A histopathological observation made on cystic kidneys obtained from human cadavers

Introduction: Cysts in the kidneys have been described as being heterogeneous, and occur due to hereditary,developmental and acquired disorders. They account for 6-8% of diseases that go for dialysis. Evaluating cysticdiseases is important for pathological diagnosis and treatment procedures for the patient.Objective: Present study aimed at finding the types of cysts prevalent in human cadaveric kidneys by making ahistopathological observation. The study was made to review the incidence of cysts in kidneys and to find outwhat are the commonest types of cysts that are identified.Material and Methods: Thirty formalin fixed adult cadavers were used for the study. Twenty were male and tenwere female cadavers used for routine dissection and teaching purposes for the first year medical students in thedepartment of Anatomy, P.E.S Institute of Medical Sciences and Research. The kidneys were dissected out from thecadavers from both sides. The fat and fascia were removed carefully and first photographed for gross appearance,before handing the specimens to the department of pathology for further study by making sections.Results: Cystic kidneys were seen in seven cadavers out of the thirty cadavers. The other cadavers had no cystickidneys. The incidence of cysts has been calculated in this study as 23.3%. The normal kidneys were 76.6%. Inthree female cadavers unilateral cysts were seen in the right kidney. In male cadavers, one had unilateral cystand the remaining three presented with bilateral cystic kidneys. One among the four showed multiple bilateralcysts ranging from one to forty five cysts.Conclusion: From this study it is evident that cysts of the kidney may occur without disturbing the normalfunctioning of the kidneys. The incidence of multiple cysts was more in males than in females. No of cysts weremore in the right than in the left kidneys. For a person to lead a normal life one fifth of the kidney is sufficient ifit functions normally.

A Variant BORS in a 20 Weeks Foetus – A Case Report.

A still born male foetus of 20weeks gestation was brought to the Department of Anatomy from one of the private nursing homes in Vizianagaram as a part of routine research work in the department. Foetal autopsy revealed bilateral cleft lip with cleft palate, anotia (absence of ear pinna), absence of external acoustic meatus and auricular tags on the right side, where as left pinna and acoustic meatus were normal. Study also revealed anomalies in the right middle ear and internal ear. Orientation of thoracic and abdominal viscera was normal. There were two large cysts in the abdominal cavity in place of kidneys. Both ureters were dilated. Branchial arch anomalies, ear anomalies and renal anomalies constitute Melnick-Fraser syndrome, otherwise called as Branchio-oto-renal syndrome.