmental factors converge to prepare the individual for a global and profound change. Objective: to determine, through the inclusive psychological treatment, the changes occurred in the cognitive process of thinking and the modifications obtained in the emotional sphere in the intervened group. Methods: a quasi-experimental study was carried out at "Marta Abreu" Teaching Polyclinic in Santa Clara, Villa Clara from January 2017 to February 2019. Procedures, methods and techniques were used with the application of this therapeutic modality in a study group of 200 pre-retired people aged 55 to 65 years old. Theoretical, empirical, statistical and mathematical methods were used. Psychological techniques were applied before and after the inclusive psychological treatment in the study and control groups. Results: they very revealing in the study group, and very significant changes were registered in intellectual processes as well as in verbal-logical, practical-constructive and ruminative thinking; also low anxious and mild depressive emotional states, high self-esteem, and notable improvement in vulnerability to stress. No favorable changes were reflected in the control group. Conclusions: the inclusive psychological treatment was effective in achieving positive changes in the cognitive, emotional and behavioural state in pre-retired people from the study group. The application of physiological deactivation, cognitive, experiential, reflective, and informative strategies, as well as coping behavioural skills, maintenance and generalization actions and palliative and moderating stress aids in the care of pre-retired people constituted a novel therapeutic resource.
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Escala de Memoria de Wechsler , Alianza TerapéuticaRESUMEN
Introduction The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has affected the entire population, especially vulnerable people with risk factors, such as people over 65 years. Globally and nationally, health protection measures were established to reduce transmission and the impact of the disease on the healthcare system, such as using face masks, hand washing, and social distancing, among others. This led to restrictions on activities outside the home, which affected the cognitive sphere of the population, especially people over 65 years of age. Objective To demonstrate that social isolation causes changes in the cognitive status of people over 65 years of age. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted from 2019 to 2020, with the participation of 37 older adults in a parish club of support activities who voluntarily agreed to participate by signing the informed consent form. The Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination was administered to all of them at two points in the study: before the pandemic and after six months of strict social isolation established as a control measure for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We looked for cognitive status differences during this period and studied qualitative-quantitative sociodemographic variables. Results The club members were older people, predominantly women. Mean age of the participants was 75.4 years; 89.2% had little schooling (less than ten years of formal education). Identified prevalent diseases were arterial hypertension and type-2 diabetes mellitus. In the first evaluation, six out of thirty-seven participants had slight cognitive deficits (16.2%), all females; there were no cases of cognitive impairment; the rest had normal cognitive status (31 out of 37, or 83.8%). After the second evaluation (at the end of strict isolation due to the pandemic), we observed that 11 (29.7%) participants had slight cognitive deficits (ten female and one male), which represents an increase of 13.5%. In addition, four participants (10.8%) showed mild cognitive impairment, all females. Such changes were statistically significant (p-value < 0.05). We conclude that social isolation due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was related to changes in the cognitive status of the elderly.
Introducción La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, ha afectado a toda la población, especialmente a personas vulnerables y con factores de riesgo, como las personas mayores de 65 años. A nivel mundial y nacional se establecieron medidas de protección sanitaria como medio para reducir la transmisión y el impacto de la enfermedad en el sistema de salud como uso de mascarilla, lavado de manos, distanciamiento social, entre otros. Esto generó restricciones en las actividades fuera del hogar, lo que afectó el aspecto cognitivo de la población, especialmente a las personas mayores de 65 años. Objetivo Demostrar que el aislamiento social genera cambios en el estado cognitivo de las personas mayores de 65 años. Metodología Se realizó un estudio longitudinal en el periodo de 2019 a 2020, con la participación de 37 personas mayores pertenecientes a un club parroquial de actividades de apoyo, quienes aceptaron participar voluntariamente mediante firma del consentimiento informado. A todos se les aplicó el en dos momentos del estudio: previo a la pandemia y al cabo de seis meses del aislamiento social estricto establecido como medida de control de la pandemia por SARS- CoV-2. En dicho período se buscaron diferencias en el estado cognitivo y también se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas cuali-cuantitativas. Resultados Los integrantes del club son personas mayores, predominantemente mujeres. El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 75,4 años; el 89,2% tenía escolaridad baja (menos de 10 años de educación). Las enfermedades prevalentes identificadas fueron: hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo-2. En la primera evaluación se observó que 6 de 37 participantes presentaron ligero déficit cognitivo (16,2%), todas de sexo femenino; no hubo casos con deterioro cognitivo; los demás tuvieron estado cognitivo normal (31 de 37, es decir 83,8%). Tras la segunda evaluación (al finalizar el aislamiento estricto por la pandemia), se observó que 11 (29,7%) personas registraron ligero déficit cognitivo (10 mujeres y 1 hombre), lo que implica un incremento de 13,5%. Además, se identificaron cuatro casos (10,8%) de los participantes que presentaron deterioro cognitivo leve, todas fueron de sexo femenino. Tales cambios fueron estadísticamente significativos (valor p < 0,05). Se concluye que el aislamiento por la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 está relacionado con cambios en el estado cognitivo de las personas mayores.
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【Objective:】 To investigate the cognition, attitude and influencing factors of hospice care among high school students in Guangzhou, and to provide basis for improving the understanding level of hospice care and death education among adolescents. 【Methods:】 A total of 226 questionnaires were collected by convenient sampling and questionnaire survey. The questionnaire covered two parts: basic information of the respondents, cognition and attitude towards hospice care (including four dimensions: basic knowledge of hospice care, knowledge of pain control, attitude and thought of hospice care, and attitude towards hospice care education). Excel software was used to preliminary screen, preprocess and establish database of data. SPSS21.0 was used for statistical analysis. T-test and ANOVA were used for difference analysis, multiple linear regression was used for correlation analysis. 【Results:】 High school students had a basic understanding of hospice care. Among the four dimensions of basic knowledge of hospice care, knowledge of pain control, attitude and thought of hospice care, and attitude towards hospice care education, the cognition of "knowledge of pain control" dimension was the weakest link, and the entry of "attitude and thought of hospice care" had the highest score, which was the strong cognitive link. 【Conclusion:】 The main influencing factors of high school students’ cognition of hospice care were family structure, family residence and whether they have understood hospice care. This paper recommended that schools should add medical humanities education courses related to hospice and death education, and cooperate with hospice care centers to carry out hospice care experience practices. It was also suggested that relevant departments or organizations should make full use of mainstream media, such as online media and WeChat public accounts, to strengthen the popularity and popularization of hospice care education and science popularization from multiple channels and aspects, and improve the level and quality of hospice care education for young people.
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ABSTRACT. Due to the increase in the population of the elderly, there is a growing trend in some diseases such as cognitive disorders (dementia) which are common in this era, and the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are still facing challenges. Therefore, early identification of cognitive disorders is of particular importance. In this regard, the use of any tool or cognitive tests may not be enough to diagnose dementia in the early stages and a special tool is needed. Objective: The validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (P-TICS-M) in older adults living in the Iranian community for a comprehensive screening of mild cognitive impairment and dementia was investigated. Methods: In the first phase, translation, re-translation, and word-taking were performed by using the face validity and content validity. In the second phase, a stratified convenient sampling with 150 participants aged ≥60 years was conducted based on cognitive status using the global deterioration scale in 2018. The external and internal reliability of the P-TICS-M using the interclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of total items of this tool were estimated. Results: The mean age of the participants was 68.6 (standard deviation±7.4) years. According to global deterioration scale, 87 (58.0%) had normal cognition, 40 (26.7%) had mild cognitive impairment, and 23 (15.3%) had dementia. The Spearman's correlation coefficient between P-TICS-M scores and Mini-Mental State Examination scale was 0.764. In exploratory factor analysis, seven domains were detected, which were compatible with those defined by the tool developer. The Cronbach's alpha of the P-TICS-M was 0.920. The absolute agreement between test-retest score was >0.90. The sensitivity of 92.2, 94.8, and 100%, and also the specificity of 79.4, 88.2, and 89.8% were calculated for detecting subjects with dementia, respectively. Furthermore, a mild cognitive impairment cutoff of >28 was determined. Conclusion: The development and validation of a P-TICS-M tool can be useful in identifying older adult people with cognitive impairment. Demographic characteristics (level of education, age) can also affect the cutoff point of this tool.
RESUMO. Por causa do aumento da população de idosos, há uma tendência crescente de algumas doenças, como os distúrbios cognitivos (demência), que são comuns nessa época, e o diagnóstico e tratamento dessa doença ainda enfrentam desafios. A identificação precoce de distúrbios cognitivos é de particular importância. Nesse sentido, a utilização de qualquer ferramenta ou testes cognitivos pode não ser suficiente para diagnosticar a demência nas fases iniciais e é necessária uma ferramenta especial. Objetivo: A validade e a confiabilidade da versão persa da Entrevista Telefônica para o Estado Cognitivo - Modificada (P-TICS-M) em idosos que vivem na comunidade iraniana para uma triagem abrangente de comprometimento cognitivo leve e demência foram investigadas. Métodos: Primeira fase, tradução, retradução e tomada de palavras utilizando validade de face e validade de conteúdo. Na segunda fase, foi conduzida uma amostragem estratificada por conveniência com 150 participantes com idade ≥60 anos baseada em estado cognitivo por meio da escala de deterioração global em 2018. Estimaram-se a confiabilidade externa e interna do P-TICS-M por meio do coeficiente de correlação interclasses e o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach do total de itens deste instrumento. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 68,6 (desvio padrão±7,4) anos. De acordo com a escala de deterioração global, 87 (58,0%) apresentavam cognição normal, 40 (26,7%) apresentavam comprometimento cognitivo leve e 23 (15,3%) apresentavam demência. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman entre os escores do P-TICS-M e a escala do Mini-Exame do Estado Mental foi de 0,764. Na análise fatorial exploratória, detectaram-se sete domínios, os quais eram compatíveis com aqueles definidos pelo desenvolvedor da ferramenta. O alfa de Cronbach do P-TICS-M foi de 0,920. A concordância absoluta entre o escore teste-reteste foi >0,90. Calculou-se, respectivamente, sensibilidade de 92,2, 94,8 e 100%, e também especificidade de 79,4, 88,2 e 89,8% para a detecção de indivíduos com demência. Além disso, determinou-se um ponto de corte do comprometimento cognitivo leve >28. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento e validação de uma ferramenta P-TICS-M pode ser útil na identificação de idosos com comprometimento cognitivo. As características demográficas (escolaridade, idade) também podem afetar o ponto de corte dessa ferramenta.
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Objective:To determine the awareness and knowledge of exposure to rabies of outpatients， and then provide strategies to reduce the occurrence of rabies in Huangpu district， Shanghai. Methods:A total of 293 patients attending the clinic due to exposure to rabies were selected to complete the questionnaire survey， including demographics， characteristics of exposure， and knowledge and awareness of rabies， using an application scanning. Results:The outpatients in this study were more likely to be women and aged 20-40 years. The exposed sites were mainly upper limbs， and injuries mainly caused by their own pets during playing. The knowledge of rabies， its harm and route of infection， as well as the time of vaccination against rabies and notes after vaccination have been well-documented. However， awareness of clinical manifestation of rabies and treatment after re-injury was lowest. There were significant difference in the clinical manifestation and incubation period of rabies across diverse occupations. There are multiple factors that affected the knowledge and awareness of exposure to rabies， in which the knowledge of rabies was strongly associated with the knowledge of treatment. The primary source of exposure was media， including the Internet， television and radio， WeChat and medical staff. Conclusion:The cognition of outpatients on exposure to rabies remains low. We should optimize the educational methods and implement various health education and promotion activities for rabies control and prevention to improve the knowledge and awareness of exposure to rabies.
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Introducción: el envejecimiento es un proceso de cambios natural, gradual, continuo e irreversible. Todas las funciones declinan con el envejecimiento y el sistema nervioso no es ajeno a este proceso. Objetivo: identificar si el estado cognitivo del adulto mayor no institucionalizado se asocia con su calidad de sueño. Metodología: estudio transversal, descriptivo, prospectivo de dos variables, realizado en 32 adultos mayores de ambos sexos. Se emplearon los instrumentos Folstein y Pittsburgh para la valoración de deterioro cognitivo y la calidad de sueño, respectivamente. Se utilizó correlación de Spearman para identificar asociación entre variables y estadística descriptiva para el análisis de variables demográficas. Resultados: el 87.5% fueron mujeres y el 12.5% hombres. La edad promedio fue 70.9 ± 7.77 años. Datos del instrumento Pittsburg demostraron que el 75% de los sujetos son malos dormidores y el 25% regulares. Los resultados del instrumento Folstein arrojaron que el 87.5% de los sujetos se encuentran sin deterioro cognitivo alguno, el 9.3% con deterioro leve, 0% moderado y un 3.1 % grave. El análisis de correlación de Spearman entre ambas variables, evidenció valor de r = 0.135 y p = 0.46. Conclusiones: el estado cognitivo de los adultos mayores no guarda relación con la calidad del sueño.
Introduction: Aging is a natural, gradual, continuous and irreversible process of changes over time. All functions decline with aging and the nervous system is not alien to this process. Objective: To identify if the cognitive status of the non-institutionalized older adult is associated with their sleep quality. Methodology: A cross sectional study, prospective, two-variable study carried out in 32 older adults of both genders. Folstein and Pittsburgh instruments were used to assess cognitive deterioration and sleep quality respectively. Spearman correlation was used to identify the association between variables. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of demographic variables. Results: 87.5% were women and 12.5% men. The average age was 70.9 ± 7.77 years. Data from the Pittsburgh instrument showed that 75% of subjects are bad sleepers and 25% regular. Results of Folstein, showed that 87.5% of subjects are without any cognitive impairment, 9.3% with mild impairment, 0% moderate and 3.1% severe. The Spearman correlation analysis between both variables showed a value of r = 0.135 and p = 0.46. Conclusions: The cognitive status of older adults is not related to the quality of sleep.
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Humanos , Sueño , Anciano , Envejecimiento , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Transversales , Recolección de Datos , Hospitales Públicos , MéxicoRESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the relationship between nutritional status and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD),and to provide rationale for clinicians in nutrition intervention of AD patients.Methods:Sixty cases of elderly AD patients and 50 cases with normal elderly control were enrolled from the neurological department.Nutritional status and cognitive function were assessed using the laboratory parameters,mini nutritional assessment method (short-form Mini-Nutritional fine assessment,MNA-SF) and MMSE (Mini-Mental State,Examination,MMSE) survey.Results:Compared with control group,the AD group had significantly different laboratory index and MNA-SF score (P ＜ 0.05).MNA-SF scores were positively correlated with MMSE scores in patients with AD (r =0.59,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of malnutrition in AD patients is high,and it is related to their cognitive function.The nutritional knowledge should be strengthened among doctors and nurses treating patients with AD.
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Objective:To understand the impact of hierarchical medical system on the medical staff at all levels of medical institutions in the pilot areas,and their cognitive status and influencing factors for hierarchical medical sys-tem,for the purpose of providing scientific reference for improving the hierarchical medical system. Methods:435 of medical staffs were selected with the help of by stratified random sampling from different levels of medical institutions from 15 pilot areas and a questionnaire survey methodology was used in this study to gather views of the medical staffs. Results:It has been revealed that after the system is implemented,there were differences in the total monthly salary,performance pay ratio,workload and the relationship between doctors and patients at different levels of medi-cal institutions. The medical staff at all levels of medical institutions had a high degree of awareness of hierarchical medical system,and the cognition rate was 81.4%. Among them,tertiary hospitals,township hospitals,community health service centers,secondary hospitals;different department categories,job titles,performance pay ratio and sal-ary changes in the medical staff have different cognition of the grading. Conclusions:To further develop the key role of medical staff in the hierarchical medical system, strengthen the attention of secondary hospitals to enhance the service capacity of primary healthcare units at the same time,reform the pay system,mobilize the enthusiasm of med-ical institutions and medical staff,and promote the development of hierarchical treatment system.
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Objective To learn the cognitive status for newborns medical pain in medical workers of neonatal intensive care unit of children′s hospitals and provide clinical basis for optimizing neonatal pain management. Methods Totally 320 medical staff in neonatal intensive care units of six children′s hospital in Wuhan, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Nanjing, Zhejiang, Chongqing were investigated using medical pain management survey questionnaires by means of convenience sampling method. Results The knowledge on neonatal pain were at quite high level, accuracy rate was (80.5 ± 18.1)%;but on pain feel, pain relief rate and anodyne-use, the accuracy rate was relatively low; chest drainage, lumbar puncture and PICC placement were generally considered to cause severe pain with scores of 8.03±2.20, 7.17±2.17, 7.09 ± 2.00, respectively. Medical staff with different degrees, having children or not, different titles and with different years of working at NICU had impact on neonatal pain assessment on heel prick and venipuncture among full-term newborns. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.208-23.314, P<0.05). Conclusions Neonatal pain management is gradually emphasized by clinical medical staff, but there exist a certain bias on the perception and assessment of pain. So, it needs to strengthen pain-related knowledge training on health care for newborns to prevent and reduce neonatal pain, improving neonatal pain management.
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La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es la segunda enfermedad neurodegenerativa de mayor prevalencia en el mundo y de origen aún desconocido. Su sintomatología es multisistémica, presentado síntomas motores y no motores. Dentro de los síntomas no motores se encuentra el compromiso cognitivo, que se caracteriza por ser de predominio disejecutivo, acompañado por déficit en los dominios visuoespaciales, atencionales y en la velocidad de procesamiento. Mientras que la literatura internacional considera la afectación cognitiva en la EP, en Chile aún se comprende como una patología esencialmente motora, no existiendo desde las autoridades un lineamiento específico para realizar una correcta evaluación e intervención de las funciones neuropsicológicas...
Parkinsons Disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world and its origin is still unknown. Its symptoms are multisystemic, in which you can find motor and non-motor symptoms. In non-motor symptoms is cognitive engagement, which is characterized by a predominance dysexecutivebe accompanied by deficits in visuospatial domain, attentional domain and processing speed. While the international literature considers cognitive impairment in PD, in Chile it is still understood as an essentially motor pathology, no existing from the authorities a specific guideline for proper assessment and intervention of neuropsychological functions...
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Humanos , Cognición , Enfermedad de Parkinson/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Parkinson/fisiopatología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , ChileRESUMEN
Literature review suggests that polyphenols in particular fl avonoids, are benefi cial for mental health during aging process. This review examines the effect of consumption of all polyphenols groups on mental health and cognitive status during aging process. The keywords searched were “mental health,” “depression,” “anxiety,” “stress” and “cognitive” combined with “dietary,” and “polyphenols.” The databases including PubMed, Web of Science and CAB Abstracts were searched for a period of 10 years. A total of 11 studies were identifi ed to fulfi ll the inclusion criteria. From this review, polyphenols may confer benefi cial effects towards mental health, in particular the decline in cognitive functions during aging process, however, some studies showed contradictory results. Polyphenols have been proven to improve language and verbal ability, which is among the main vulnerable aspects in cognitive decline in pathological brain aging. In contrast, polyphenols intake did not seem to affect executive functioning. The effects of polyphenols towards cognitive status were more prominent among the elderly as compared to young and middle-aged adults. This review also shows that fl avonoids is the main type of polyphenols that confer positive effects towards cognitive status during aging. This review provides evidence that consumption of polyphenols may lead to cognitive and mental health benefi ts. Further clinical trials involving human subjects are required with carefully designed methodology to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between polyphenols consumption and improvement in cognitive and mental health status
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Objectives: Relatively little is known about socioeconomic predictors of cognitive health among middle-aged and elderly Indians. The primary objective of this study was to examine the extent to which education and income influence cognitive functioning after adjusting for demographic characteristics, health risk factors and transgenerational factors such as parental education. The study also examined gender disparities in cognitive functioning across geographic regions in India. Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Wave 1 (2007–2010) in a national sample of adults aged 50 years or older, a generalized linear model was used to examine the impacts of education and per-capita income on overall cognitive functioning. The generalized estimating equation approach was utilized to quantify these impacts on respondents’ overall cognitive performance score. This technique accounted for any correlation of responses of individuals within the same household. Results: Respondents with primary or secondary education and those with education above secondary level scored 3.8 and 6 points (P < 0.001) respectively more than respondents who had no formal education. In a similar vein, individuals in higher per-capita income quartiles scored 0.4, 1.0 and 1.8 (P < 0.001) more than respondents in the lowest income quartile. Although respondents in northern states scored 1.8 points higher than those from other geographic locations (P < 0.001), females in northern states had the worst cognitive performance (1.9 points lower) compared with females in other Indian states. In addition, early and adult life characteristics such as parental education, physical activity and a history of depression were found to be significant predictors of overall cognitive functioning. Conclusion: Education and income play important roles in influencing overall cognitive performance among middle-aged and elderly Indians. In addition, cognitive performance scores varied across geographic regions, and female disadvantage was observed in northern Indian states. Policies directed towards greater educational opportunities, particularly for women in northern Indian states, or promotion of physical activity programmes, have potential to improve cognitive performance and enhance cognitive health among middle-aged and older adults in India.
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Assessment regarding the nutritional status of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is important because their nutritional status influences the outcome of disease. The purpose of this study investigated the dietary habits, dietary quality, and quality of life for Korean PD patients according to their nutritional status. Seventy PD patients were recruited from K University Hospital (KMC IRB#0918-07) from February 2010 to October 2011. To diagnose PD, the United Kingdom Parkinson's Society Brain Bank standards were used by a neurology physician. The participants were interviewed and assessed using various tools, including a general questionnaire, anthropometrics, questionnaires for dietary habits, dietary diversity score (DVS), dietary variety score (DVS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), beck depression inventory (BDI), the Korean version of mini mental state examination (K-MMSE), and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). The results of the study were as follows: 1) Most of the PD patients (69.0%) were at risk of malnutrition, and 8.5% and 22.5% of the subjects were malnourished and well-nourished, respectively. 2) Clinical symptoms (swallowing and chewing difficulties) were obvious, and the quality of diet (DDS, DVS, DQI-I) was low in the malnourished group (p < 0.01). 3) The malnourished group had significantly lower scores regarding SF-36 (quality of life) as well as that of cognitive function (p < 0.05). 4) The nutritional status of PD patients was significantly correlated with their depression (p < 0.05) and quality of life (p < 0.01). These results indicate that appropriate nutritional management will improve the nutritional status and quality of life as well as the cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Humanos , Encéfalo , Depresión , Dieta , Conducta Alimentaria , Reino Unido , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Desnutrición , Masticación , Neurología , Estado Nutricional , Enfermedad de Parkinson , Calidad de Vida , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Objective To study the effect of ratanasampil (RNSP) which is Traditional Tibetan Medicine on the levels of serum β-amyloid protein, interleukin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods One hundred AD patients were divided into two groups in randomized controlled study, including treatment group (RNSP 1 g/d) and control group (piracetam 2.4 g/d). The treatment lasted 12 weeks. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer' s disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADLs) were taken to evaluate the efficacy. Serum levels of amyloid peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42 ) were measured by ELISA assay. The radioimmunologic assay was used to determine the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Results The scores of MMSE, ADAS-cog and ADL significantly improved at 12 weeks after RNSP treatment (P＜0.01, 0.01, 0.05, respectively), while had no significant changes in piracetam group (P＜0.05).The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and Aβ42 were significantly lower in RNSP group than in Piracetam group (P＜0.01). There was a decrease trend of the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio at 12 weeks after RNSP treatment (P＜0. 05, P＜0.01 ). The serum Aβ42 level had strong correlations with TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-6. There were no significant differences in Aβ40 and IL-8 between RNSP group and piracetam group. No obvious drug side effect happened on the groups. Conclusions The reductions of serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels after RNSP treatment may lead to decrease of Aβ42 production in AD patients. RNSP may decrease the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and slow down the progress of AD. It may improve the learning and memory ability in treating patients with mild to moderate AD and is well tolerated and safe.
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Objective To explore the correlation between P300 and cognition, and to analyze its clinical meaning. Methods Thirty patients with traumatic brain injury diagnosed with a definite trauma history were recruited as the experimental group, and 20 normal subjects served as controls. All were examined with event-related potentials and the neurobehavioral cognitive status examination ( NCSE ). After two months of regular rehabilitation treatment, they were examined again with the same methods to observe any changes. Results N200 and P300 latencies in the experimental group were significantly longer compared with the control group, while the NCSE scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group. After two months of regular treatment, the NCSE scores rose and N200 and P300 latencies were significantly shorter than before. The P300 latencies and the NCSE scores were observed to be significantly correlated (r=-0.679,P≤0.01 ). Stepwise regression and multiva-riate analysis revealed that orientation ability and judgment were the components of the NCSE most closely correlated with the P300 latencies. Conclusion P300 latency can serve for the evaluation of cognition due to its significant correlation with orientation ability and time and space judgment.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of aphasia on the cognitive screening test in stroke patients with unilateral cerebral hemispheric lesions. METHOD: We evaluated 51 hemiplegic patients with unilateral cerebral hemispheric lesions using CT or MRI. We divided the subjects into three groups according to the presence of aphasia and motor weakness: right hemiplegic patients with aphasia, right hemiplegic patients without aphasia, and left hemiplegic patients. Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and Neurobehavioral Cognitive Screening (NCSE) Tests were applied in all patients. RESULTS: No differences were observed in motor FIM scores between three groups. Total FIM and cognitive FIM scores of the right hemiplegic patients with aphasia were lower than those of the other two groups. MMSE and several sub-items of NCSE (orientation, attention, comprehension, repetition, naming and calculation) showed the same results. But the mean scores of memory, similarity, and judgement items in NCSE were higher in the left hemiplegic patients than the right hemiplegic patients. No differences were observed in the construction score. CONCLUSION: All three cognitive screening tests used in this study were remarkably influenced by the ability of the language function of the patients. Lack of adequate items to detect right cerebral hemispheric lesions were also noticed.
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Humanos , Afasia , Comprensión , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tamizaje Masivo , Memoria , Accidente CerebrovascularRESUMEN
The Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination(NCSE) is a evaluation tool of which many physicians use to assess the cognitive function of neuropychologic patients in a brief and quantitative fashion. We scored 10 components of NCSE in 45 stoke patients and compared the difference in scores between right hemiplegia and left hemiplegia according to lesion side, and we also compared the difference between patients with cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. This study was intended to know the usefulness of the NCSE in the fields of stroke rehabilitation in which the cognition of patients were very important. The mean scores of the patients caused by infarction was higher than that of the hemorrhage except only repetition of language part, especially the scores of attention and naming were high with statistical significance. The mean scores of the left hemiplegia were higher than that of the right hemiplegia except repetition and calculation but all valuses are not significant. Because the scores of the NCSE are influenced by the language function, it is not so useful in comparing stroke patients according to lesion side. But it is very useful in comparing the difference according to the causes of stroke, infarction or hemorrhage respectively and following up patients intrapersonally as a cognitive evaluation tool.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Infarto Cerebral , Cognición , Hemiplejía , Hemorragia , Infarto , Rehabilitación , Accidente CerebrovascularRESUMEN
The neurobehavioral cognitive status examination(NCSE), a screening examination tool that assesses cognitive funtion in a brief but quantitative fashion, is used as an independent test of five major areas: language, constructions, memory, calculation and reasoning. The examination also separately assesses levels of consciousness, orientation, and attention. This instrument quickly identifies the intact areas of functioning, yet provides more detailed assessment in the areas of dysfunction. To determine whether the neuro behavioral cognitive status examination is a more sensitive instrument for the detection of cognitive impairment than the minimental state examination(MMSE), we performed these test simultaneously in 26 patients with stroke. The sensitivities were 88.5% for NCSE and 53.8% for MMSE respectively. The sensitivity of NCSE was derived from two features of its design: the use of independent tests to assess skills within five major areas of cognitive functioning, and the use of graded tasks within each of these cognitive domains.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Estado de Conciencia , Tamizaje Masivo , Memoria , Accidente CerebrovascularRESUMEN
Objective:This article has summarized the second generation cognitive screening exam(NCSE) about it's subtests,methods of use,applicability,characteristics and flaws.
RESUMEN
Objective:To observe the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Telephone In-terview for Cognitive Status-Modified (TICS-m). Methods:62 dementia patients and 63 community-dwelling healthy eldly individuals were assessed. TICS-m was examined by telephone and face-to-face. Results:The correlation between face-to-face and telephone interview was 0.79~0.97.The spearman correlation coefficient of inter-rater reliability were 0.89-0.97 and intra-rater reliability 0.91-0.98. The sensitivities of TICS-m and the memory factor score were both high. The TICS-m and three parts were all significantly correlated with MMSE and CDR. Conclusion:Face-to-face and telephone interview of TICS-m was highly correlated. In-ter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability were good. The TICS-m is valid and reliable when used to screen dementia, especially mild dementia.