Status of Residual Drug Management in 50 Medical Institutions in China and Its Control Mode Construction and Appli cation Practice in Our H ospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To understand the current management situation and problems of residual drugs in medical institutions in China ，evaluate the practice effect of corresponding control mode of our hospital and to explore the countermeasures to reduce the production of residual drugs and standardize its management. METHODS ：By random sampling ，30 third-level hospitals and 20 second-level hospitals in different regions were selected respectively during May 1st to 31st in 2019. For the pharmaceutical personnel，doctors，nurses and other non-pharmaceutical personnel ，a self-designed questionnaire on the status quo of residual drugs in medical institutions was issued. Excel 2010 software was used to count basic data of valid questionnaire ，and the causes ， management status ，disposal status and possible hazards of residual drugs in medical institutions were analyzed. A management mode of residual drugs was established and implemented （involving reducing the generation of sources ，implementing process management，and strictly implementing disposal ）. The effects of the model were evaluated ，then the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward . RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out ，and 311 valid questionnaires were collected with effective recovery rate of 77.75％. The causes of drug residual were complicated ，which included the“combination”of the same drugs ，the pre-order dispensing ，adverse drug reactions ，poor compliance of patients ，wrong order imput，sudden transfer ，discharge or death of patients ，wrong dispensing or nurse check error ，etc. The management status of residual drugs was chaotic ，the disposal methods lacked of standardization ，which may lead to harm such as deterioration ，illegal Δ 基金项目：重庆市技术预见与制度创新项目（No.cstc2018jsyj- recycling and pollution . The established whole-link residual zdcxX0093） drug management model in our hospital ，mainly included ＊主管药师 ，硕士。研究方向 ：药事管理 、抗肿瘤药理 。电话： measures of introducing Clinical Departments Residual Drug 023-68774769。E-mail：513293274@qq.com Safety Management Regulations to clarify the responsibilities # 通信作者：主任药师，博士生导师，博士。研究方向：药事管理、 of management group ， clinical department ， pharmacy 临床药学。电话：023-68755580。E-mail：zrcq73@163.com department； using rational medication control software to 中国药房 2020年第31卷第8期 China Pharmacy 2020Vol. 31 No. 8 ·897· reduce prescription error ；increasing the frequ ency of drug inventory ；introducing Drug Withdrawal and Refund Management to clear out drug withdrwal process ；independently researching and developing “Residual Drug Recovery Management System ”to standardize and simplify the recovery process ；bringing the residual drugs into special fund project management for medical assistance. According to the operation management practice from Jan. to Oct. 2018，a total of more than 1 million yuan worth of residual drugs were recovered. The residual drugs that did not meet the recovery conditions should be destroyed according to the specified process ，and the case number of non-standard notification of ward management would significantly reduced. The whole-link mode management established by our hospital can effectively reduce the production of residual drugs and standardize their management and disposal. It is suggested that the state or province should issue special regulations on the management of residual drugs in medical institutions ，and each medical institution should formulate specific management measures suitable for its own unit. Meanwhile ，the management of residual drugs in medical institutions should be further standardized systematically by actively exploring the ways to reduce residual drugs ，formulating the corresponding financial account processing standards ， supporting incentive mechanism and other measures.

Managing the Pediatric Spine: Growth Assessment

Management of pediatric spinal deformities requires an accurate prediction of growth spurts to allow for timely initiation of treatment and prevention of curve progression. Determining remaining growth potential is also important for avoiding prolonged unnecessary treatment, e.g. bracing for patients nearing skeletal maturity. Many clinical and radiological growth parameters have been developed to aid clinicians in growth prediction. Of these, several commonly used measures such as height and arm span growth trends, timing of menarche, and the Risser sign are mostly retrospective and lack strong predictive utility. Bone age assessments, such as digital skeletal age and the distal radius and ulna classification, are more accurate parameters, but further research is required to determine interethnic variations and develop their role in management decisions.

Promoting Health and Happiness: A Buddhist’s Perspective.

Bhutan is known to the rest of the world as the country of ‘Gross National Happiness' (GNH). His Majesty Jigme Singye Wangchuck, the fourth Druk Gyalpo coined this term with farsighted vision of building an economy that would not only enable the country to preserve its unique culture but also ensure everlasting peace, happiness and wellbeing of His people. The Bhutanese are blessed with all the conditions and physical facilities that are required for happiness: fresh air, clean water, good governance, free education and health care, and many others. However, there is no evidence to prove that all Bhutanese are enjoying true inner happiness deep within. This is because happiness is not something that can be found outside of usand moreover, happiness derived from external sources is only temporary and fleeting. True happiness is within our mind, which can only be achieved by skillfully observing our inner world. A number of recent studies have identified happiness as an important factor that determines the state of health and wellbeing. Further, happy people not only lived longer but were also found to be more sociable, tolerant, helpful, loving and forgiving than unhappy people. Happiness is something that every human being wants and in fact, we spend our entire life blindly chasing after it, only to land up in sorrow. Perhaps the best way to begin our journey in search of happiness is by drawing inspiration from the Buddhist teachings of Phar-chin drug, or the sixparamitas, meaning the six invaluable qualities of an ideal human being. This paper attempts to elucidate how one can achieve true, inner and lasting happiness by infusing the virtues of pharchin drug into our daily life

Suppressive effect of combination of t-PA,heparin and homoharringtonine on formation of PVR aftervetreoretinal surgery / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the suppressive effect of combination of tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA),heparin and homoharringtonine on the formation of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after vitreoretinal surgery. Methods Forty-three cases (44 eyes)of complicated retinal detachment who receivedvitreoretinal surgery were divided into 2 groups.Twenty cases(20 eyes)in group A were treated by intravitreal injection of above mentioned drugs at the end of operation,while no intraocular injection of drugs given in 23cases(24 eyes)in group B.The mean follow-up period was 7.9 months. Result The rate of recurrent PVR in group A was 15.8%(3 of 19),and 45.5%(10 of 22) in group B (P

Effect of Langchuangjing Granule on Expression of CD4~+CD8~+ and CD54 in Peripheral Blood of Lupus Mice / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To study the immunoregulatory mechanism of Langchuangjing Granule(LG)in different dosages in lupus mice.Methods Three -month female NZB /NZWF1mice were treated with LG in three differen t dosages for six weeks and then the effect of LG on t he expression of CD4 + ,CD8 + and CD54in peripheral blood was obse rved.Re-sults LG in different dosages showed a tend ency of increasing the content of CD4 + and CD8 + ,decreased the serum con-tent of CD54and inhibited the hyper -expressions of CD54on the surface of lymphocyte and monocyte in plasma.T he above effects were stronger in middl e -and high -dosage of LG.Conclusion LG can improve the immune function an d restrain the excessive immunoreaction of lupus mice.