A case of imported furuncular cutaneous myiasis and cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ gene sequence analysis of the pathogenic Cordylobia anthropophaga / 中华皮肤科杂志

To report a case of imported furuncular cutaneous myiasis,and to analyze the sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ (CO Ⅰ) gene of the pathogenic Cordylobia anthropophaga.A 33-year-old female patient had a travel history to Ghana and Cameroon in Africa 1 month prior to the presentation.No anti-mosquito measures were taken during her stay,and she hung up the laundries outside to dry for several times.Skin examination showed furuncular protuberances with diameters of 1-2 cm on the inner side of the left upper arm as well as on the outer side of the left chest,which were bright red and hard on palpation with irregular borders and a small hole on their central surface.Morphological identification revealed that the larva squeezed from the lesion was suspected as myiasis.After PCR amplification of the CO Ⅰ gene of the larva,an about 650-bp PCR product was acquired.Sequencing and BLAST analysis showed that this product was most closely related to the CO Ⅰ gene (GenBank accession number:FR719158.1) of Cordylobia anthropophaga isolated in Cameroon in 2010 with the sequence similarity being 99.84％,and they were grouped together on the phylogenetic tree.According to the clinical features and travel history of the patient and the sequencing results of the pathogenic Cordylobia anthropophaga,this case was confirmed as imported furuncular cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga.

First case of Furuncular Myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a Latin American resident returning from Central African Republic

ABSTRACT Myiasis is a temporary infection of the skin or other organs with fly larvae.1 The larvae develop into boil-like lesions. Creeping sensations and pain are usually described by patients. Following the maturation of the larvae, spontaneous exiting and healing is experienced. Herein we present a case of a traveler returning from Central African Republic. She does not recall insect bites. She never took off her clothing for recreational bathing, nor did she visit any rural areas. The lesions appeared on unexposed skin. The specific diagnosis was performed by morphologic characterization of the larvae, resulting in Cordylobia anthropophaga, the dominant form of myiasis in Africa. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of C. anthropophaga in Latin America.

A Case of Cutaneous Myiasis Caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga Larvae in a Korean Traveler Returning from Central Africa

The cutaneous myiasis has been rarely reported in the Republic of Korea. We intended to describe here a case of furuncular cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga larvae in a Korean traveler returned from Central Africa. A patient, 55-year-old man, had traveled to Equatorial Guinea, in Central Africa for a month and just returned to Korea. Physical examinations showed 2 tender erythematous nodules with small central ulceration on the left buttock and thigh. During skin biopsy, 2 larvae came out from the lesion. C. anthropophaga was identified by paired mouth hooks (toothed, spade-like, oral hooklets) and 2 posterior spiracles, which lack a distinct chitinous rim. Although rarely described in Korea until now, cutaneous myiasis may be encountered more frequently with increasing international travel and exchange workers to tropical areas.

A Case of Furuncular Myiasis Due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a Korean Traveler Returning from Uganda

A fly larva was recovered from a boil-like lesion on the left leg of a 33-year-old male on 21 November 2016. He has worked in an endemic area of myiasis, Uganda, for 8 months and returned to Korea on 11 November 2016. The larva was identified as Cordylobia anthropophaga by morphological features, including the body shape, size, anterior end, posterior spiracles, and pattern of spines on the body. Subsequent 28S rRNA gene sequencing showed 99.9% similarity (916/917 bp) with the partial 28S rRNA gene of C. anthropophaga. This is the first imported case of furuncular myiasis caused by C. anthropophaga in a Korean overseas traveler.

A Case of Furuncular Cutaneous Myiasis in a German Patient Who Has Traveled to Benin / 대한피부과학회지

Myiasis is the infestation of any part of the body by Diptera larvae. It is the fourth most common travel-associated skin disease and cutaneous myiasis is the most frequently encountered clinical form. Furuncular lesions may result when the skin is affected. Cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga has been endemic in the sub-Saharan African region for more than 135 years. There have been some reported cases from non-endemic regions, and yet C. anthropophaga infestations are rarely acquired outside of Africa. We report here a rare case of furuncular cutaneous myaisis by C. anthropophaga in a German patient who came to Korea after a three-week trip to Benin.

A Case of Furuncular Cutaneous Myiasis after Traveling to Cameroon / 대한피부과학회지

Myiasis is defined as an infestation of live human and vertebrate animals with dipterous larvae, which at least for a period, feed on dead or living tissue of the host, liquid body substances or ingested food. Among several types of myiasis, cutaneous myiasis is classified as the most common type. Cutaneous myiasis is subdivided into furuncular, migratory and wound myiasis based on the infested morphology. Common dipterous larvae for furuncular myiasis include Dermatobia hominis, Cordylobia anthropophaga, Cuterebra spp., Wohlfahrtia vigil and W. opaca. Early lesions resemble other insect bite reactions, but the physician can differentiate the lesions by the visualization of larvae through an aperture with serous exudes as the larvae grow. Although cutaneous myiasis is not uncommon in endemic areas, there has been one previous report of cutaneous myiasis by C. anthropophaga in the Korean dermatological literature. We report here an interesting case of furuncular cutaneous myiasis by C. anthropophaga in a patient after traveling to Cameroon.