RESUMEN
Abstract Introduction Knowing a concentration at which cytostatic drugs are toxic for the nasal fibroblasts will enable the use cytostatic drugs in the clinical practice to prevent excessive cicatrization. Objective To determine the cytostatic concentrations of mitomycin С, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil affecting nasal mucosa fibroblasts. Methods We obtained material during an endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy with the patient's informed consent. The cells were cultivated. Second- to fourth-passage cells were used in the experiments. The cells were stained for vimentin and cluster of differentiation 90 (CD90). An MTS test 3 (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)- 2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium); cell viability test was performed. Results The cytostatic drugs have a toxic effect on cultivated fibroblasts of the nasal mucosa. This effect is dose-dependent. In terms of reducing the level of tissue fibrotisation in the nasal cavity, the most justified approach is to carry out an experimental study of the effect of mitomycin C, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil at the concentrations of 0.25mg/ml, 0.25mg/ml, and 12.5mg/ml respectively. Conclusion The authors argue that it is inappropriate to use these cytostatic drugs to conduct studies with the goal of analyzing their antifibrotic effect on the nasal mucosa at concentrations that are either lower or higher than the aforementioned ones.
RESUMEN
Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica concerniente a los posibles riesgos ocupacionales que entraña la manipulación de medicamentos antineoplásicos. Se ha demostrado, en estudios clínicos, que estos medicamentos poseen efectos carcinogénicos, mutagénicos y teratogénicos. Por lo tanto, los trabajadores expuestos ocupacionalmente a estos compuestos pueden enfrentar graves peligros para su salud si no siguen una serie de normativas establecidas que regulan el adecuado manejo de estos medicamentos.
A bibliographic review concerning the possible occupational risks of the antineoplastic drugs handling was made. It has been proven in clinical studies that these drugs have carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects. Therefore, those workers occupationally exposed to these compounds may face severe dangers for their health if they do not follow a series of measures established to regulate the adequate handling of these drugs.