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Objective To analyze the data of prostate cancer in Wuhan from 2010 to 2019, understand the characteristics and trends of incidence, mortality, and YLL, and provide decision-making basis for Wuhan's cancer prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on deaths and incident cases of prostate cancer in Wuhan from 2010 to 2019 and from 2013 to 2017, respectively, were collected from the Wuhan Death Monitoring System. Indicators such as incidence rate, mortality rate, and years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) of prostate cancer in Wuhan were calculated using Excel 2016 and Python. The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Model (BAPC) was used to predict the mortality rate of prostate cancer in Wuhan from 2020 to 2024. The trend changes were described using the annual average percentage change (AAPC). Results From 2010 to 2019, the incidence, mortality, and YLL rates of prostate cancer in Wuhan showed an overall increasing trend (AAPC >0, P <0.05). The standardized mortality and incidence rates in the central urban area were significantly higher than those in the outer urban area, and the age group of 85 and above had the highest incidence and mortality rates. The age group of 0-54 had the largest increase in incidence and mortality rates. From 2020 to 2024, prostate cancer in Wuhan is expected to continue to increase slightly (an increase of 0.94%). Conclusion The incidence, mortality, and YLL rates of prostate cancer in Wuhan are showing an overall increasing trend, and this trend may continue. The characteristics are higher in the central urban area than in the outer urban area, and higher in the older age group than in the younger age group. Targeted measures need to be taken, and screening for high-risk populations should be strengthened.
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Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological trend of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding in recent 10 years,and investigate the change of their disease burden,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the accurate prevention and control of children's lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods A total of 671 children with "lower gastrointestinal bleeding" who were diagnosed in our hospital from 2012 to 2021 were collected as research subjects. To analyze the microscopic examination rate and common etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children in the past 10 years,as well as the epidemiological characteristics of different age groups, different regions and different basic diseases; Calculate and compare the rate of disability life lost (YLD), early death life lost (YLL) and disability adjusted life year (DALY) of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding within 10 years, and calculate the annual change percentage (AAPC) to analyze the change trend of disease burden. Results The microscopic examination rate of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding showed a trend of increasing in the past 10 years (P18 years old, hypertension and gastroenteritis. The DALY rate, YLL rate and YLD rate caused by lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the past 10 years showed an upward trend (P<0.05). Conclusion The microscopic examination rate of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children was graduallyincreasing,and the prevalence rate of basic diseases such as boys,hypertension and gastroenteritis was increasing;in addition,the disease burden caused by children's lower gastrointestinal bleeding was also increasing year by year and should be protected.
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Objective To analyze the burden and changing trend of testicular cancer in China from 1990 to 2019.Methods Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Database(GBD 2019),analyze the incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),years of life lost(YLLs),years lived with disability(YLDs)and their variation trend of testicular cancer in Chinese population from 1990 to 2019.Evaluating changes in age standardized rate(ASR)by calculating annual estimated percentage change(EAPC).According to the age grouping,analyze the age distribution characteristics of testicular cancer disease burden by age group.Results In 2019,the incident cases,deaths,age-standardized incidence rate,and age-standardized mortality rate of testicular cancer in China were 17.17×103,1.21×103,2.39/105,and 0.16/105,respectively.Compared to 1990,incident cases,deaths,and age-standardized incidence rate increased obviously in China,which was consistent with the global change trend,while the increase was higher than the global level.However,both Chinese and global age-standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend.From 1990 to 2019,DALYs,YLLs and YLDs of testicular cancer increased by 29.66%,9.83%and 720.91%respectively in China.The two age groups,0-15 years group and 30-35 years group,were with highest incidence of testicular cancer,while the highest disease burden of testicular cancer was 30-35 years.Conclusion From 1990 to 2019,the disease burden of testicular cancer in China showed an upward trend.Adolescents and young adults should be the priority population for screening and prevention due to their higher incidence and disease burden.
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AIM:To assess the evolving burden of cataracts in China from 1990 to 2019.METHODS: Data on disease burden related to cataracts in China were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2019 study based on large public databases. Utilizing data from the GBD 2019 study, we extracted information on cataract-related disease burden in China from extensive public databases. Analysis of prevalence and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)associated with cataracts in China was conducted based on GBD 2019 findings. The variable characteristics of age-standardized prevalence rates(ASPR)and age-standardized DALYs rates(ASDR)in China and its neighboring countries were also explored.RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2019, the number of prevalent cases of blindness and vision loss caused by cataracts in China increased by 223.54%, and the corresponding DALYs raised by 142.14%. Over the past 30 years, females exhibited higher age-standardized prevalence and DALYs rates compared to males. Meanwhile, individuals aged 65 to 84 years were found to be more susceptible to cataracts than other age groups. Compared with neighboring countries, China ranked from the 9th position in 1990(867.09, 95%UI: 761.36 to 975.42, per 100 000 population)to the 11th in 2019(991.56, 95%UI: 861.52 to 1131.04, per 100 000 population)in ASPR, while from the 9th in 1990(65.85, 95%UI: 46.39 to 89.41, per 100 000 population)to the 10th position in 2019(59.16, 95%UI: 41.70 to 80.15, per 100 000 population)in ASDR. However, on a global scale, China maintained relatively low ASDR and ASPR for cataracts in 2019.CONCLUSION: The study highlights a substantial rise in the prevalence and DALYs associated with blindness and vision loss due to cataracts from 1990 to 2019 in China, and underscores the urgent need for increased early screening of cataracts, particularly among the elderly and females.
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Objective To identify the disease burden and indirect economic burden caused by lung cancer in Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, from 1981 to 2020. Methods The incidence and death cases of lung cancer were obtained from cancer registry and death cause monitoring data. The disability adjusted life years (DALY) was used as the evaluation index for burden posed by lung cancer on health, and the indirect economic burden was calculated by a human capital method. Results From 1981 to 2020, a total of 9272 deaths due to lung cancer were reported in Kunshan, of which 7106 were males and 2166 were females. The DALY caused by lung cancer in the whole population were 3.81, 4.14, 4.38, and 9.46 in 1981–1990, 1991–2000, 2001–2010, and 2011–2020, respectively. The indirect economic burden caused by lung cancer was 10.515, 141.657, 813.794, and 6659.149 million yuan. From 2011 to 2020, the ratios of years of life lost due to premature mortality to DALY in males, females, and the general population were 92.42%, 95.15%, and 93.60%, respectively. Conclusion The health burden and indirect economic burden for lung cancer are substantial in the Kunshan City. Moreover, age-specific DALY and indirect economic burden are not exactly symmetrical, suggesting that an effective control strategy to lower cost is urgently needed, especially for individuals aged 40-59.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the trends in the disease burden of esophageal cancer attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019. MethodsUsing the Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software， based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 data， we examined the mortality， Disability-Adjusted Life Years （DALY） data， and death rates of esophageal cancer attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019， along with national population data. The trends in disease burden was described and the age-period-cohort model was employed to analyze the effects of age， period， and cohort on the trends in disease burden due to smoking. ResultsJoinpoint analysis indicated that the age-standardized mortality rate （ASMR） and DALY rate attributable to smoking showed an average annual percent change （AAPC） of -1.42% and -1.72%， respectively. For females， the AAPC values for ASMR and DALY rate were -3.26% and -3.70%， respectively， while for males， these were -1.28% and -1.54%， respectively. The disease burden by age attributable to smoking showed a general declining trend across all age groups in mortality and DALY rates. The disease burden from smoking， measured by age， displayed a consistent downward trend in both mortality and DALY rates across all age groups. The 40-44 age group saw the sharpest decline， with Annual Average Percent Changes （AAPC） of -3.05% for mortality and -3.04% for DALY rates. This was closely followed by the 45-49 age group， which experienced AAPC values of -2.73% and -2.72%， respectively. Analysis using the age-period-cohort model showed that the impact of age on mortality and DALY rates due to smoking initially increases with age before subsequently decreasing. The period effect revealed a general increase in the mortality rate from smoking in China， except for a dip between 2005 and 2010； otherwise， the trend was upward over time. The DALY rate demonstrated variability across different periods. The cohort effect indicated a decrease in both mortality and DALY rates due to smoking as successive birth cohorts progressed. ConclusionsOur study reveals that the disease burden of esophageal cancer attributed to smoking factors exhibits gender differences and shows an overall declining trend over time. Efforts should be intensified to enhance health education for men， particularly focusing on smoking cessation education for smokers aged 35-39， in order to improve the overall level of primary prevention of esophageal cancer.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)poses a serious threat to human health and carries a heavy burden of disease.The disease burden mainly includes traditional epidemiological indicators such as morbidity,disability rate,and mortality rate,as well as economic burden evaluation indicators such as direct economic burden,indirect economic burden,and intangible economic burden,as well as social/health burden evaluation indicators such as potential years of life reduction,disability adjusted life years,and quality adjusted life years.It summarized the existing methods for evaluating the burden of COPD diseases and proposed the following suggestions:(1)enriching economic burden research methods to comprehensively and accurately evaluate direct economic burden;(2)expanding the scope of economic burden research and improve the economic burden research of COPD;(3)strengthening information management and enhance the accuracy of disease burden data;(4)exploring multidimensional indicators and establish a COPD disease burden evaluation system;(5)strengthening relevant research and highlight the health economics advantages of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in COPD.It can provide references for establishing a COPD disease burden evaluation system and policy formulation.
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Objective To analyze the disease burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)attributable to high body mass index(BMI)in China from 1990 to 2019 in the context of rapid growth in high BMI rates.Methods Data was extracted from GBD 2019,and the disease burden of T2DM attributable to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed for overall and subgroups defined by age and sex separately and jointly.The joinpoint regression models were used to analyze the trends of standardized death rate and standardized disability-adjusted life year(DALY)rate.Results From 1990 to 2019,the prevalence of T2DM increased from 2928.78 per 100000 to 6328.79 per 100000 in China.The number of T2DM deaths attributed to high BMI increased from 10500 to 47500 and the standardized death rate increased from 1.25 per 100000 to 2.39 per 100000.The attributed DALY increased from 771800 person-years to 3737600 person-years,and the standardized DALY rate increased from 80.21 per 100000 to 181.54 per 100000.Years of life lost(YLL)and years lived with disability(YLD)and their standardized rates also increased.From 1990 to 2019,the annual average percentage change of the standardized death rate and the standardized DALY rate of T2DM attributable to high BMI were 2.28%and 2.81%,respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.05)and males were both higher than females.The standardized DALY rate and the standardized death rate of males exceeded that of females in 2010 and 2014,respectively.Age-stratified results showed that the burden of T2DM,which is attributed to a high BMI,is even greater in people over 50 years old.The YLD rate attributable to high BMI increased the most among the 15～49 age group,reaching 323.99%.Conclusion From 1990 to 2019,the disease burden of T2DM that can be attributed to high BMI increased significantly in China.It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control efforts,effectively manage population BMI,and adopt key interventions for high-risk groups to reduce the disease burden of T2DM.
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Objectives:To explore the burden and trend of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)attributed to household air pollution(HAP)in the world and China from 1990 to 2019. Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease(GDB)database in 2019,the CVD data attributed to HAP in China and around the world were extracted,and the mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)and their age standardized rate(ASR)and estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)were used to analyze the burden of disease and trend in China and other regions and countries from 1990 to 2019. Results:From 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized death rate(ASDR)(EAPC=-3.65,95%CI:-3.86 to-3.44),and the age-standardized DALY rate(EAPC=-3.60,95%CI:-3.78 to-3.41)attributable to HAP for CVD globally showed a decreasing trend.In China,the ASDR(EAPC=-5.78,95%CI:-6.17 to-5.38)and the age-standardized DALY rate(EAPC=-5.97,95%CI:-6.32 to-5.62)also showed a declining trend.The burden of males was slightly higher than females,reaching its peak at the age of 75 to 89 years.The largest increase of the burden of CVD attributed to HAP was in Philippines(ASDR:EAPC[95%CI]=0.87[0.21-1.54];age-standardized DALY rate:EAPC[95%CI]=1.32[0.60-2.03]),and the largest decline was in Saudi Arabia(ASDR:EAPC[95%CI]=-18.48[-18.63 to-18.32];age-standardized DALY rate:EAPC[95%CI]=-18.25[-18.38 to-18.12]).In 2019,the highest disease burden of CVD related to HAP per 100 000 people was significantly higher in ASDR(56.67,95%UI:42.08-73.07)and age-standardized DALY rate(1 318.63,95%UI:997.40-1 672.29)in areas with low social demographic index(SDI)than in other SDI areas.In 2019,among the 21 geographical regions and 204 countries in the world,the highest disease burden per 100 000 people was in Oceania,and the highest country was Solomon Islands,the corresponding ASDR of China was 12.52(95%UI:6.35-21.29)and the age-standardized DALY rate was 262.65(95%UI:133.90-447.50). Conclusions:From 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized burden of CVD attributable to HAP in the world and China showed a consistent downward trend,with males slightly higher than females,and the burden concentrated on population between 75 and 89 years old.Although there has been a certain decline in China,the disease burden is still high,so there is still a urgent need to take strong intervention measures to reduce burden of CVD attributable to HAP in China.
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Objective@#To analyze the disease burden and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2019, so as to provide the basis for prevention and control of colorectal cancer.@*Methods@#Based on data of 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GDB 2019), disease burden and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2019 was assessed using years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), disability-adjusted life years (DALY).@*Results@#In 2019, the YLL rate, YLD rate and DALY rate caused by colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province were 496.15/105, 31.81/105 and 527.96/105, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the YLL rate, YLD rate and DALY rate caused by colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province increased by 114.90%, 482.60% and 123.38%, respectively, showing increasing trends (average annual percent change values were =2.663, 6.283 and 2.800, respectively,all P<0.05). From 1990 to 2019, the YLL rate, YLD rate and DALY rate in the age groups of 15 to 49 years, 50 to 69 years and 70 years and older showed increasing trends (all P<0.05). In 1990, the top ten risk factors for colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province were diet low in calcium, diet low in milk, diet low in whole grains, smoking, alcohol use, low physical activity, high fasting plasma glucose, diet high in red meat, diet low in fiber and high body mass index. In 2019, the top ten risk factors for colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province were diet low in milk, diet low in whole grains, diet low in calcium, alcohol use, diet high in red meat, high body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, low physical activity, diet low in fiber and diet high in processed meat.@*Conclusions@#The disease burden of colorectal cancer in Zhejiang Province showed an upward trend from 1990 to 2019. The top ten risk factors for colorectal cancer remained between 1990 and 2019, while there was a slight change in ranking.
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Objective To understand the HIV/AIDS burden and the disease burden attributed to various risk factors in four countries with different socio-demographic index (SDI) (China, United States, Russia, and Afghanistan) from 1990 to 2019, and to predict the HIV/AIDS attributable disease burden from 2020 to 2029. Methods The 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study data was used to describe and compare the incidence, prevalence, death, and DALYs of HIV/AIDS in the four countries. The standardized DALYs attributed to various risk factors in different age groups of HIV/AIDS in the four countries in 1990 and 2019 were compared. R4.3.0 was used to construct an autoregressive moving average mixed model to predict the attributable disease burden in each country over the next decade. Results Compared with 1990, in 2019, the standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate, standardized mortality rate, and standardized DALYs rate in China and the other two countries, except the United States, showed an increase. People aged 10 to 49 years old were a key group for disease burden, and the main risk factors for disease burden varied among different countries and age groups. The autoregressive moving average mixed model predicted that the main risk factor for Russia in the next decade would be injecting drugs, while unsafe sexual behavior would occur in the other three countries. Conclusion There are differences in disease burden and risk factors among different genders and age groups globally and in the four different SDI countries. Therefore, differences should be fully considered to determine the focus of HIV/AIDS prevention and control and rationally allocate health resources.
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As a neglected tropical disease defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), echinococcosis causes a huge public health burden. Understanding the disease burden due to echinococcosis facilitates the progress towards elimination of the disease. This review analyzes the advances in disease and economic burdens of echinococcosis, describes the status quo disease burden due to echinococcosis in different areas of the world, compares the difference between international and national studies on disease and economic burdens of echinococcosis, and discusses the shortcomings of the current international and national studies on disease burden of echinococcosis. Currently, the studies on disease burden of echinococcosis suffer from problems of few field survey data and lack of authoritative disability weights for echinococcosis, while the studies on economic burden of echinococcosis suffer from problems of lack of comprehensive study populations and indicators.
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@#Abstract： Objective To investigate and analyze the factors influencing the direct medical costs of tuberculosis patients in Hainan Province, so as to provide scientific reference for reducing the medical burden of patients and adjusting the medical insurance reimbursement policies in the local area. Methods Using the total health expenditure accounting data of Hainan Province in 2020, including the outpatient and inpatient data of 14 provincial medical institutions, 235 city and county level medical institutions, and other relevant data from the 2020 Hainan Statistical Yearbook and Health Financial Yearbook, the direct medical costs of tuberculosis patients in the province in that year were calculated, and the influencing factors were explored using single factor analysis and multivariate generalized linear model. Results The final number of cases included in this study was 11 979, including 7 526 males (62.83%) and 4 453 females (37.17%). The total direct medical costs of patients were 43.207 3 million yuan, of which the total outpatient costs were 2.733 9 million yuan (6.32%) and the total inpatient costs were 40.473 4 million yuan (93.67%). In the cost composition analysis, the drug cost was 17.971 million yuan (41.44%), the examination cost was 8.854 7 million yuan (20.49%), other costs were 16.445 5 million yuan (38.06%), and the median (quartile) M(P25,P75) direct medical cost of each patient was 177.50 (66.73,764.89) yuan. The multivariate generalized linear model analysis showed that hospitalization, new rural cooperative medical insurance (NRCMI) and urban employee medical insurance were the influencing factors of the increase in direct medical costs of tuberculosis patients the median (quartile) M(P25,P75) of direct medical costs are 10 425.04 (6 560.87,17 374.9), 10 246.5 (5 871.28,17 220.33), 3 177.2 (293.09,7 730.23) yuan respectively; the OR(95%CI) values were -3.505 (-3.499- -3.517), 1.559 (1.551-1.569) and 2.191 (2.188-2.207) respectively. Conclusions The direct medical costs of tuberculosis patients in Hainan Province are high. Hospitalization, the new rural cooperative medical insurance and the medical insurance for urban workers are the influencing factors of the increase in costs.
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Objective@# To investigate the disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis from 2009 to 2021 in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into formulating occupational pneumoconiosis prevention and control measures.@*Methods@#Data on occupational pneumoconiosis in Jinhua City from 2009 to 2021 were collected through Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System including demographic characteristics, disability level, age, pneumoconiosis type and stage, and analyzed years live dwith disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL) and disability adjusted life years (DALY) by different genders, pneumoconiosis stages, pneumoconiosis types, ages and disability levels. @*Results@#A total of 244 occupational pneumoconiosis cases were diagnosed in Jinhua City from 2009 to 2021, of which 225 cases were male, accounting for 92.21%. The median age of onset was 44.50 (interquartile range, 23.00) years. There were 229 deaths, with a median age of 78.00 (interquartile range, 13.00) years. The DALY was 3 791.88 person-years, YLD was 2 428.21 person-years (64.04%) and YLL was 1 363.67 person-years (35.96%). The YLD was 3 647.8 person-years in men, which was higher than 144.08 person-years in women (P<0.05). The YLD of asbestosis cases was lower than that of silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis (P<0.05). The YLL was not statistically significant in the stage and type of occupational pneumoconiosis (P>0.05). The YLD was higher among cases at ages of less than 40 years, and lower among cases at ages of 60 to 69 years and 70 years and over (P<0.05); the YLL was lower among cases at ages of 70 years and over (P<0.05). The cases with second/third level of disability had the highest YLD, followed by the cases with fourth/fifth level of disability, and the cases with sixth/seventh level of disability had the lowest YLD (P<0.05). @*Conclusions@#The disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jinhua City from 2009 to 2021 is mainly induced by disability, and the disease burden caused by silicosis is the highest. With the progress of pneumoconiosis stages and disability levels, the life loss continues to increase.
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OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to estimate spatiotemporal variations of global heat-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden from 1990 to 2019.@*METHODS@#Data on the burden of heat-related CVD were derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to quantify heat-induced CVD burden. We calculated the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and DALY rate (ASDR) per 100,000 population to compare this burden across regions. Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) for temporal trends from 1990 to 2019. The correlation between the socio-demographic index (SDI) and age-standardized rate was measured using the Spearman rank test.@*RESULTS@#Heat-induced CVD caused approximately 90 thousand deaths worldwide in 2019. Global ASMR and ASDR of heat-related CVD in 2019 were 1.17 [95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.13-1.98] and 25.59 (95% CI: 2.07-44.17) per 100,000 population, respectively. The burden was significantly increased in middle and low-SDI regions and slightly decreased in high-SDI regions from 1990 to 2019. ASMR showed an upward trend, with the most considerable increase in low-latitude countries. We observed a negative correlation between SDI and EAPC in ASMR ( r s = -0.57, P < 0.01) and ASDR ( r s = -0.59, P < 0.01) among 204 countries.@*CONCLUSION@#Heat-attributable CVD burden substantially increased in most developing countries and tropical regions.
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Humanos , Años de Vida Ajustados por Calidad de Vida , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Calor , Temperatura , Salud Global , Carga Global de EnfermedadesRESUMEN
Pneumoconiosis is the largest and most serious disease among the legal occupational diseases in China, which causes long-term heavy disease burden to individuals, enterprises and society. How to scientifically and reasonably measure and reduce the health impact and economic loss caused by pneumoconiosis has become a key and difficult research topic. In recent years, with the development of global burden of disease (GBD) research, some scholars have adopted disease burden index to evaluate the disease burden of pneumoconiosis, but the research results and data are relatively independent, and there is a lack of systematic evaluation system and framework. This paper summarized the application of disease burden assessment index for pneumoconiosis, epidemiological and economic burden of pneumoconiosis, and the cost-effectiveness of reducing the burden. This paper aims to understand the present situation of pneumoconiosis disease burden in our country, discover the problems and challenges of pneumoconiosis disease burden research in our country now. It provides scientific basis for the research and application of pneumoconiosis and other occupational disease burden in China, as well as the formulation of comprehensive intervention measures, optimization of health resources allocation and reduction of disease burden.
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Humanos , Neumoconiosis/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales , China/epidemiología , Costo de EnfermedadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES@#Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the 3 major eye diseases recognized by WHO to prevent blindness, and which is the main cause of irreversible visual impairment in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the disease epidemiological burden, and provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of AMD in China based on the data in global burden of disease (GBD) 2019.@*METHODS@#The prevalent cases/prevalence, disability-adjusted life year (DALYs)/DALY rate of AMD and socio-demographic index (SDI) for global and China were searched from the GBD 2019 database to analyze the epidemiological trend, age-period-gender trend of AMD in China from 1990 to 2019, and to evaluate the relations between the prevalence and SDI.@*RESULTS@#In 2019, the prevalence of AMD in China was at a high level in the world, and the number of prevalent cases were 1.93 times of that in 1990. The prevalence and DALY rates continued to rise. The age trend of AMD in China was high at the middle of the age stages and low at the two ends, and which was higher in the female than in the male. With the increase of SDI, the prevalence of AMD was increased linearly.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The disease burden of AMD in China is increased significantly and is positively correlated with the social development from 1990 to 2019. It is of great significance to study the relationship between epidemilolgical data of AMD and social development level for diagnosis treatment and policy of AMD.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Carga Global de Enfermedades , Años de Vida Ajustados por Calidad de Vida , Prevalencia , Degeneración Macular/epidemiología , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Background In recent years, ozone (O3) has gradually become a key air pollutant affecting public health. Studies have been conducted to evaluate O3 pollution-associated disease burden for general population, but there is a lack of research on O3 pollution-associated disease burden of gestational complications. Objective To assess the disease burden of O3 pollution on pregnancy complications in the Yangtze River Delta region and the changes in the disease burden resulting from the improvement of O3 pollution levels. Methods Through Chinese databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang, as well as English databases including PubMed and Web of Science, a systematic search was conducted to retrieve epidemiological studies investigating the association between O3 exposure and pregnancy complications from January 1, 2010 to February 28, 2023. Using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, retrieved studies were screened and assessed for heterogeneity using the Higgins I2 statistic. The exposure increment was standardized to 10 µg·m−3, and a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the exposure-response relationship. Spatial analysis and environmental health risk assessment were then employed, using O3 monitoring data at national air monitoring stations, population data, and related disease burden parameters in the Yangtze River Delta region, to evaluate changes in the disease burden of pregnancy complications associated with improvements in O3 pollution levels. Results The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between maternal O3 exposure and increased risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), particularly in early pregnancy, and the related odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.028 (1.002, 1.055) and 1.031 (1.023, 1.040), respectively. The cities with higher attribution fractions (AF) of GDM and HDP related to O3 exposure in 2017 and 2020 in the Yangtze River Delta region were Xuzhou, Huaibei, Suzhou (Anhui Province), Changzhou, and Wuxi, with most cities showing a significant decrease in AF in 2020. Except for Hefei, the cases of GDM and HDP attributable to O3 exposure in the remaining cities of the Yangtze River Delta region decreased by 16.31% to 57.41% in 2020 compared to 2017. In addition, except for Hefei, Suqian, Anqing, and Wuxi, the direct medical costs attributed to O3 exposure in the remaining cities decreased by 1.12% to 45.36% in 2020 compared to 2017. Conclusion Exposure to O3 during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of GDM and HDP. There are differences in the disease burden of GDM and HDP related to O3 pollution among cities in the Yangtze River Delta region in 2017 and 2020. In 2020, compared to 2017, the disease burden in most cities is decreased.
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Objective To compare and analyze the disease burden caused by drinking in China in 1990 and 2019. Methods The global disease burden database 2019 was used to analyze the attribution score (PAF), mortality, disability adjusted life year (DALY) and other indicators attributed to drinking in China in 1990 and 2019. The disease burden caused by alcohol consumption was compared between China and the world as well as different social demographic index (SDI) regions. Results From 1990 to 2019, the PAF attributed to drinking increased by 12.85%. The number of deaths attributed to drinking increased to 514 700, and the mortality increased to 36.18/100 000, while the DALY attributed to drinking increased to 17.2651 million person-years, and the DALY rate increased by 5.16%. The disease burden attributed to drinking was higher in men than that in women, and the attributable mortality and DALY rate in the elderly over 70 years old were higher than those in the young. From 1990 to 2019, the attributable disease burden of esophageal cancer was the highest in China, followed by colorectal cancer. Compared with the world and different SDI regions, China had the lowest standardized DALY rate attributed to drinking. Conclusion Drinking is one of the important risk factors for related diseases and cancers in China, and effective intervention measures should be taken for key populations.
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Objective: Through comparative analysis of the disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020, the main influencing factors are screened, and scientific basis is provided for rational allocation of limited health resources, precise management and policy implementation. Methods: In August 2021, survey and collect information on surviving occupational pneumoconiosis patients and dead occupational pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020, and analyze and calculate indicators such as morbidity, mortality, and disability adjusted of life years (DALY). Analyzing the influencing factors of disease burden usirrg multiple linear regression. Results: From 2010 to 2020, the average annual incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province was 0.9992/100000, the average annual mortality was 0.897/100000, the cumulative case fatality rate was 25.75%, and the cumulative DALY was 28932.96 person-years. The first stage of occupational pneumoconiosis was the highest among DALY loss (19920.14 person-years), and the DALY loss was positively correlated with the stage of occupational pneumoconiosis. Among occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province, silicosis (13753.66 person-years) and coal worker's pneumoconiosis (13414.73 person-years) caused the highest disease burden, followed by cement pneumoconiosis and asbestos lung. Period, length of service, type of disease, and region are all influencing factors of DALY loss (P<0.05). Conclusion: From 2010 to 2020, the DALY losses caused by occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province showed a fluctuating decrease, with the composition of DALY mainly changing from the loss of life years due to premature death to the loss of years due to injury and disability.