Effect of different obturation techniques on sealer penetration into dentinal tubules after final irrigation with XP-Endo finisher file

The first objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher on dentinal tubule penetration of irrigation solution using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The main purpose of this research was to compare the effect of cold lateral condensation, continuous wave obturation and core-carrier based techniques on sealer penetration. Sixty mandibular premolars were prepared and allocated into two experimental groups (n=30) as the final irrigation technique and obturation technique experiment. In the final irrigation technique experiment, final irrigation was performed with XP-Endo Finisher, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI) (n=10). The roots in the obturation technique experiment were also assigned into 3 groups and obturated with cold lateral condensation, continuous-wave obturation and core-carrier techniques (n=10). The most effective activation method, which emerged as a result of the first part of this study, was used as the final irrigation method in the obturation technique experiment. Then, all roots were sectioned in 1-mm-thick slices at 3mm from the apex for scanning. In terms of depth and percentage of material penetration, CNI exhibited significantly the lowest values and no significant difference was found between others. Also, there was no significant difference among obturation methods. In conclusion, XP-Endo Finisher and PUI are more effective than CNI on irrigant penetration. Sealer penetration into dentinal tubules is independent of obturation techniques.

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue evaluar la eficacia de XP- Endo Finisher en la penetración de la solución de irrigación en los túbulos dentinarios mediante microscopía de láser confocal. Se prepararon sesenta premolares mandibulares y se distribuyeron en dos grupos experimentales (n=30) según el tipo de método de evaluación utilizado. En el experimento de la técnica de irrigación final, la irrigación final se realizó con XP-Endo Finisher, irrigación ultrasónica pasiva (PUI) e irrigación con aguja convencional (CNI) (n=10). Las raíces en el experimento de la técnica de obturación también se asignaron en 3 grupos y se obturaron con técnicas de condensación lateral fría, obturación de onda continua y portador de núcleo (n=10). El método de activación más eficaz, que surgió como resultado de la primera parte de este estudio, se utilizó como método de irrigación final en el experimento de la técnica de obturación. Luego, todas las raíces se seccionaron en muestras de 1mm de espesor. En términos de profundidad y porcentaje de penetración del material, CNI exhibió significativamente los valores más bajos y no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los demás. Además, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los métodos de obturación. En conclusión, XP-Endo Finisher y PUI son más efectivos que CNI en la penetración del irrigante. La penetración del sellador en los túbulos dentinarios es independiente de las técnicas de obturación.

Evaluation of the dentinal tubule penetration of an endodontic bioceramic sealer after three final irrigation protocols

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the dentinal tubule penetration of an endodontic bioceramic sealer, Sealer Plus BC, after three final irrigation protocols. Methods: Thirty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were selected. Root canal preparation was performed up to an #40.06 instrument (X1 Blue) under 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=10), according to the final irrigation protocol: G-NaOCl (2.5% sodium hypochlorite + PUI), G-SS (0.9% saline solution + PUI) and G-H20 (Deionized water + PUI). After final irrigation protocols, all specimens were irrigated with phosphate buffer solution. Root canal obturation was performed using the single cone technique and Sealer Plus BC, stained with a specific fluorophore. Specimens were transversely sectioned and each root third was evaluated in a confocal scanning laser microscopy. Images obtained were analyzed for sealer penetration in the dentinal tubules. Results: Dentinal tubule penetration of Sealer Plus BC was not observed in any root third, regardless of the final irrigation protocol investigated. Conclusions: Sealer Plus BC dentinal tubule penetration was not observed after none of the protocols tested. Dentinal tubule penetrability of Sealer Plus BC may be related to other factors rather than the final irrigation protocol.

Influence of root canal filling techniques on sealer penetration and gutta percha/sealer ratio: a confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis / Influência das técnicas de obturação do canal radicular na penetração do cimento e na relação guta-percha / cimento: uma análise por microscopia de varredura confocal a laser

Objective: The influence of four root canal filling techniques on the penetration of an endodontic sealer into dentinal tubules and the gutta percha/ sealer ratio (GP/SR) in root canals was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and Methods: Roots of the maxillary central incisors (n=40) were prepared with ProTaper Universal files up to file F5 and assigned to five groups: continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation, single cone, Thermafill®, and negative control group. After root canal filling with gutta-percha and AH26, along with the addition of 0.01% fluorescein, the roots were cut into 2-mm slices. Using CLSM, the specimens were transversely sectioned at 3, 6, and 10 mm from the apex. Results: Sealer penetration was deeper and more frequent at 10 mm than at the 6mm and 3mm for all obturation technique. Penetration was not significantly affected by obturation techniques except single master cone tecnique. Single cone technique demonstrated the lowest sealer penetration at all levels. However, sealer thickness was strongly dependent on obturation technique. Termafill® demostrated superior GP ratio followed by continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation and single cone. Conclusion: In conclusion, the single cone technique resulted in lower sealer penetration than the other techniques, which did not differ significantly from each other. However, sealer thickness was strongly dependent on obturation technique. Termafill® demostrated superior GP ratio followed by continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation and single cone. (AU)

Objetivo: A influência de quatro técnicas de obturação do canal radicular na penetração de um cimento endodôntico nos túbulos dentinários e a relação gutapercha / cimento (GP / CIM) em canais radiculares foram avaliadas por microscopia de varredura confocal a laser (MVCL). Material e Métodos: As raízes de incisivos centrais superiores (n = 40) foram preparadas com limas ProTaper Universal até a lima F5 e distribuídas em cinco grupos: condensação de onda contínua, condensação lateral, cone único, Thermafill® e grupo de controle negativo. Após o preenchimento do canal radicular com guta-percha e AH26, juntamente com a adição de 0,01% de fluoresceína, as raízes foram cortadas em fatias de 2 mm. Usando MVCL, as amostras foram seccionadas transversalmente a 3, 6 e 10 mm do ápice. Resultados: A penetração do cimento foi mais profunda e mais frequente em 10 mm do que nos 6 mm e 3 mm para todas as técnicas de obturação. A penetração não foi significativamente afetada pelas técnicas de obturação, exceto pela técnica de cone mestre único. A técnica de cone único demonstrou a menor penetração do cimento em todos os níveis. No entanto, a espessura do cimento foi fortemente dependente da técnica de obturação. O Termafill® demonstrou uma relação superior de GP, seguida por condensação de onda contínua, condensação lateral e cone único. Conclusão: Em conclusão, a técnica de cone único resultou em menor penetração do cimento do que as outras técnicas, que não diferiram significativamente uma da outra. No entanto, a espessura do cimento foi fortemente dependente da técnica de obturação. O Termafill® demonstrou uma relação superior de GP, seguida por condensação contínua das ondas, condensação lateral e cone único. (AU)