Tratamento cirúrgico e conservador de cisto periapical de grande proporção: relato de caso / Surgical and conservative treatment of large periapical cyst: case report

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever uma técnica de tratamento conservadora, cuja conduta preconizada foi a realização da descompressão seguida pela enucleação cística através do relato de um caso de cisto periapical de grande extensão. Paciente de 50 anos de idade, melanoderma, apresentando cisto periapical com aproximadamente 4,5 cm em seu maior diâmetro associado ao incisivo central inferior esquerdo. Na primeira etapa do tratamento, foi realizada descompressão cística e biopsia incisional, cujo exame histopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico clínico. Após 25 semanas de acompanhamento, houve uma considerável regressão do tamanho da lesão e a mesma foi enucleada sem comprometimento dos elementos dentários envolvidos e dos tecidos adjacentes. O relato de caso evidenciou que o tratamento cirúrgico e conservador pode ser um recurso em cistos periapicais de maior dimensão, sendo importante a cooperação do paciente no acompanhamento pós-operatório.

The aim of this study was to describe a conservative treatment technique, the recommended therapeutic of which was performed decompression and followed by cystic enucleation through the report of a large periapical cyst case. A 50-year-old melanoderma patient presented a periapical cyst with approximately 4,5 cm in its largest diameter associated with the left lower central incisor. In the first stage of the treatment, cystic decompression and incisional biopsy were performed; whose histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis. After follow-up, there was a considerable regression of the size of the lesion and it could be enucleated without compromising the dental elements involved and adjacent tissues. The case report showed that surgical and conservative treatment may be a resource in larger periapical cysts, and patient cooperation in postoperative follow-up is very important.

La discebtomia simple como tratamiento en el síndrome de compresión radicular lumbar / Simple discectomy in the treatment of lumbar radicular compression syndrome

Para el tratamiento de la compresión radicular lumbar se presentan los resultados obtenidos utilizando la discectomía simple lumbar (Laminotomía bilateral asociadaa discectomía bilateral), en 1214 pacientes que sufrían de dolor lumbar o lumbociática incapacitante. El procedimiento incluye una amplia Laminotomía bilateral, facetectomía parcial y bilateral, superior e inferior, discectomía bilateral osteotomía en V de las apófisis espinosas comprometidas y foraminotomía uni o bilateralcuando estuvieron indicadas. El tiempo de evolución promedio pre-operatorio fue de 3 años y un mes. Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados clínicamente, incluyendo exámenes musculares, neurológicos y de laboratorio. Se analizaron radiografías estáticas y dinámicas de la columna lumbar y en todos se practicó tomografía axial computada desde el segmento L3 al sacro y/o Resonancia Magnética de acuerdo al caso. El control postoperatorio promedio fue de 2 años; 97.1% de los pacientes presentaron un resultado excelente. En el 2.2% de los pacientes no se obtuvieron cambios significativos y no hubo resultados negativos. El 97% de los pacientes con déficit motor volvieron a la normalidad y regresaron a sus actividades habituales en 6 a 8 semanas promedio. No se presentaron complicaciones intraoperatorias, postoperatorias ni de tipo infeccioso. Se concluye que el método es beneficioso y justificable su aplicación en nuestro medio.

Results obtained by using simple discectomy (bilateral laminotomy and discectomy associated) are shown for treatment of lumbar radicular compression syndrome in 1214 patient suffering low-back pain or lumbo-sciatic disableness. The surgical procedure includes ample bilateral laminotomy, partial and bilateral facetectomy, both upper and lower, bilateral discectomy, osteotomy in “V” of the involved spinal processes and uni or bilateral foraminotomy. Preoperative average evolution was 3 years and one month. All patient were clinically studied including physical examination, muscle and neurological examination and laboratory test. Both staticand dynamic roentgenography of the lumbar spine were taken out and Tomography and/or Magnetical Resonancy scan from the L3 segment to the sacrum was performed accord in the every cases. Postoperative average follow up was of 2 years; 97.1% of the patients showed excellent results. 2.2% of the patients did not show any significant changes. There were no negativeresults; 97% of the patients no showing motor and sensitivity deficit, returned to normal activities after 6 to 8 weeks. No infection, intraoperative nor postoperative complications developed. It was concluded that this surgical procedure is benefical, safe and justifiable in this situation.