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Objective:To understand the current situation of male nurses in Dalian area and explore its future development direction.Methods:From August to September in 2020, 189 male nurses who had been engaged in clinical nursing for more than one year in 29 hospitals in Dalian were selected by convenient sampling method, and they were investigated by questionnaire. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The counting data were described by rate or constituent ratio. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the important factors influencing male nurses′ willingness to change profession.Results:A total of 189 male nurses were investigated, 137 of them were under 30 years old, accounting for 72.5%. They had high education background and low professional title, mainly concentrated in ICU, operation room and emergency department of public owned 3A or 3B hospitals, with a monthly income of 3 000 to 8 000 yuan. 33 nurses(17.5%) chose nursing profession because they couldn′t change careers by profession adjustment. 135 nurses (71.4%) considered that work pressure was high. 70 nurses (37.0%) had the idea of changing careers. The main influencing factors included:nursing career was not in accordance with individual interest, dislike of female boss, low income. The prominent problem in nursing career was "inconvenience in gender""the confusion of self-positioning".Conclusions:The hospital should improve the income of male nurses, reduce the work pressure, establish magnetic hospital, establish career planning for them, and expand the team of male nurses. Male nurses should take the initiative to improve their professional ability and professional title, so as to provide necessary conditions for the realization of nursing managers, educators, researchers and other professional goals.
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Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Dalian City, so as to provide the evidence for adjusting and formulating malaria control strategy and measures, being in accordance with the practical situation in Dalian City. Methods The data of malaria cases in Dalian City from 2005 to 2016 were collected from China Diseases Surveillance Information Reporting Management System (DSIRMS), to describe and analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of malaria in Dalian City. Results A total of 143 malaria cases were reported in Dalian from 2005 to 2016, including 115 laboratory diagnosed cases, 27 clinically diagnosed cases, and 1 suspected diagnosed case. Among the 115 laboratory diagnosed patients, 65 patients were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, 19 were infected with P. vivax, and 15 had mixed infection, 4 were infected with P. ovale, 3 were infected with P. malariae, and 9 were unclassified. All the cases were imported, 127 were imported from Africa, accounting for 88.81%, mainly were imported from Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, Ghana and Nigeria. Most of the cases were imported from May to October, accounting for 58.74% (84/143), and the imported cases emerged a small peak in August. The ratio of males to females was 10∶1, and the median age was 42 years. Among the total cases, fishermen, migrant workers, and work-man accounted for 55.24% (79/143). Seventy-five patients lived in rural districts, and 68 patients lived in urban districts. The median interval from backing to China to disease onset was 8 days. The proportion of disease onset within one month after backing to China was 76.27% (90/118). The median interval from disease onset to diagnosis was 4 days, and the longest interval was 71 days. Totally 141 patients were cured and 2 died. Conclusion In order to avoid malaria death, we should strengthen the malaria prevention and control, especially in rural districts, enhance the training for professionals in the county health facilities, and the surveillance and health education for those who are returned from malaria-endemic areas.
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Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Dalian City, so as to provide the evidence for adjusting and formulating malaria control strategy and measures, being in accordance with the practical situation in Dalian City. Methods The data of malaria cases in Dalian City from 2005 to 2016 were collected from China Diseases Surveillance Information Reporting Management System (DSIRMS), to describe and analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of malaria in Dalian City. Results A total of 143 malaria cases were reported in Dalian from 2005 to 2016, including 115 laboratory diagnosed cases, 27 clinically diagnosed cases, and 1 suspected diagnosed case. Among the 115 laboratory diagnosed patients, 65 patients were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, 19 were infected with P. vivax, and 15 had mixed infection, 4 were infected with P. ovale, 3 were infected with P. malariae, and 9 were unclassified. All the cases were imported, 127 were imported from Africa, accounting for 88.81%, mainly were imported from Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, Ghana and Nigeria. Most of the cases were imported from May to October, accounting for 58.74% (84/143), and the imported cases emerged a small peak in August. The ratio of males to females was 10∶1, and the median age was 42 years. Among the total cases, fishermen, migrant workers, and work-man accounted for 55.24% (79/143). Seventy-five patients lived in rural districts, and 68 patients lived in urban districts. The median interval from backing to China to disease onset was 8 days. The proportion of disease onset within one month after backing to China was 76.27% (90/118). The median interval from disease onset to diagnosis was 4 days, and the longest interval was 71 days. Totally 141 patients were cured and 2 died. Conclusion In order to avoid malaria death, we should strengthen the malaria prevention and control, especially in rural districts, enhance the training for professionals in the county health facilities, and the surveillance and health education for those who are returned from malaria-endemic areas.
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Objective:To investigate the polymorphisms at HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 loci in Dalian Han population. Methods: A total of 10 000 unrelated marrow donors who live in Dalian were genotyped by SBT and SSO methods. Haplotype frequencies and linkage dis-equilibrium values were calculated by ARLEQUIN software,and DA genetic distances between populations were calculated by poptree2 software. Results: A total of 18 HLA-A alleles, 32 HLA-B alleles and 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles were found in Dalian Han population. HLA-A?02 (31. 65% ),B?40(14. 84% ) and DRB1?15(15. 82% ) occurred most frequently. A?30-B?13-DRB1?07 (4. 56% ) was determined to be the most common three-locus haplotype and the second predominant haplotype was A?02-B?46-DRB1?09 ( 2. 43% ) . A ?30-B ?13 ( 6. 00% ) and B ?13-DRB1 ?07 ( 59. 89% ) were the most common two-locus haplotypes. Moreover,A?33-B?58 and B?13-DRB1?07 were strongest haplotypes with the linkage disequilibria values 0. 336 6 and 0. 665 1,respectively. In China,the closest genetic distances were found with Heilongjiang (0. 001) followed by Jilin (0. 002) and Shandong (0. 002),the furthest was found with Taiwan (0. 047). Compared with other populations worldwide,the closest genetic distances were found with Thailand (0. 029) and Korea (0. 03),the furthest was found with Italy (0. 183). Conclusion: Dalian Han population had rich polymorphism at HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 loci,and the distribution of HLA-A,-B and-DRB1 was in line with the charac-teristics of the northern population.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the tinnitus' prevalence in Healthy check-up population in Dalian City. METHODS 1748 cases (male 806, female 942) were chosen from the Physical Examination Center of our hospital from February 1st, 2015 to April 1st, 2015, the tinnitus questionnaire was performed. For the cases with the tinnitus symptoms, the characteristics of tinnitus were further inquired, including the course of tinnitus, seizure frequency, the duration of tinnitus, pulsatile or persistent, unilateral or bilateral. RESULTS The total prevalence of tinnitus is 32.4%(566/1748), the prevalence of persistent tinnitus is 18.3%(320/1748), and the transient tinnitus is 14.1%(246/1748); The prevalence of tinnitus in female are 36.4%(343/942), 20.0%(188/942) and 16.5%(155/942) in turn, which are higher than that of the male 27.7%(223/806), P<0.01; 16.4%(132/806), P =0.054, and 11.3%(91/806), P<0.01. Both the total and persistent tinnitus prevalence increase with age(P<0.01), but the transient tinnitus doesn't increase with age. The prevalence of objective and subjective tinnitus are 1.3%(6.9% out of total prevalence of tinnitus), and 17.0%(93.1% out of total prevalence of tinnitus), respectively. The rate of bilateral tinnitus is 78.1% out of total tinnitus, and rate of unilateral tinnitus is 21.9%(right 11.6%, left 10.3%). In addition, the rates of acute tinnitus, subacute tinnitus, and chronic tinnitus are 4.4%, 3.8%, and 91.9% out of total, respectively. Otherwise, the rates of sleep disorders and hearing loss complaining accounted for 31.9% and 14.1% respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of tinnitus is high in healthy check-up population of Dalian, the total prevalence of tinnitus is 32.4%, mainly bilateral,chronic and subjective.