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Objective: Crinum jagus is used in traditional African medicine in the treatment of epilepsy, pain and inflammations. Methods: Anticonvulsant activity was investigated using picrotoxin (PCT) and strychnine (STR) tests in experimental paradigm. Results: Crinum jagus leaf methanol extract (200, 400, and 800?mg?kg?1) potentiated hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time and significantly (p<0.05) shortened the duration of convulsions in PCT-induced seizures. Delay in the onset of convulsions in PCT-induced seizure were very significant (p<0.05). Reduction in the frequency of seizures was also significant (p<0.05) in the test. Diazepam (5?mg?kg?1) was used as reference anticonvulsant drugs in the experimental models. While, CJB failed to protect the animals against picrotocin-induced convulsion. Neither the extract of CJL nor CJB confer significant effect on STR-induced convulsion. Flumazenil (GABA receptor antagonist) and cyproheptadine (5-HT2 receptor antagonist) blocked the effect of CJL extract in the PCT tests significantly suggesting that Crinum jagus may be acting by enhancing the effects of the GABAergic and serotonergic systems. Conclusion: The data obtained suggest that methanol leaf extract of C. jagus possessed significant anticonvulsant effect, thereby confirming the traditional uses of C. jagus in the treatment of epilepsies; mechanisms of which may involve interaction with GABAergic and serotonergic pathway.
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Aims: The current study investigates the leaves and bulb extracts of Crinum jagusfor antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Place and Duration of Study:Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria between June 2016 and September 2017.Methodology:The leaves and the bulb of the plant were subjected to successive extraction using hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. The phytoconstituents and total phenol contents were determined. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant properties of the extracts (compared to that of the standard drug Ascorbic acid) were also determined. The membrane-stabilizing properties of the extracts, compared to that of indomethacin, were used to measure their anti-inflammatory properties.Results:Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids in the extracts. The total phenolic content of the extracts ranged between 33.230 and 98.340 gallic acid equivalence/g sample with the ethylacetate extract of the bulb having the highest phenol content. In the DPPH assay, the IC50values of the extracts ranged between 0.503 and 1.050 with methanol extract of the leaves possessing the highest DPPH scavenging activity. The ferric reducing activities of the extracts ranged between 3.61 and 40.000 mg ascorbic acid equivalent / g of the sample with the ethylacetate extract ofthe bulb possessing the highest activity. Among the extracts screened for anti-inflammatory activity, the methanol extract of the leaves had the highest membrane stabilizing activity with value of 99.74 ± 0.68 at 0.5 mg/ml compared to indomethacin with a value of 52.65±1.18 at the same concentration.Conclusion:The leaves and bulbs of C. jaguscould be sources of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Crinum jagus plant belongs to Amaryllidadaceae. The plant is distributed worldwide in the tropics and subtropics. The extract was prepared by cold maceration in 80% methanol at 370C with intermittent shaking for 48 h. A yield of 12.6% w/w dry extract was obtained. C. jagus extract at various concentrations (2.5, 5.0 and 10 μg/1.5 μl) completely inhibited the haemorrhagic activity of Echis ocellatus venom (4.2 μg/1.5 μl). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, reducing sugars, sterols and terpenes in the crude extract. C. jagus extract possessed a significantly high antioxidant activity, an effect that was more pronounced when compared with vitamin C at increased concentrations (50-400 μg/ml). The bulb extract of C. jagus could therefore be used as adjunct therapy to handle myriads of health challenges.