Establishment of a three-dimensional digital model based on multi-source craniofacial profile / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To establish a three-dimensional digitized visible model to meet the clinical and research needs.Methods The head of the volunteer was scanned by a cone beam CT (CBCT).The bone tissue,the facial soft tissue and the teeth were extracted from the cone beam CT raw data according to the different Houns field values.The 3D digital craniofacial model was reconstructed from the three tissues extracted from the CBCT original data.The 3D dental model with high resolution was acquired by scanning the dental cast with the laser scanner.The 3D facial model with texture was acquired by scanning the volunteer's face directly by other laser scanner.With the regis tration algorithm in 3D graphics,the 3D facial model with texture and the 3D dental model with high resolution were transformed to the same coordinate which was of the 3D digital craniofacial model.Results We acquired a complicated 3D craniofacial digital model which combined the teeth model with high resolution,the bone model and the face model with texture.Conclusions The method is able to accurately establish the craniofacial digital model.

Avaliação do crescimento crânio-facial em cardiopatas e não cardiopatas: estudo longitudinal / Evaluation of craniofacial growth in patients with and without heart disease: longitudinal study

O objetivo deste estudo longitudinal foi identificar as diferenças no padrão de crescimento crânio-facial de pacientes portadores de cardiopatas congênitas. A amostra foi composta por 43 pacientes que encontravam-se na faixa etária inicial de 7 a 12 anos, em atendimento de rotina no Ambulatório de Pediatria do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, os quais foram reavaliados num período médio de 8 a 10 anos. Foram obtidas radiografias cefalométricas nos tempos inicial (T1) e final (T2) de todos os 43 indivíduos, sendo a amostra dividida em grupo cardiopata com 23 pacientes e grupo não cardiopata com 20 pacientes. Na comparação entre cardiopatia e não cardiopatia, foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação as proporções das medidas cefalométricas verticais da altura facial anterior superior e inferior. O padrão esquelético foi caracterizado por uma protrusão maxilar mais acentuada para o grupo não cardiopata e uma protrusão mandibular mais acentuada em ambos os grupos. O padrão de crescimento foi caracterizado por uma tendência a crescimento horizontal e vertical equilibrada nos indivíduos de ambos os grupos. O padrão dentário foi caracterizado por uma protrusão dos incisivos inferiores em relação à base óssea em ambos os grupos. O padrão estético foi caracterizado por uma retrusão dos lábios superior e inferior, em ambos os grupos. O padrão vertical foi caracterizado por uma tendência vertical em ambos os grupos, sendo caracterizado por uma diminuição mais acentuada da proporção entre a altura facial anterior superior e a altura facial anterior total e um aumento mais acentuado da proporção entre a altura facial anterior inferior e a altura facial anterior total para o grupo cardiopata, de forma significativa.

The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the changes in craniofacial growth pattern of patients with congenital heart diseases. The sample comprised 43 pacients aged between seven and twelve who were under routine clinical care at Pedro Ernesto University Hospital. All pacients were reavaluated between a period of eigth and ten years. While the cardiopatic group was composed of 50 males and 38 females, the rest of the sample showing no heart disease included 20 males and 23 females. When comparing the cephalometric measurements between the groups, a significant difference was found in vertical anterior superior and inferior facial height. The skeletal pattern showed a maxillary protrusion in the group without heart disease and a mandibular protrusion in both groups with and without heart disease. Both groups also showed a balanced horizontal and vertical growth tendency and the dental pattern revealed an incisor protrusion, with the lower ones being more proclined in relation to the basal bone. The aesthetic pattern showed a retrusion in the upper and lower lip position, considering both groups and when considering the vertical pattern, both group presented a vertical tendency, characterized by significant decrease of the anterior superior facial height and an increase of the anterior inferior facial height in group with heart disease.

Carniofacial Microsomia

Cranoifacial microsomia is an unique clinical presentation of '1st and 2nd arch syndrome' with asymmetrical craniofacial development alongwith conductive hearing loss. A series of 11 patients (4 males, 7 females) is presented which include two patients of 'Goldenhar's variant' with epibulbar dermoids. Two patients had no response on pure tone audiometry (blank audiograms) and underwent CT scan of temporal bone which revealed 'Michel's aplasia' (complete labyrinthine agenesis), rarely reported in the literature.

Cranio-Facial Fibrous Dysplasia.

An unusual case offibrous dysplasia involving leftcranio-facial region in an adult male is reported. The clinical features, radiological findings and the treatment have been discussed.

A comparative study on the positional changes of craniofacial structures between mixed and permanent dentition in Class III malocclusion by mesh diagram / 대한치과교정학회지

For the purpose of interpretation of positional changes of craniofacial structures in Class III malocclusion between mixed and permanent dentition, 73 normal samples and 103 Class III samples of mixed dentition and 125 normal samples and 168 Class III samples of permanent dentition were selected. Comparative cephalometric analysis was undertaken between them respectively by mesh diagram method to evaluate the positional changes of maxilla and mandible in anteroposterior direction and vertical direction and also the inclination changes of maxillary and mandibular incisors in labio-lingual direction. The following results were obtained: 1. The antero-posterior positional changes of the maxilla and mandible were posterior direction of maxilla and anterior direction of mandible. 2. The vertical positional changes of the maxilla and mandible were superior direction of both maxilla and mandible. 3. The labio-lingual inclination changes of the maxillary and mandibular incisors were lingual direction of both maxillary and mandibular incisors.